ἄφρακτος
Ancient Greek
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /á.pʰrak.tos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈa.pʰrak.tos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈa.ɸrak.tos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈa.frak.tos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈa.frak.tos/
Adjective
ἄφρακτος • (áphraktos) m or f (neuter ἄφρακτον); second declension
- unfenced, unfortified, unguarded
- 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 185–186:
- ἐξ ὀμμάτων δὲ δίψιοι πίπτουσί μοι / σταγόνες ἄφρακτοι δυσχίμου πλημμυρίδος
- ex ommátōn dè dípsioi píptousí moi / stagónes áphraktoi duskhímou plēmmurídos
- Out of my eyes fall thirsty / teardrops, unchecked, of a chilling flood
- ἐξ ὀμμάτων δὲ δίψιοι πίπτουσί μοι / σταγόνες ἄφρακτοι δυσχίμου πλημμυρίδος
Declension
| Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case/Gender | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | ||||||||
| Nominative | ἄφρακτος áphraktos |
ἄφρακτον áphrakton |
ἀφράκτω aphráktō |
ἀφράκτω aphráktō |
ἄφρακτοι áphraktoi |
ἄφρακτᾰ áphrakta | ||||||||
| Genitive | ἀφράκτου aphráktou |
ἀφράκτου aphráktou |
ἀφράκτοιν aphráktoin |
ἀφράκτοιν aphráktoin |
ἀφράκτων aphráktōn |
ἀφράκτων aphráktōn | ||||||||
| Dative | ἀφράκτῳ aphráktōi |
ἀφράκτῳ aphráktōi |
ἀφράκτοιν aphráktoin |
ἀφράκτοιν aphráktoin |
ἀφράκτοις aphráktois |
ἀφράκτοις aphráktois | ||||||||
| Accusative | ἄφρακτον áphrakton |
ἄφρακτον áphrakton |
ἀφράκτω aphráktō |
ἀφράκτω aphráktō |
ἀφράκτους aphráktous |
ἄφρακτᾰ áphrakta | ||||||||
| Vocative | ἄφρακτε áphrakte |
ἄφρακτον áphrakton |
ἀφράκτω aphráktō |
ἀφράκτω aphráktō |
ἄφρακτοι áphraktoi |
ἄφρακτᾰ áphrakta | ||||||||
| Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
| ἀφράκτως aphráktōs |
ἀφρακτότερος aphraktóteros |
ἀφρακτότᾰτος aphraktótatos | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
| |||||||||||||
Further reading
- ἄφρακτος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- ἄφρακτος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
- “ἄφρακτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- defenceless idem, page 204.
- guard idem, page 376.
- imprudent idem, page 425.
- inadvertent idem, page 427.
- inattentive idem, page 427.
- incautious idem, page 427.
- indiscreet idem, page 433.
- negligent idem, page 555.
- surprise idem, page 844.
- unaware idem, page 907.
- unconscious idem, page 910.
- undefended idem, page 912.
- unguarded idem, page 920.
- unprepared idem, page 927.
- unprotected idem, page 928.
- unready idem, page 929.
- unwary idem, page 936.
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