ḥmw

See also: ḫmw

Egyptian
Egyptian numbers (edit)
 ←  30 𓎉
40		 50  → 
4
    Cardinal: ḥmw
    Ordinal: mḥ-ḥmw

Pronunciation

Numeral:

 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ħVˈmuw/ → /ħVˈmuw/ → /ħəˈmuʔ/ → /ħəˈmøʔ/

Numeral
V20 V20
V20 V20
  1. forty
Inflection
Declension of ḥmw
masculine feminine
singular ḥmw
 —
Descendants
  • Akhmimic Coptic: ϩⲙⲉ (hme)
  • Bohairic Coptic: ϩⲙⲉ (hme), ϩⲙ (hm)
  • Lycopolitan Coptic: ϩⲙⲉ (hme)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ϩⲙⲉ (hme)

Etymology 2

A participial form of ḥm (“to steer”).

Pronunciation

Noun
N42mWP10

 m

  1. rudder, steering-oar
  2. (by extension) helmsman
Inflection
Declension of ḥmw (masculine)
singular ḥmw
dual ḥmwwj
plural ḥmww
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥmw  
HN42mwM3
N42mP10
ḥmw ḥmw

Pronunciation

Verb
U24wY1V

 3-lit.

  1. (intransitive) to be(come) skilled
Inflection
Conjugation of ḥmw (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ḥmw
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
ḥmw
 ḥmww, ḥmw
 ḥmwt
 ḥmw
 ḥmw
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
ḥmw
 ḥr ḥmw
 m ḥmw
 r ḥmw
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active contingent
aspect / mood active
perfect ḥmw.n
 consecutive ḥmw.jn
terminative ḥmwt
perfective3 ḥmw
 obligative1 ḥmw.ḫr
imperfective ḥmw
prospective3 ḥmw
 potentialis1 ḥmw.kꜣ
subjunctive ḥmw
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active active passive
perfect ḥmw.n
 — —
perfective ḥmw
 ḥmw
 ḥmw, ḥmww5, ḥmwy5
imperfective ḥmw, ḥmwy, ḥmww5
 ḥmw, ḥmwj6, ḥmwy6
 ḥmw, ḥmww5
prospective ḥmw, ḥmwtj7
 ḥmwtj4, ḥmwt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.
Derived terms

References
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 102, 382.
  • Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN
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