ჯიჰრა

Svan

Alternative forms
  • ჯი̄რა (ǯīra)

Etymology

From ჯიჰ- (ǯih-, “oak”) +‎ -რა (-ra, plant, tree designation). The root of the word, ჯიჰ- (ǯih-), is borrowed from Kabardian жыгей (žəɣej, “oak”).[1][2]

The native term for "oak" was likely replaced due to taboo; compare Georgian მუხა (muxa), a Northeast Caucasian borrowing, which displaced native *წყანი (*c̣q̇ani), from Proto-Georgian-Zan *c̣₁q̇an-. A similar process probably occurred in Proto-Indo-European dialects.[3][4]

Noun

ჯიჰრა • (ǯihra)

  1. oak
  2. oak log, timber

References
  1. Шагиров, А. К. (1977) К. В. Ломтатидзе, editor, Этимологический словарь адыгских (черкесских) языков [Etymological Dictionary of Adyghean (Circassian) Languages]‎ (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Nauka, page 196
  2. Klimov, G. A., Xalilov, M. Š. (2003) Словарь кавказских языков. Сопоставление основной лексики [Dictionary of Caucasian Languages. A comparison of the Basic Vocabulary] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, →ISBN, page 213
  3. Klimov, G. A. (1998) Etymological Dictionary of the Kartvelian Languages (Trends in linguistics. Documentation; 16), New York, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, page 317
  4. Gamkrelidze, Th. V., Ivanov, V. V. (1995) Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans. A Reconstruction and Historical Analysis of a Proto-Language and Proto-Culture. Part I: The Text (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 80), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 530-531

Further reading
  • Topuria, Varlam, Kaldani, Maksime (1994) “ჯიჰრა”, in Svanuri leksiḳoni [Svan Dictionary] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Merani-3 Publishing, page 1990
  • Čuxua, Merab (2000–2003) Kartvelur ena-ḳilota šedarebiti leksiḳoni [The Kartvelian Comparative Dictionary] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Universali, page 416, derives from Proto-Kartvelian *ʒ₁aw- (“oak”), "cognate" with Georgian ძაბრა (ʒabra, “moon carrot (Seseli libanotis); gourd”), Mingrelian ჯუმენე (ǯumene, “red-root pigweed, Amaranthaceae spp.”). This is no longer considered in his newer works.
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