सोम

Borrowed from Sanskrit सोम (soma).

सोम • (som) m

1. (Hinduism) soma
2. (uncommon) the moon

   Synonyms: चांद (cānd), चंद्रमा (candramā)

सोम

1. breath
2. life
3. soul

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáwHmas (“soma”), from Proto-Indo-European *sówh₁-mo-s, from *sewh₁- (“to press (forth)”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬊𐬨𐬀 (haoma).

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɐ́w.mɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈs̪oː.mɐ/

सोम • (sóma) stem, m

1. the Soma drink; the juice or extract, of the soma plant
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.48.3:

     अपा॑म॒ सोम॑म॒मृता॑ अभू॒माग॑न्म॒ ज्योति॒रवि॑दाम दे॒वान्।
     किं नू॒नम॒स्मान्कृ॑णव॒दरा॑ति॒: किमु॑ धू॒र्तिर॑मृत॒ मर्त्य॑स्य॥

     ápāma sómamamṛ́tā abhūmā́ganma jyótirávidāma devā́n.
     kíṃ nūnámasmā́nkṛṇavadárāti: kímu dhūrtíramṛta mártyasya.

     We drink the Soma, may we become immortal; we have attained the light of heaven, we have knownthe gods; what now could the enemy do to us, or what, O immortal, should the aggriever do to the mortal?

2. the soma plant itself
3. the moon
4. soma sacrifice
5. a day destined for extracting the soma-juice

• → Punjabi: ਸੋਮ (som)

सोम • (sóma) stem, m

1. Soma personified as a deity
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.48.8:

     सोम॑ राजन्मृ॒ळया॑ नः स्व॒स्ति तव॑ स्मसि व्र॒त्या॒३॒॑स्तस्य॑ विद्धि।
     अल॑र्ति॒ दक्ष॑ उ॒त म॒न्युरि॑न्दो॒ मा नो॑ अ॒र्यो अ॑नुका॒मं परा॑ दाः॥

     sóma rājanmṛḷáyā naḥ svastí táva smasi vratyā̀stásya viddhi.
     álarti dákṣa utá manyúrindo mā́ no aryó anukāmáṃ párā dāḥ.

     King Soma, bless us for our welfare; we worshippers are yours, do you recognize it; the enemy goesstrong and fierce, O Soma; give us not over to him as he desires.

2. a name of Chandra

• मास (mā́sa)
• चन्द्र (candrá)

• Monier Williams (1899) “सोम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1249/3.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 748-9