युग
See also: योग
Pali
Alternative forms
Declension
Declension table of "युग" (neuter)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | युगं (yugaṃ) | युगानि (yugāni) |
| Accusative (second) | युगं (yugaṃ) | युगानि (yugāni) |
| Instrumental (third) | युगेन (yugena) | युगेहि (yugehi) or युगेभि (yugebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | युगस्स (yugassa) or युगाय (yugāya) or युगत्थं (yugatthaṃ) | युगानं (yugānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | युगस्मा (yugasmā) or युगम्हा (yugamhā) or युगा (yugā) | युगेहि (yugehi) or युगेभि (yugebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | युगस्स (yugassa) | युगानं (yugānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | युगस्मिं (yugasmiṃ) or युगम्हि (yugamhi) or युगे (yuge) | युगेसु (yugesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | युग (yuga) | युगानि (yugāni) |
Declension
Declension table of "युग" (masculine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | युगो (yugo) | युगा (yugā) |
| Accusative (second) | युगं (yugaṃ) | युगे (yuge) |
| Instrumental (third) | युगेन (yugena) | युगेहि (yugehi) or युगेभि (yugebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | युगस्स (yugassa) or युगाय (yugāya) or युगत्थं (yugatthaṃ) | युगानं (yugānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | युगस्मा (yugasmā) or युगम्हा (yugamhā) or युगा (yugā) | युगेहि (yugehi) or युगेभि (yugebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | युगस्स (yugassa) | युगानं (yugānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | युगस्मिं (yugasmiṃ) or युगम्हि (yugamhi) or युगे (yuge) | युगेसु (yugesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | युग (yuga) | युगा (yugā) |
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- যুগ (Assamese script)
- ᬬᬸᬕ (Balinese script)
- যুগ (Bengali script)
- 𑰧𑰲𑰐 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀬𑀼𑀕 (Brahmi script)
- ယုဂ (Burmese script)
- યુગ (Gujarati script)
- ਯੁਗ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌯𑍁𑌗 (Grantha script)
- ꦪꦸꦒ (Javanese script)
- 𑂨𑂳𑂏 (Kaithi script)
- ಯುಗ (Kannada script)
- យុគ (Khmer script)
- ຍຸຄ (Lao script)
- യുഗ (Malayalam script)
- ᠶᡠᡤᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘧𑘳𑘐 (Modi script)
- ᠶ᠋ᠤᠺᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧇𑧔𑦰 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐫𑐸𑐐 (Newa script)
- ଯୁଗ (Odia script)
- ꢫꢸꢔ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆪𑆶𑆓 (Sharada script)
- 𑖧𑖲𑖐 (Siddham script)
- යුග (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩻𑩒𑩞 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚣𑚰𑚌 (Takri script)
- யுக³ (Tamil script)
- యుగ (Telugu script)
- ยุค (Thai script)
- ཡུ་ག (Tibetan script)
- 𑒨𑒳𑒑 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨪𑨃𑨍 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *yugám, from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm. Cognate with Avestan 𐬫𐬎𐬎𐬀 (yuua), Ancient Greek ζυγόν (zugón), Latin iugum, Old English ġeoc (whence English yoke).
Noun
युग • (yugá) stem, n
- (literally) yoke
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 3.53.17:
- स्थि॒रौ गावौ॑ भवतां वी॒ळुरक्षो॒ मेषा वि व॑र्हि॒ मा यु॒गं वि शा॑रि इन्द्रः॑ पात॒ल्ये॑ ददतां॒ शरी॑तो॒ररि॑ष्टनेमे अ॒भि नः॑ सचस्व॥
- sthiraú gā́vau bhavatāṃ vīḷúrákṣo méṣā́ ví varhi mā́ yugáṃ ví śāri indraḥ pātalyè dadatāṃ śárītoráriṣṭaneme abhí naḥ sacasva.
- Strong be the pair of oxen, firm the axles, let not the pole slip nor the yoke be broken.
May Indra, keep the yoke-pins from decaying: attend us, thou whose fellies are uninjured.
- स्थि॒रौ गावौ॑ भवतां वी॒ळुरक्षो॒ मेषा वि व॑र्हि॒ मा यु॒गं वि शा॑रि इन्द्रः॑ पात॒ल्ये॑ ददतां॒ शरी॑तो॒ररि॑ष्टनेमे अ॒भि नः॑ सचस्व॥
- brace
- pair, couple, team (especially of animals)
- a race of men, generation
- a period or astronomical cycle of 5 (rarely 6) years, a lustrum (especially in the cycle of Jupiter)
- an age of the world, long mundane period of years, an eon, era
- c. 400 BCE, Bhagavad Gītā Chapter IV.8:
- परित्राणाय साधूनां विनाशाय च दुष्कृताम्।
धर्मसंस्थापनार्थाय संभवामि युगे युगे ॥- paritrāṇāya sādhūnāṃ vināśāya ca duṣkṛtām.
dharmasaṃsthāpanārthāya saṃbhavāmi yuge yuge. - [And the Lord said:] "To deliver the pious and destroy the miscreants and to reestablish Dharma, I appear eon after eon."
- paritrāṇāya sādhūnāṃ vināśāya ca duṣkṛtām.
- परित्राणाय साधूनां विनाशाय च दुष्कृताम्।
- a measure of length
- name of a particular position or configuration of the moon
Declension
| Neuter a-stem declension of युग (yugá) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | युगम् yugám |
युगे yugé |
युगानि / युगा¹ yugā́ni / yugā́¹ |
| Vocative | युग yúga |
युगे yúge |
युगानि / युगा¹ yúgāni / yúgā¹ |
| Accusative | युगम् yugám |
युगे yugé |
युगानि / युगा¹ yugā́ni / yugā́¹ |
| Instrumental | युगेन yugéna |
युगाभ्याम् yugā́bhyām |
युगैः / युगेभिः¹ yugaíḥ / yugébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | युगाय yugā́ya |
युगाभ्याम् yugā́bhyām |
युगेभ्यः yugébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | युगात् yugā́t |
युगाभ्याम् yugā́bhyām |
युगेभ्यः yugébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | युगस्य yugásya |
युगयोः yugáyoḥ |
युगानाम् yugā́nām |
| Locative | युगे yugé |
युगयोः yugáyoḥ |
युगेषु yugéṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Related terms
- योग (yóga)
Descendants
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899) “युग”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 854.
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