तप्त

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *taptás (“hot, heated, warm”), from Proto-Indo-European *tₔp-tó-s, from *tep- (“to be hot, warm”). Cognate with Avestan (𐬵𐬄𐬨-)𐬙𐬀𐬞𐬙𐬀 ((hąm-)tapta, “hot”), Middle Persian [script needed] (tʾpt /⁠tāft⁠/), Pashto توده (tawda), Sogdian ܬܒܬܐܟ (tβtʾk), Bactrian ταβδο (tabdo), Ossetian тӕвдӕ (tævdæ). By surface analysis, तप् (tap) +‎ -त (-ta).

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /tɐp.tɐ́/, [tɐp̚.tɐ́]
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈt̪ɐp.t̪ɐ/, [ˈt̪ɐp̚.t̪ɐ]

तप्त • (taptá) past passive participle (root तप्)

1. past participle of तप् (tap)
2. hot, heated, warm
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.30.15:

     घ॒र्मश्चि॑त्त॒प्तः प्र॒वृजे॒ य आसी॑दय॒स्मय॒स्तम्वादा॑म॒ विप्राः॑ ॥

     gharmáścittaptáḥ pravṛ́je yá ā́sīdayasmáyastámvā́dāma víprāḥ

     And we, the singers, have received the metal cauldron which was heated for the Soma-ritual

3. inflamed, made red hot, molten, refined (of metals)
4. distressed, afflicted, worn
5. practiced (said of austerities)
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
6. incensed, furious, inflamed with anger

• Dardic:
  • Kashmiri: tot

    Arabic script: تۆت

    Devanagari script: तॊत

  • Phalura: táatu
  • Shina: taáto

    Arabic script: تاتو

    Devanagari script: ततॊ

• Gandhari: 𐨟𐨟 (tata)
• Pali: tatta
• Prakrit: 𑀢𑀢𑁆𑀢 (tatta) (see there for further descendants)

तप्त • (taptá) stem, n

1. hot water
   • c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa

• तपति (tapati)
• तपस् (tapas)

• Monier Williams (1899) “तप्त”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 437.
• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “तप्त”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan