जंगल

Hindi

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀚𑀁𑀕𑀮 (jaṃgala), from Sanskrit जङ्गल (jaṅgala, “any arid or sterile region”).[1]

Pronunciation
  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /d͡ʒəŋ.ɡəl/, [d͡ʒɐ̃ŋ.ɡɐl]
  • Audio(file)

Noun

जंगल • (jaṅgal) m (Urdu spelling جنگل)

  1. forest, woods
    Synonyms: बन (ban), वन (van)
    यह जंगल मीलों तक फैला हुआ है।
    yah jaṅgal mīlõ tak phailā huā hai.
    This forest stretches for miles.

Declension
Declension of जंगल (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct जंगल
jaṅgal		 जंगल
jaṅgal
oblique जंगल
jaṅgal		 जंगलों
jaṅgalõ
vocative जंगल
jaṅgal		 जंगलो
jaṅgalo

Descendants

References
  1. Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jāṅgala”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Further reading
  • Bahri, Hardev (1989) “जंगल”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit जङ्गल (jaṅgala, “arid, sterile, desert”).

Noun

जंगल • (jaṅgal) n

  1. jungle
    Synonym: वन (van)
  2. woods, forest

Declension
Declension of जंगल (neut cons-stem)
direct
singular		 जंगल
jaṅgal
direct
plural		 जंगले, जंगलं
jaṅgale, jaṅgla
singular
एकवचन		 plural
अनेकवचन
nominative
प्रथमा		 जंगल
jaṅgal		 जंगले, जंगलं
jaṅgale, jaṅgla
oblique
सामान्यरूप		 जंगला
jaṅgalā		 जंगलां-
jaṅgalān-
acc. / dative
द्वितीया / चतुर्थी		 जंगलाला
jaṅgalālā		 जंगलांना
jaṅgalānnā
ergative जंगलाने, जंगलानं
jaṅgalāne, jaṅgalāna		 जंगलांनी
jaṅgalānnī
instrumental जंगलाशी
jaṅgalāśī		 जंगलांशी
jaṅgalānśī
locative
सप्तमी		 जंगलात
jaṅgalāt		 जंगलांत
jaṅgalāt
vocative
संबोधन		 जंगला
jaṅgalā		 जंगलांनो
jaṅgalānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions.
There is no space between the stem and the postposition.
Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.
Genitive declension of जंगल (neut cons-stem)
masculine object
पुल्लिंगी कर्म		 feminine object
स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		 neuter object
नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		 oblique
सामान्यरूप
singular
एकवचन		 plural
अनेकवचन		 singular
एकवचन		 plural
अनेकवचन		 singular*
एकवचन		 plural
अनेकवचन
singular subject
एकवचनी कर्ता		 जंगलाचा
jaṅgalāċā		 जंगलाचे
jaṅgalāċe		 जंगलाची
jaṅgalācī		 जंगलाच्या
jaṅgalācā		 जंगलाचे, जंगलाचं
jaṅgalāċe, jaṅgalāċa		 जंगलाची
jaṅgalācī		 जंगलाच्या
jaṅgalācā
plural subject
अनेकवचनी कर्ता		 जंगलांचा
jaṅgalānċā		 जंगलांचे
jaṅgalānċe		 जंगलांची
jaṅgalāñcī		 जंगलांच्या
jaṅgalāncā		 जंगलांचे, जंगलांचं
jaṅgalānċe, jaṅgalānċa		 जंगलांची
jaṅgalāñcī		 जंगलांच्या
jaṅgalāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a).
Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

References
  • Berntsen, Maxine, “जंगल”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
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