चात्वाल

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

চাত্বাল (Assamese script)
ᬘᬵᬢ᭄ᬯᬵᬮ (Balinese script)
চাত্বাল (Bengali script)
𑰓𑰯𑰝𑰿𑰪𑰯𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀘𑀸𑀢𑁆𑀯𑀸𑀮 (Brahmi script)
စာတွာလ (Burmese script)
ચાત્વાલ (Gujarati script)
ਚਾਤ੍ਵਾਲ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌚𑌾𑌤𑍍𑌵𑌾𑌲 (Grantha script)
ꦕꦴꦠ꧀ꦮꦴꦭ (Javanese script)
𑂒𑂰𑂞𑂹𑂫𑂰𑂪 (Kaithi script)
ಚಾತ್ವಾಲ (Kannada script)
ចាត្វាល (Khmer script)
ຈາຕ຺ວາລ (Lao script)
ചാത്വാല (Malayalam script)
ᢜᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢠᠣᠸᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘓𑘰𑘝𑘿𑘪𑘰𑘩 (Modi script)
ᢋᠠᢗᢐᢦ᠎ᠠᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑦳𑧑𑦽𑧠𑧊𑧑𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
𑐔𑐵𑐟𑑂𑐰𑐵𑐮 (Newa script)
ଚାତ୍ଵାଲ (Odia script)
ꢗꢵꢡ꣄ꢮꢵꢭ (Saurashtra script)
𑆖𑆳𑆠𑇀𑆮𑆳𑆬 (Sharada script)
𑖓𑖯𑖝𑖿𑖪𑖯𑖩 (Siddham script)
චාත්‍වාල (Sinhalese script)
𑩡𑩛𑩫 𑪙𑩾𑩛𑩽 (Soyombo script)
𑚏𑚭𑚙𑚶𑚦𑚭𑚥 (Takri script)
சாத்வால (Tamil script)
చాత్వాల (Telugu script)
จาตฺวาล (Thai script)
ཙཱ་ཏྭཱ་ལ (Tibetan script)
𑒔𑒰𑒞𑓂𑒫𑒰𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
𑨣𑨊𑨙𑩇𑨭𑨊𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From an early derived form of Proto-Indo-Iranian *kanH- (“to dig”) + a suffix *आल (āla) of uncertain origin. Compare Avestan 𐬗𐬁𐬝 (cāt̰, “a well pit”), Bactrian σαδο (sado, “a well”), Persian (čâl, “pit, hole”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕɑːt.ʋɑː.lɐ/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕɑːt̪ˈʋɑː.l̪ɐ/

Noun

चात्वाल • (cātvāla) stem, m or n

a hole in the ground for constructing the Uttaravedi; a trench supplying the earth for the northern alter; a hole in the ground to receive an oblation or the sacred fire
Kusa grass

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of चात्वाल (cātvāla)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	चात्वालः cātvālaḥ	चात्वालौ / चात्वाला¹ cātvālau / cātvālā¹	चात्वालाः / चात्वालासः¹ cātvālāḥ / cātvālāsaḥ¹
Vocative	चात्वाल cātvāla	चात्वालौ / चात्वाला¹ cātvālau / cātvālā¹	चात्वालाः / चात्वालासः¹ cātvālāḥ / cātvālāsaḥ¹
Accusative	चात्वालम् cātvālam	चात्वालौ / चात्वाला¹ cātvālau / cātvālā¹	चात्वालान् cātvālān
Instrumental	चात्वालेन cātvālena	चात्वालाभ्याम् cātvālābhyām	चात्वालैः / चात्वालेभिः¹ cātvālaiḥ / cātvālebhiḥ¹
Dative	चात्वालाय cātvālāya	चात्वालाभ्याम् cātvālābhyām	चात्वालेभ्यः cātvālebhyaḥ
Ablative	चात्वालात् cātvālāt	चात्वालाभ्याम् cātvālābhyām	चात्वालेभ्यः cātvālebhyaḥ
Genitive	चात्वालस्य cātvālasya	चात्वालयोः cātvālayoḥ	चात्वालानाम् cātvālānām
Locative	चात्वाले cātvāle	चात्वालयोः cātvālayoḥ	चात्वालेषु cātvāleṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Neuter a-stem declension of चात्वाल (cātvāla)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	चात्वालम् cātvālam	चात्वाले cātvāle	चात्वालानि / चात्वाला¹ cātvālāni / cātvālā¹
Vocative	चात्वाल cātvāla	चात्वाले cātvāle	चात्वालानि / चात्वाला¹ cātvālāni / cātvālā¹
Accusative	चात्वालम् cātvālam	चात्वाले cātvāle	चात्वालानि / चात्वाला¹ cātvālāni / cātvālā¹
Instrumental	चात्वालेन cātvālena	चात्वालाभ्याम् cātvālābhyām	चात्वालैः / चात्वालेभिः¹ cātvālaiḥ / cātvālebhiḥ¹
Dative	चात्वालाय cātvālāya	चात्वालाभ्याम् cātvālābhyām	चात्वालेभ्यः cātvālebhyaḥ
Ablative	चात्वालात् cātvālāt	चात्वालाभ्याम् cātvālābhyām	चात्वालेभ्यः cātvālebhyaḥ
Genitive	चात्वालस्य cātvālasya	चात्वालयोः cātvālayoḥ	चात्वालानाम् cātvālānām
Locative	चात्वाले cātvāle	चात्वालयोः cātvālayoḥ	चात्वालेषु cātvāleṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

References

Monier Williams (1899) “चात्वाल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 392/3.
Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “चात्वाल”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “चात्वाल”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 539-40
Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 252

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