ग्राम

Hindi

Pronunciation

  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ɡɾɑːm/, [ɡɾä̃ːm]

Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit ग्राम (grāma).

Noun

ग्राम • (grām) m (Urdu spelling گرام)

  1. village
    Synonym: गाँव (gā̃v)
Declension

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English gram.

Noun

ग्राम • (grām) m (Urdu spelling گرام)

  1. gramme
Declension

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *grā́mas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *grā́mas, from Proto-Indo-European *(h₂)gróm-os, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ger- (to assemble, gather together). Cognate with Middle Persian [script needed] (grāmag, property, wealth).

Pronunciation

Noun

ग्राम • (grāma) stem, m

  1. an inhabited place, village, hamlet, settlement
  2. the collective inhabitants of place, community, race
  3. any number of men associated together, multitude, troop (especially of soldiers)
  4. the old women of a family
  5. a multitude, class, collection, number
  6. a number of tones, scale, gamut
  7. indriya
  8. inhabitants, people

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of ग्राम (grā́ma)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ग्रामः
grā́maḥ
ग्रामौ / ग्रामा¹
grā́mau / grā́mā¹
ग्रामाः / ग्रामासः¹
grā́māḥ / grā́māsaḥ¹
Vocative ग्राम
grā́ma
ग्रामौ / ग्रामा¹
grā́mau / grā́mā¹
ग्रामाः / ग्रामासः¹
grā́māḥ / grā́māsaḥ¹
Accusative ग्रामम्
grā́mam
ग्रामौ / ग्रामा¹
grā́mau / grā́mā¹
ग्रामान्
grā́mān
Instrumental ग्रामेण
grā́meṇa
ग्रामाभ्याम्
grā́mābhyām
ग्रामैः / ग्रामेभिः¹
grā́maiḥ / grā́mebhiḥ¹
Dative ग्रामाय
grā́māya
ग्रामाभ्याम्
grā́mābhyām
ग्रामेभ्यः
grā́mebhyaḥ
Ablative ग्रामात्
grā́māt
ग्रामाभ्याम्
grā́mābhyām
ग्रामेभ्यः
grā́mebhyaḥ
Genitive ग्रामस्य
grā́masya
ग्रामयोः
grā́mayoḥ
ग्रामाणाम्
grā́māṇām
Locative ग्रामे
grā́me
ग्रामयोः
grā́mayoḥ
ग्रामेषु
grā́meṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Noun

ग्राम • (grāma) stem, n

  1. village
  2. flock

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of ग्राम (grāma)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ग्रामम्
grāmam
ग्रामे
grāme
ग्रामाणि / ग्रामा¹
grāmāṇi / grāmā¹
Vocative ग्राम
grāma
ग्रामे
grāme
ग्रामाणि / ग्रामा¹
grāmāṇi / grāmā¹
Accusative ग्रामम्
grāmam
ग्रामे
grāme
ग्रामाणि / ग्रामा¹
grāmāṇi / grāmā¹
Instrumental ग्रामेण
grāmeṇa
ग्रामाभ्याम्
grāmābhyām
ग्रामैः / ग्रामेभिः¹
grāmaiḥ / grāmebhiḥ¹
Dative ग्रामाय
grāmāya
ग्रामाभ्याम्
grāmābhyām
ग्रामेभ्यः
grāmebhyaḥ
Ablative ग्रामात्
grāmāt
ग्रामाभ्याम्
grāmābhyām
ग्रामेभ्यः
grāmebhyaḥ
Genitive ग्रामस्य
grāmasya
ग्रामयोः
grāmayoḥ
ग्रामाणाम्
grāmāṇām
Locative ग्रामे
grāme
ग्रामयोः
grāmayoḥ
ग्रामेषु
grāmeṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants

  • Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀕𑀸𑀫 (gāma)
    • Prakrit: 𑀕𑀸𑀫 (gāma) (see there for further descendants)
  • Dardic:
    • Dameli: [script needed] (gram)
    • Gawar-Bati: [script needed] (lām)
    • Grangali: [script needed] (lām)
    • Indus Kohistani: [script needed] (gā̃)
    • Kalami: [script needed] (lām)
    • Kalasha: grom
    • Khowar: [script needed] (gram) (in compounds)
    • Kashmiri: گام (gām)
    • Northeast Pashayi: [script needed] (lāma)
    • Phalura: [script needed] (grōm)
    • Savi: [script needed] (grām)
    • Shina: [script needed] (gām)
    • Shumashti: [script needed] (lām)
    • Southeast Pashayi: [script needed] (lām)
    • Torwali: [script needed] (gām)
    • Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (gām)
  • Pali: gāma
  • Tamil: கிராமம் (kirāmam)
  • Assamese: গ্ৰাম (gram) (learned)
  • Bengali: গ্রাম (gram) (learned)
  • Hindi: ग्राम (grām) (learned)
  • Kannada: ಗ್ರಾಮ (grāma) (learned)
  • Marathi: ग्राम (grām) (learned)
  • Punjabi: ਗਰਾਮ (garām) (learned)
  • Telugu: గ్రామము (grāmamu) (learned)
  • Bengali: গেরাম (geram) (semi-learned)
  • Sylheti: ꠉꠦꠞꠣꠝ (geram) (semi-learned)

References

  • Monier Williams (1899) “ग्राम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0373/1.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 507-508
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “grāˊma”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
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