गाथा

See also: गाथ and गूथ

Pali

Alternative forms

gāthā (Latin script)
𑀕𑀸𑀣𑀸 (Brahmi script)
গাথা (Bengali script)
ගාථා (Sinhalese script)
ဂါထာ or ၷႃထႃ (Burmese script)
คาถา (Thai script)
ᨣᩤᨳᩣ (Tai Tham script)
ຄາຖາ (Lao script)
គាថា (Khmer script)
𑄉𑄂𑄗𑄂 (Chakma script)

Noun

गाथा f

Devanagari script form of gāthā

Declension

Declension table of "गाथा" (feminine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	गाथा (gāthā)	गाथायो (gāthāyo) or गाथा (gāthā)
Accusative (second)	गाथं (gāthaṃ)	गाथायो (gāthāyo) or गाथा (gāthā)
Instrumental (third)	गाथाय (gāthāya)	गाथाहि (gāthāhi) or गाथाभि (gāthābhi)
Dative (fourth)	गाथाय (gāthāya)	गाथानं (gāthānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	गाथाय (gāthāya)	गाथाहि (gāthāhi) or गाथाभि (gāthābhi)
Genitive (sixth)	गाथाय (gāthāya)	गाथानं (gāthānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	गाथाय (gāthāya) or गाथायं (gāthāyaṃ)	गाथासु (gāthāsu)
Vocative (calling)	गाथे (gāthe)	गाथायो (gāthāyo) or गाथा (gāthā)

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

गाथ (gāthá)

Alternative scripts

গাথা (Assamese script)
ᬕᬵᬣᬵ (Balinese script)
গাথা (Bengali script)
𑰐𑰯𑰞𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀕𑀸𑀣𑀸 (Brahmi script)
ဂါထာ (Burmese script)
ગાથા (Gujarati script)
ਗਾਥਾ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌗𑌾𑌥𑌾 (Grantha script)
ꦒꦴꦡꦴ (Javanese script)
𑂏𑂰𑂟𑂰 (Kaithi script)
ಗಾಥಾ (Kannada script)
គាថា (Khmer script)
ຄາຖາ (Lao script)
ഗാഥാ (Malayalam script)
ᡤᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡨᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
𑘐𑘰𑘞𑘰 (Modi script)
ᠺᠠᢗᠲᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
𑦰𑧑𑦾𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
𑐐𑐵𑐠𑐵 (Newa script)
ଗାଥା (Odia script)
ꢔꢵꢢꢵ (Saurashtra script)
𑆓𑆳𑆡𑆳 (Sharada script)
𑖐𑖯𑖞𑖯 (Siddham script)
ගාථා (Sinhalese script)
𑩞𑩛𑩬𑩛 (Soyombo script)
𑚌𑚭𑚚𑚭 (Takri script)
க³ாத²ா (Tamil script)
గాథా (Telugu script)
คาถา (Thai script)
གཱ་ཐཱ (Tibetan script)
𑒑𑒰𑒟𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
𑨍𑨊𑨚𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gaHtʰáH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gaHtʰáH. Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬁𐬚𐬁 (gāθā, “form of strophe, metre, namely the collections of Zarathustra's songs”). The same PII root *gaH- gave the Sanskrit verb गायति (√gāi, “to sing”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɑː.tʰɑ́ː/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɑː.t̪ʰɑː/

Noun

गाथा • (gāthā́) stem, f

verse, stanza (especially one which is neither ऋच् (ṛc), nor सामन् (sāman), nor यजुस् (yajus), a verse not belonging to the Vedas, but to the epic poetry of legends or आख्यान (ākhyāna)s, such as the Śunaḥśepa-ākhyāna or the Suparṇādhyāya)
the metrical part of a sūtra
name of the āryā metre
any metre not enumerated in the regular treatises on prosody (compare ऋग्गाथा (ṛg-gāthā), रिजुगाथ (riju-gātha), यज्ञगाथा (yajña-gāthā))

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of गाथा (gāthā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गाथा gāthā́	गाथे gāthé	गाथाः gāthā́ḥ
Vocative	गाथे gā́the	गाथे gā́the	गाथाः gā́thāḥ
Accusative	गाथाम् gāthā́m	गाथे gāthé	गाथाः gāthā́ḥ
Instrumental	गाथया / गाथा¹ gātháyā / gāthā́¹	गाथाभ्याम् gāthā́bhyām	गाथाभिः gāthā́bhiḥ
Dative	गाथायै gāthā́yai	गाथाभ्याम् gāthā́bhyām	गाथाभ्यः gāthā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	गाथायाः / गाथायै² gāthā́yāḥ / gāthā́yai²	गाथाभ्याम् gāthā́bhyām	गाथाभ्यः gāthā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	गाथायाः / गाथायै² gāthā́yāḥ / gāthā́yai²	गाथयोः gātháyoḥ	गाथानाम् gāthā́nām
Locative	गाथायाम् gāthā́yām	गाथयोः gātháyoḥ	गाथासु gāthā́su
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Related terms

गाथ (gāthá)
गाथिन् (gāthín)

Descendants

Assamese: গাথা (gatha)
Bengali: গাথা (gatha)
→ Malayalam: ഗാഥ (gātha)
Kalasha: ghọ̃
Marathi: गाथा (gāthā)
Odia: ଗାଥା (gatha)
Pali: gāthā
→ Telugu: గాథ (gātha)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “गाथा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0352.

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