गर्भ

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गर्भ (garbha). Doublet of गाभ (gābh, “pregnancy in animals”)

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ɡəɾbʱ/, [ɡɐɾbʱ]

गर्भ • (garbh) m (Urdu spelling گربھ)

1. womb

• गर्भावस्था (garbhāvasthā)
• गर्भवती (garbhavtī)
• गर्भिणी (garbhiṇī)
• गर्भनली (garbhanlī)
• गर्भपात (garbhapāt)

• गर्भाशय (garbhāśay)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gárbʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷólbʰ-o-s, from *gʷelbʰ- (“womb”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬡𐬀 (gar^əβa), Ancient Greek δελφύς (delphús, “womb”).

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɐ́ɾ.bʱɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɐɾ.bʱɐ/

गर्भ • (gárbha) stem, m

1. the womb
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 4.27.1:

     गर्भे॒ नु सन्नन्वे॑षामवेदम॒हं दे॒वानां॒ जनि॑मानि॒ विश्वा॑।
     श॒तं मा॒ पुर॒ आय॑सीररक्ष॒न्नध॑ श्ये॒नो ज॒वसा॒ निर॑दीयम्॥

     gárbhe nú sánnánveṣāmavedamaháṃ devā́nāṃ jánimāni víśvā.
     śatáṃ mā púra ā́yasīrarakṣannádha śyenó javásā níradīyam.

     Being still in the womb, I have known all the births of these divinities in their order; a hundred bodies of metal confined me, but as a hawk I came forth with speed.

2. fetus, embryo
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 3.29.2:

     अ॒रण्यो॒र्निहि॑तो जा॒तवे॑दा॒ गर्भ॑ इव॒ सुधि॑तो ग॒र्भिणी॑षु।
     दि॒वेदि॑व॒ ईड्यो॑ जागृ॒वद्भि॑र्ह॒विष्म॑द्भिर्मनु॒ष्ये॑भिर॒ग्निः॥

     aráṇyorníhito jātávedā gárbha iva súdhito garbhíṇīṣu.
     divédiva ī́ḍyo jāgṛvádbhirhavíṣmadbhirmanuṣyèbhiragníḥ.

     Jātavedas has been deposited in the two sticks as the embryo is deposited in pregnant women; Agni is to be adored day by day by vigilant men laden with oblations.

3. child, offspring, brood (especially of birds)
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.73.2:

     अभीवृतेव ता महापदेन ध्वान्तात्प्रपित्वादुदरन्त गर्भाः॥

     abhī́vṛteva tā́ mahāpadéna dhvāntā́tprapitvā́dúdaranta gárbhāḥ.

     As if encompassed by the Mighty-footed, from darkness, near at hand, forth came the Children.

4. the inside, middle or interior of anything
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

• गर्भिणी (garbhíṇī, “pregnant”)
• सगर्भ्य (ságarbhya, “full-blooded brother”)
• आकाशगर्भ (ākāśagarbha)

• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀩𑁆𑀪 (gabbha)
  • Old Marathi: 𑘐𑘰𑘥 (gābha)
• ⇒ Maharastri Prakrit: *𑀕𑀩𑁆𑀪-𑀅 (*gabbha-a)
  • Old Marathi:

    Devanagari script: गाभा (gābhā)

    Modi script: 𑘐𑘰𑘥𑘰 (gābhā)

    • Marathi: गाभा (gābhā)
• Paisaci Prakrit:
  • Punjabi: ਗੱਭ (gabbha, “middle”)
• Pali: gabbha
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀩𑁆𑀪 (gabbha)
  • Hindi: गाभ (gābh, “pregnancy in animals”)
• → Hindi: गर्भ (garbh)
• → Kannada: ಗರ್ಭ (garbha)
• → Khmer: គភ៌ (kɔə)
• → Lao: ຄັນ (khan)
• → Malayalam: ഗർഭം (gaṟbhaṁ)
• → Tamil: கருப்பம் (karuppam)
• → Telugu: గర్భము (garbhamu)
• → Thai: ครรภ์ (kan)

• “ग॑भ” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 150, column 1.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “गर्भ”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 083
• Monier Williams (1899) “गर्भ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 349, column 2.
• Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 284