गर्जति
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- গৰ্জতি (Assamese script)
- ᬕᬃᬚᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
- গর্জতি (Bengali script)
- 𑰐𑰨𑰿𑰕𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀕𑀭𑁆𑀚𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
- ဂရ်္ဇတိ (Burmese script)
- ગર્જતિ (Gujarati script)
- ਗਰ੍ਜਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌗𑌰𑍍𑌜𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
- ꦒꦂꦗꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
- 𑂏𑂩𑂹𑂔𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
- ಗರ್ಜತಿ (Kannada script)
- គជ៌តិ (Khmer script)
- ຄຣ຺ຊຕິ (Lao script)
- ഗര്ജതി (Malayalam script)
- ᡤᠠᡵᡯᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘐𑘨𑘿𑘕𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
- ᠺᠠᠷᠽᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦰𑧈𑧠𑦵𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐐𑐬𑑂𑐖𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
- ଗର୍ଜତି (Odia script)
- ꢔꢬ꣄ꢙꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆓𑆫𑇀𑆘𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
- 𑖐𑖨𑖿𑖕𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
- ගර්ජති (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩞𑩼 𑪙𑩣𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚌𑚤𑚶𑚑𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
- க³ர்ஜதி (Tamil script)
- గర్జతి (Telugu script)
- ครฺชติ (Thai script)
- ག་རྫ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
- 𑒑𑒩𑓂𑒖𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨍𑨫𑩇𑨥𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gárȷ́ati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gárǰati, from Proto-Indo-European *gérh₂-ge-ti, from *gerh₂- (“to cry hoarsely”). Cognate with Lithuanian gìrgždėti (“to creak, squeak”), Old English cracian (whence English crack).
Verb
गर्जति • (gárjati) third-singular present indicative (root गर्ज्, class 1, type P)
Conjugation
Present: गर्जति (gárjati), गर्जते (gárjate) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active | Mediopassive | |||||
Singular | Dual | Plural | Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Indicative | ||||||
Third | गर्जति gárjati |
गर्जतः gárjataḥ |
गर्जन्ति gárjanti |
गर्जते gárjate |
गर्जेते gárjete |
गर्जन्ते gárjante |
Second | गर्जसि gárjasi |
गर्जथः gárjathaḥ |
गर्जथ gárjatha |
गर्जसे gárjase |
गर्जेथे gárjethe |
गर्जध्वे gárjadhve |
First | गर्जामि gárjāmi |
गर्जावः gárjāvaḥ |
गर्जामः gárjāmaḥ |
गर्जे gárje |
गर्जावहे gárjāvahe |
गर्जामहे gárjāmahe |
Imperative | ||||||
Third | गर्जतु gárjatu |
गर्जताम् gárjatām |
गर्जन्तु gárjantu |
गर्जताम् gárjatām |
गर्जेताम् gárjetām |
गर्जन्ताम् gárjantām |
Second | गर्ज gárja |
गर्जतम् gárjatam |
गर्जत gárjata |
गर्जस्व gárjasva |
गर्जेथाम् gárjethām |
गर्जध्वम् gárjadhvam |
First | गर्जानि gárjāni |
गर्जाव gárjāva |
गर्जाम gárjāma |
गर्जै gárjai |
गर्जावहै gárjāvahai |
गर्जामहै gárjāmahai |
Optative/Potential | ||||||
Third | गर्जेत् gárjet |
गर्जेताम् gárjetām |
गर्जेयुः gárjeyuḥ |
गर्जेत gárjeta |
गर्जेयाताम् gárjeyātām |
गर्जेरन् gárjeran |
Second | गर्जेः gárjeḥ |
गर्जेतम् gárjetam |
गर्जेत gárjeta |
गर्जेथाः gárjethāḥ |
गर्जेयाथाम् gárjeyāthām |
गर्जेध्वम् gárjedhvam |
First | गर्जेयम् gárjeyam |
गर्जेव gárjeva |
गर्जेम gárjema |
गर्जेय gárjeya |
गर्जेवहि gárjevahi |
गर्जेमहि gárjemahi |
Participles | ||||||
गर्जत् gárjat |
गर्जमान gárjamāna |
Descendants
- Magadhi Prakrit:
- Assamese: গাজ (gaz)
- Odia: ଗାଜିବା (gajiba)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀇 (gajjaï)
- Paisaci Prakrit:
- Takka Apabhramsa:
- Punjabi:
- Gurmukhi script: ਗੱਜਣਾ (gajjaṇā)
- Shahmukhi script: گَجّݨا (gajjṇā)
- Punjabi:
- Vracada Apabhramsa:
- Sindhi:
- Arabic script: گَجَڻُ
- Devanagari script: गजणु
- Sindhi:
- Takka Apabhramsa:
- Pali: gajjati
- Sauraseni Prakrit:
- Gurjar Apabhramsa:
- Old Gujarati:
- Gujarati: ગાજવું (gājvũ)
- Old Gujarati:
- Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
- Old Hindi:
- Hindustani:
- Hindi: गाजना (gājnā)
- Urdu: گَاجْنَا (gājnā)
- Hindustani:
- Old Hindi:
- Gurjar Apabhramsa:
- ⇒ Gujarati: ગરજવું (garajvũ)
- ⇒ Hindustani:
- ⇒ Maithili:
- Devanagari script: गरजब (garᵊjab)
- Tirhuta script: 𑒑𑒩𑒖𑒥 (garajaba)
- ⇒ Old Marathi:
- Devanagari script: गर्जणे (garjaṇe)
- Modi script: 𑘐𑘨𑘿𑘕𑘜𑘹 (garjaṇe)
- Marathi: गरजणे (garajṇe)
- ⇒ Punjabi:
- Gurmukhi script: ਗਰਜਣਾ (garjaṇā)
- Shahmukhi script: گَرجݨا (garjṇā)
Further reading
- Monier Williams (1899) “गर्जति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 349, column 1.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “gárjati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
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