ܚܐܪܘܬܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

From ܚܹܐܪܵܐ (ḥērā, “free”) + the abstract noun ending -ܘܬܐ (-utā).

Pronunciation
  • (standard) IPA(key): [xiːruːtɑː]
  • (Nineveh Plains) IPA(key): [ħeːruːθɑː]

Noun

ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܵܐ • (ḥērūtā) f (plural ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܹܐ (ḥērwātē))

  1. freedom, liberty, free will
    ܐܝܼܬ ܠܲܢ ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܵܐ ܓܵܘ ܕܐܵܗܵܐ ܐܲܬܪܵܐ
    ītlan ḥērutā gāw d-āhā atrā.
    We have freedom in this country.
  2. (figuratively) nobility, good breeding

Declension
Inflection of ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܵܐ (ḥērūtā)
number isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f
singular absolute – 1st person ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܝܼ
(ḥērūtī)		 ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܲܢ
(ḥērūtan)
construct ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬ
(ḥērūt)		 2nd person ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܘܼܟ݂
(ḥērūtūḵ)		 ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܵܟ݂ܝ
(ḥērūtāḵ)		 ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(ḥērūtāwḵōn)
emphatic ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܵܐ
(ḥērūtā)		 3rd person ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܹܗ
(ḥērūtēh)		 ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܘܿܗ̇
(ḥērūtōh)		 ܚܹܐܪܘܼܬܗܘܿܢ
(ḥēruthōn)
plural absolute – 1st person ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܝܼ
(ḥērwātī)		 ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܲܢ
(ḥērwātan)
construct ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܼܬܲܝ
(ḥērūtay)		 2nd person ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܘܼܟ݂
(ḥērwātūḵ)		 ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܵܟ݂ܝ
(ḥērwātāḵ)		 ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(ḥērwātāwḵōn)
emphatic ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܹܐ
(ḥērwātē)		 3rd person ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܘܼܗܝ
(ḥērwātūh)		 ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܘܿܗ̇
(ḥērwātōh)		 ܚܹܐܪ̈ܘܵܬܗܘܿܢ
(ḥērwāthōn)

Antonyms

Classical Syriac

Alternative forms

Etymology

From the root ܚ-ܪ (ḥ-r) related to freedom. Compare Arabic حُرِّيَّة (ḥurriyya) and Hebrew חֵרוּת (ḥērûṯ).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ħe(ʔ)ruθɑ]

Noun

ܚܐܪܘܬܐ • (ḥērūṯā) f (uncountable)

  1. liberty, freedom, free will
  2. (figuratively) nobility, good breeding
  3. generosity, good manners, politeness
  4. continence

Inflection
    declension of ܚܐܪܘܬܐ
state singular (uncountable)
absolute ܚܐܪܘ
construct ܚܐܪܘܬ
emphatic ܚܐܪܘܬܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my) ܚܐܪܘܬܝ
2nd m. sg. (your) ܚܐܪܘܬܟ
2nd f. sg. (your) ܚܐܪܘܬܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his) ܚܐܪܘܬܗ
3rd f. sg. (her) ܚܐܪܘܬܗ
1st c. pl. (our) ܚܐܪܘܬܢ
2nd m. pl. (your) ܚܐܪܘܬܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your) ܚܐܪܘܬܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their) ܚܐܪܘܬܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their) ܚܐܪܘܬܗܝܢ

Antonyms

References
  • “ḥyryw”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 115a
  • Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 122a
  • Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 403a
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