گرسنه
Persian
Etymology
Seemingly inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (gwlsk /gursag/, “hungry”), but the correspondence is irregular.[1] Apparently influenced by (and probably from the same origin as) the synonym Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (gwšnk' /gušnag/, “hungry”), which is the source for the regular modern colloquial word گشنه (gošne, “hungry”).
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ɡu.ɾus.ˈna]
- (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [ɡʊ.ɾɪs.nǽ]
- (Kabuli) IPA(key): [ɡʊʃ.nǽ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [ɡu.ɾis.nǽ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ɡ̥o.ɹos.né]
- (Tehrani) IPA(key): [ɡ̥oʃ.né]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ɡu.ɾus.nǽ]
| Readings | |
|---|---|
| Classical reading? | gurusna |
| Dari reading? | gurisna |
| Iranian reading? | gorosne |
| Tajik reading? | gurusna |
Adjective
| Dari | گرسنه |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | |
| Tajik | гурусна |
گُرُسنه • (gorosne) (comparative گُرُسنهتَر (gorosne-tar), superlative گُرُسنهتَرین (gorosne-tarin))
- (literary) hungry
- گرسنه هستم. (literary) ― gorosne hastam. ― I am hungry.
- گشنمه. (colloquial Iranian) ― gošna-m-e. ― I'm hungry.
Usage notes
- گشنه (gošne), which is actually from a different Middle Persian word, is used colloquially in both Iran and Afghanistan. However, گشنه (gošne) is usually considered the colloquial form of گرسنه (gorosne) rather than a different word.
Derived terms
- گرسنگی (gorosnegi, “hunger”)
References
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “gursag”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
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