پرخاش

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian (perhâš, “combat, fight”).

Noun

پرخاش • (perhaş)

fight, dispute, combat, melee
Synonyms: جنك (cenk), صاواش (savaş)
quarrel, altercation, heated argument
Synonyms: چكیش (çekiş), غوغا (ğavğa), نزاع (nizaʿ)

Derived terms

پرخاشجو (perhaşcu, “pugnacious”)
پرخاشجی (perhaşcı, “pugnacious man”)

Descendants

Turkish: perhaş

Further reading

Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “perhaş”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3827
Kélékian, Diran (1911) “پرخاش”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎, Constantinople: Mihran, page 318
Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “پرخاش”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 758
Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “perçin”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Redhouse, James W. (1890) “پرخاش”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 440

Persian

Etymology

From a prefixed form of Proto-Iranian *xāz- (“to fight; to struggle”).[1]

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [paɾ.ˈxɑːʃ]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰäɾ.xɑ́ːʃ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [pʰäɾ.xɑ́ːʃ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [pʰäɾ.xɔ́ːʃ]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰæɹ.xɒ́ːʃ]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [pʰäɾ.χɔ́ʃ]

Readings
Classical reading^?	parxāš
Dari reading^?	parxāš
Iranian reading^?	parxâš
Tajik reading^?	parxoš

Noun

پرخاش • (parxâš)

(verbal) quarrel, dispute, argument
Synonyms: جدال (jedâl), مجادله (mojâdele)
(obsolete) battle
Synonyms: جنگ (jang), نبرد (nabard), رزم (razm)
- c. 1011, Abu'l-Qāsim Firdawsī, “The Tale of Rustam and Isfandiyār”, in شاهنامه [Book of Kings]‎:
  به تنها تن خویش جستم نبرد
  به پرخاش تیمار من کس نخورد
  ba tanhā tan-i xwēš justam nabard
  ba parxāš tēmār⁠-i man kas na-xward
  I sought out battle by myself,
  Nobody shared my grief in the fight.
  (Classical Persian romanization)

Descendants

→ Gujarati: પરખાશ (parkhāś)

References

Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 445

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