نذر
Arabic
Etymology 1
Root |
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ن ذ ر (n-ḏ-r) |
Akin to Aramaic נִדְרָא (niḏrā), Classical Syriac ܢܕܪܐ (neḏrā), Hebrew נֶדֶר (néḏer), Punic 𐤍𐤃𐤓 (ndr) and Ugaritic 𐎐𐎄𐎗 (ndr). It is argued that the sense vow is influenced from Jewish and Christian usage in Aramaic and Hebrew, the sense of “warning” as in أَنْذَرَ (ʔanḏara) and its verbal noun نُذُر (nuḏur) being more particular to Arabic, so the original meaning of the base stem needs to have been “to take heed”.
Conjugation
verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
naḏr or nuḏūr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
نَاذِر nāḏir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَنْذُور manḏūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | naḏartu |
naḏarta |
naḏara |
نَذَرْتُمَا naḏartumā |
نَذَرَا naḏarā |
naḏarnā |
naḏartum |
naḏarū | |||
f | naḏarti |
naḏarat |
نَذَرَتَا naḏaratā |
naḏartunna |
naḏarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔanḏuru or ʔanḏiru |
tanḏuru or tanḏiru |
yanḏuru or yanḏiru |
تَنْذُرَانِ or تَنْذِرَانِ tanḏurāni or tanḏirāni |
يَنْذُرَانِ or يَنْذِرَانِ yanḏurāni or yanḏirāni |
nanḏuru or nanḏiru |
tanḏurūna or tanḏirūna |
yanḏurūna or yanḏirūna | |||
f | tanḏurīna or tanḏirīna |
tanḏuru or tanḏiru |
تَنْذُرَانِ or تَنْذِرَانِ tanḏurāni or tanḏirāni |
tanḏurna or tanḏirna |
yanḏurna or yanḏirna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔanḏura or ʔanḏira |
tanḏura or tanḏira |
yanḏura or yanḏira |
تَنْذُرَا or تَنْذِرَا tanḏurā or tanḏirā |
يَنْذُرَا or يَنْذِرَا yanḏurā or yanḏirā |
nanḏura or nanḏira |
tanḏurū or tanḏirū |
yanḏurū or yanḏirū | |||
f | tanḏurī or tanḏirī |
tanḏura or tanḏira |
تَنْذُرَا or تَنْذِرَا tanḏurā or tanḏirā |
tanḏurna or tanḏirna |
yanḏurna or yanḏirna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔanḏur or ʔanḏir |
tanḏur or tanḏir |
yanḏur or yanḏir |
تَنْذُرَا or تَنْذِرَا tanḏurā or tanḏirā |
يَنْذُرَا or يَنْذِرَا yanḏurā or yanḏirā |
nanḏur or nanḏir |
tanḏurū or tanḏirū |
yanḏurū or yanḏirū | |||
f | tanḏurī or tanḏirī |
tanḏur or tanḏir |
تَنْذُرَا or تَنْذِرَا tanḏurā or tanḏirā |
tanḏurna or tanḏirna |
yanḏurna or yanḏirna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | unḏur or inḏir |
اُنْذُرَا or اِنْذِرَا unḏurā or inḏirā |
unḏurū or inḏirū |
||||||||
f | unḏurī or inḏirī |
unḏurna or inḏirna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | nuḏirtu |
nuḏirta |
nuḏira |
نُذِرْتُمَا nuḏirtumā |
نُذِرَا nuḏirā |
nuḏirnā |
nuḏirtum |
nuḏirū | |||
f | nuḏirti |
nuḏirat |
نُذِرَتَا nuḏiratā |
nuḏirtunna |
nuḏirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔunḏaru |
tunḏaru |
yunḏaru |
تُنْذَرَانِ tunḏarāni |
يُنْذَرَانِ yunḏarāni |
nunḏaru |
tunḏarūna |
yunḏarūna | |||
f | tunḏarīna |
tunḏaru |
تُنْذَرَانِ tunḏarāni |
tunḏarna |
yunḏarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔunḏara |
tunḏara |
yunḏara |
تُنْذَرَا tunḏarā |
يُنْذَرَا yunḏarā |
nunḏara |
tunḏarū |
yunḏarū | |||
f | tunḏarī |
tunḏara |
تُنْذَرَا tunḏarā |
tunḏarna |
yunḏarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔunḏar |
tunḏar |
yunḏar |
تُنْذَرَا tunḏarā |
يُنْذَرَا yunḏarā |
nunḏar |
tunḏarū |
yunḏarū | |||
f | tunḏarī |
tunḏar |
تُنْذَرَا tunḏarā |
tunḏarna |
yunḏarna |
Verb
نَذِرَ • (naḏira) I, non-past يَنْذَرُ (yanḏaru)
- to see the danger, to see through the intentions of an enemy and be on one's guard
Conjugation
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
naḏar | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
نَاذِر nāḏir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَنْذُور manḏūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | naḏirtu |
naḏirta |
naḏira |
نَذِرْتُمَا naḏirtumā |
نَذِرَا naḏirā |
naḏirnā |
naḏirtum |
naḏirū | |||
f | naḏirti |
naḏirat |
نَذِرَتَا naḏiratā |
naḏirtunna |
naḏirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔanḏaru |
tanḏaru |
yanḏaru |
تَنْذَرَانِ tanḏarāni |
يَنْذَرَانِ yanḏarāni |
nanḏaru |
tanḏarūna |
yanḏarūna | |||
f | tanḏarīna |
tanḏaru |
تَنْذَرَانِ tanḏarāni |
tanḏarna |
yanḏarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔanḏara |
tanḏara |
yanḏara |
تَنْذَرَا tanḏarā |
يَنْذَرَا yanḏarā |
nanḏara |
tanḏarū |
yanḏarū | |||
f | tanḏarī |
tanḏara |
تَنْذَرَا tanḏarā |
tanḏarna |
yanḏarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔanḏar |
tanḏar |
yanḏar |
تَنْذَرَا tanḏarā |
يَنْذَرَا yanḏarā |
nanḏar |
tanḏarū |
yanḏarū | |||
f | tanḏarī |
tanḏar |
تَنْذَرَا tanḏarā |
tanḏarna |
yanḏarna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | inḏar |
اِنْذَرَا inḏarā |
inḏarū |
||||||||
f | inḏarī |
inḏarna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | nuḏira |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | — | — | yunḏaru |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | yunḏara |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | yunḏar |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — |
Verb
نَذَّرَ • (naḏḏara) II, non-past يُنَذِّرُ (yunaḏḏiru)
Conjugation
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
tanḏīr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
مُنَذِّر munaḏḏir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مُنَذَّر munaḏḏar | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | naḏḏartu |
naḏḏarta |
naḏḏara |
نَذَّرْتُمَا naḏḏartumā |
نَذَّرَا naḏḏarā |
naḏḏarnā |
naḏḏartum |
naḏḏarū | |||
f | naḏḏarti |
naḏḏarat |
نَذَّرَتَا naḏḏaratā |
naḏḏartunna |
naḏḏarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔunaḏḏiru |
tunaḏḏiru |
yunaḏḏiru |
تُنَذِّرَانِ tunaḏḏirāni |
يُنَذِّرَانِ yunaḏḏirāni |
nunaḏḏiru |
tunaḏḏirūna |
yunaḏḏirūna | |||
f | tunaḏḏirīna |
tunaḏḏiru |
تُنَذِّرَانِ tunaḏḏirāni |
tunaḏḏirna |
yunaḏḏirna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔunaḏḏira |
tunaḏḏira |
yunaḏḏira |
تُنَذِّرَا tunaḏḏirā |
يُنَذِّرَا yunaḏḏirā |
nunaḏḏira |
tunaḏḏirū |
yunaḏḏirū | |||
f | tunaḏḏirī |
tunaḏḏira |
تُنَذِّرَا tunaḏḏirā |
tunaḏḏirna |
yunaḏḏirna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔunaḏḏir |
tunaḏḏir |
yunaḏḏir |
تُنَذِّرَا tunaḏḏirā |
يُنَذِّرَا yunaḏḏirā |
nunaḏḏir |
tunaḏḏirū |
yunaḏḏirū | |||
f | tunaḏḏirī |
tunaḏḏir |
تُنَذِّرَا tunaḏḏirā |
tunaḏḏirna |
yunaḏḏirna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | naḏḏir |
نَذِّرَا naḏḏirā |
naḏḏirū |
||||||||
f | naḏḏirī |
naḏḏirna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | nuḏḏirtu |
nuḏḏirta |
nuḏḏira |
نُذِّرْتُمَا nuḏḏirtumā |
نُذِّرَا nuḏḏirā |
nuḏḏirnā |
nuḏḏirtum |
nuḏḏirū | |||
f | nuḏḏirti |
nuḏḏirat |
نُذِّرَتَا nuḏḏiratā |
nuḏḏirtunna |
nuḏḏirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔunaḏḏaru |
tunaḏḏaru |
yunaḏḏaru |
تُنَذَّرَانِ tunaḏḏarāni |
يُنَذَّرَانِ yunaḏḏarāni |
nunaḏḏaru |
tunaḏḏarūna |
yunaḏḏarūna | |||
f | tunaḏḏarīna |
tunaḏḏaru |
تُنَذَّرَانِ tunaḏḏarāni |
tunaḏḏarna |
yunaḏḏarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔunaḏḏara |
tunaḏḏara |
yunaḏḏara |
تُنَذَّرَا tunaḏḏarā |
يُنَذَّرَا yunaḏḏarā |
nunaḏḏara |
tunaḏḏarū |
yunaḏḏarū | |||
f | tunaḏḏarī |
tunaḏḏara |
تُنَذَّرَا tunaḏḏarā |
tunaḏḏarna |
yunaḏḏarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔunaḏḏar |
tunaḏḏar |
yunaḏḏar |
تُنَذَّرَا tunaḏḏarā |
يُنَذَّرَا yunaḏḏarā |
nunaḏḏar |
tunaḏḏarū |
yunaḏḏarū | |||
f | tunaḏḏarī |
tunaḏḏar |
تُنَذَّرَا tunaḏḏarā |
tunaḏḏarna |
yunaḏḏarna |
Noun
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | نَذْر naḏr |
النَّذْر an-naḏr |
نَذْر naḏr |
Nominative | نَذْرٌ naḏrun |
النَّذْرُ an-naḏru |
نَذْرُ naḏru |
Accusative | نَذْرًا naḏran |
النَّذْرَ an-naḏra |
نَذْرَ naḏra |
Genitive | نَذْرٍ naḏrin |
النَّذْرِ an-naḏri |
نَذْرِ naḏri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | نَذْرَيْن naḏrayn |
النَّذْرَيْن an-naḏrayn |
نَذْرَيْ naḏray |
Nominative | نَذْرَانِ naḏrāni |
النَّذْرَانِ an-naḏrāni |
نَذْرَا naḏrā |
Accusative | نَذْرَيْنِ naḏrayni |
النَّذْرَيْنِ an-naḏrayni |
نَذْرَيْ naḏray |
Genitive | نَذْرَيْنِ naḏrayni |
النَّذْرَيْنِ an-naḏrayni |
نَذْرَيْ naḏray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | نُذُور; نُذُر nuḏūr; nuḏur |
النُّذُور; النُّذُر an-nuḏūr; an-nuḏur |
نُذُور; نُذُر nuḏūr; nuḏur |
Nominative | نُذُورٌ; نُذُرٌ nuḏūrun; nuḏurun |
النُّذُورُ; النُّذُرُ an-nuḏūru; an-nuḏuru |
نُذُورُ; نُذُرُ nuḏūru; nuḏuru |
Accusative | نُذُورًا; نُذُرًا nuḏūran; nuḏuran |
النُّذُورَ; النُّذُرَ an-nuḏūra; an-nuḏura |
نُذُورَ; نُذُرَ nuḏūra; nuḏura |
Genitive | نُذُورٍ; نُذُرٍ nuḏūrin; nuḏurin |
النُّذُورِ; النُّذُرِ an-nuḏūri; an-nuḏuri |
نُذُورِ; نُذُرِ nuḏūri; nuḏuri |
Descendants
Noun
نُذْر or نُذُر or نَذْر • (nuḏr or nuḏur or naḏr) m
- warning, admonition, threat, irregular verbal noun of أَنْذَرَ (ʔanḏara) (form IV)
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | نُذْر; نُذُر; نَذْر nuḏr; nuḏur; naḏr |
النُّذْر; النُّذُر; النَّذْر an-nuḏr; an-nuḏur; an-naḏr |
نُذْر; نُذُر; نَذْر nuḏr; nuḏur; naḏr |
Nominative | نُذْرٌ; نُذُرٌ; نَذْرٌ nuḏrun; nuḏurun; naḏrun |
النُّذْرُ; النُّذُرُ; النَّذْرُ an-nuḏru; an-nuḏuru; an-naḏru |
نُذْرُ; نُذُرُ; نَذْرُ nuḏru; nuḏuru; naḏru |
Accusative | نُذْرًا; نُذُرًا; نَذْرًا nuḏran; nuḏuran; naḏran |
النُّذْرَ; النُّذُرَ; النَّذْرَ an-nuḏra; an-nuḏura; an-naḏra |
نُذْرَ; نُذُرَ; نَذْرَ nuḏra; nuḏura; naḏra |
Genitive | نُذْرٍ; نُذُرٍ; نَذْرٍ nuḏrin; nuḏurin; naḏrin |
النُّذْرِ; النُّذُرِ; النَّذْرِ an-nuḏri; an-nuḏuri; an-naḏri |
نُذْرِ; نُذُرِ; نَذْرِ nuḏri; nuḏuri; naḏri |
Declension
References
- Ahrens, Karl (1930) “Christliches im Qoran. Eine Nachlese”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (in German), volume 84, page 34
- Freytag, Georg (1837) “نذر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 262–263
- Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, page 278
- Schwally, Friedrich (1898) “Lexikalische Studien”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (in German), volume 52, pages 137–138
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “نذر”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen, pages 1111–1112
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
نَذَرَّ • (naḏarra) (form I)
Verb
نَذُرَّ • (naḏurra) (form I)
Verb
نُذَرَّ • (nuḏarra) (form I)
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
نُذْرَ • (nuḏra) (form I)