لبد
Arabic
Etymology
Borrowed from Aramaic לִיבְדָּא (liḇdā, “felt”),[1][2][3] with everything else under the root from this noun, as sensibly also Classical Syriac ܠܒܕ (“to compact, to press together”) and related verb stems.
Noun
لِبْد • (libd) m (plural لُبُود (lubūd) or أَلْبَاد (ʔalbād))
- felt
- a. 869, الْجَاحِظ [al-jāḥiẓ], “باب ما يُجلب من البلدان من طرائف السلع والأمتعة والجواري والأحجار وغير ذلك [What one imports from strange countries in items, commodities, she-slaves, stones and else.]”, in التَبَصُّر بِٱلتِّجَارَة [at-tabaṣṣur bi-t-tijāra]:
- ومن أرمينية وأذربيجان: اللُّبُود … والبراذع والفُرُش والبُسُط الرِّقاق والتِّكَك والصوف.
- And from Armenia and Azerbayjān one gets felts, … (something unreadable) pack-saddles, furnishing fabrics, fine carpets, girdles, and wool.
Declension
Declension of noun لِبْد (libd)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | لِبْد libd |
اللِّبْد al-libd |
لِبْد libd |
Nominative | لِبْدٌ libdun |
اللِّبْدُ al-libdu |
لِبْدُ libdu |
Accusative | لِبْدًا libdan |
اللِّبْدَ al-libda |
لِبْدَ libda |
Genitive | لِبْدٍ libdin |
اللِّبْدِ al-libdi |
لِبْدِ libdi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | لِبْدَيْن libdayn |
اللِّبْدَيْن al-libdayn |
لِبْدَيْ libday |
Nominative | لِبْدَانِ libdāni |
اللِّبْدَانِ al-libdāni |
لِبْدَا libdā |
Accusative | لِبْدَيْنِ libdayni |
اللِّبْدَيْنِ al-libdayni |
لِبْدَيْ libday |
Genitive | لِبْدَيْنِ libdayni |
اللِّبْدَيْنِ al-libdayni |
لِبْدَيْ libday |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | لُبُود; أَلْبَاد lubūd; ʔalbād |
اللُّبُود; الْأَلْبَاد al-lubūd; al-ʔalbād |
لُبُود; أَلْبَاد lubūd; ʔalbād |
Nominative | لُبُودٌ; أَلْبَادٌ lubūdun; ʔalbādun |
اللُّبُودُ; الْأَلْبَادُ al-lubūdu; al-ʔalbādu |
لُبُودُ; أَلْبَادُ lubūdu; ʔalbādu |
Accusative | لُبُودًا; أَلْبَادًا lubūdan; ʔalbādan |
اللُّبُودَ; الْأَلْبَادَ al-lubūda; al-ʔalbāda |
لُبُودَ; أَلْبَادَ lubūda; ʔalbāda |
Genitive | لُبُودٍ; أَلْبَادٍ lubūdin; ʔalbādin |
اللُّبُودِ; الْأَلْبَادِ al-lubūdi; al-ʔalbādi |
لُبُودِ; أَلْبَادِ lubūdi; ʔalbādi |
Declension
Declension of noun لَبَد (labad)
Declension
Declension of adjective لَبِد (labid)
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | لَبِد labid |
اللَّبِد al-labid |
لَبِدَة labida |
اللَّبِدَة al-labida |
Nominative | لَبِدٌ labidun |
اللَّبِدُ al-labidu |
لَبِدَةٌ labidatun |
اللَّبِدَةُ al-labidatu |
Accusative | لَبِدًا labidan |
اللَّبِدَ al-labida |
لَبِدَةً labidatan |
اللَّبِدَةَ al-labidata |
Genitive | لَبِدٍ labidin |
اللَّبِدِ al-labidi |
لَبِدَةٍ labidatin |
اللَّبِدَةِ al-labidati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | لَبِدَيْن labidayn |
اللَّبِدَيْن al-labidayn |
لَبِدَتَيْن labidatayn |
اللَّبِدَتَيْن al-labidatayn |
Nominative | لَبِدَانِ labidāni |
اللَّبِدَانِ al-labidāni |
لَبِدَتَانِ labidatāni |
اللَّبِدَتَانِ al-labidatāni |
Accusative | لَبِدَيْنِ labidayni |
اللَّبِدَيْنِ al-labidayni |
لَبِدَتَيْنِ labidatayni |
اللَّبِدَتَيْنِ al-labidatayni |
Genitive | لَبِدَيْنِ labidayni |
اللَّبِدَيْنِ al-labidayni |
لَبِدَتَيْنِ labidatayni |
اللَّبِدَتَيْنِ al-labidatayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
plural unknown | sound feminine plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | ? ? |
? ? |
لَبِدَات labidāt |
اللَّبِدَات al-labidāt |
Nominative | ? ? |
? ? |
لَبِدَاتٌ labidātun |
اللَّبِدَاتُ al-labidātu |
Accusative | ? ? |
? ? |
لَبِدَاتٍ labidātin |
اللَّبِدَاتِ al-labidāti |
Genitive | ? ? |
? ? |
لَبِدَاتٍ labidātin |
اللَّبِدَاتِ al-labidāti |
Noun
لِبَد • (libad) pl
- plural of لِبْدَة (libda, “felt-cap; the hair collected at the neck of a lion, mane”)
Noun
لُبَد • (lubad) pl
- plural of لُبْدَة (lubda, “mane”)
Conjugation
Conjugation of
لَبَدَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun لُبُود)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
لُبُود lubūd | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
lābid | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَلْبُود malbūd | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | لَبَدْتُ labadtu |
لَبَدْتَ labadta |
labada |
لَبَدْتُمَا labadtumā |
لَبَدَا labadā |
لَبَدْنَا labadnā |
لَبَدْتُمْ labadtum |
لَبَدُوا labadū | |||
f | لَبَدْتِ labadti |
لَبَدَتْ labadat |
لَبَدَتَا labadatā |
لَبَدْتُنَّ labadtunna |
لَبَدْنَ labadna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَلْبُدُ ʔalbudu |
تَلْبُدُ talbudu |
يَلْبُدُ yalbudu |
تَلْبُدَانِ talbudāni |
يَلْبُدَانِ yalbudāni |
نَلْبُدُ nalbudu |
تَلْبُدُونَ talbudūna |
يَلْبُدُونَ yalbudūna | |||
f | تَلْبُدِينَ talbudīna |
تَلْبُدُ talbudu |
تَلْبُدَانِ talbudāni |
تَلْبُدْنَ talbudna |
يَلْبُدْنَ yalbudna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَلْبُدَ ʔalbuda |
تَلْبُدَ talbuda |
يَلْبُدَ yalbuda |
تَلْبُدَا talbudā |
يَلْبُدَا yalbudā |
نَلْبُدَ nalbuda |
تَلْبُدُوا talbudū |
يَلْبُدُوا yalbudū | |||
f | تَلْبُدِي talbudī |
تَلْبُدَ talbuda |
تَلْبُدَا talbudā |
تَلْبُدْنَ talbudna |
يَلْبُدْنَ yalbudna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَلْبُدْ ʔalbud |
تَلْبُدْ talbud |
يَلْبُدْ yalbud |
تَلْبُدَا talbudā |
يَلْبُدَا yalbudā |
نَلْبُدْ nalbud |
تَلْبُدُوا talbudū |
يَلْبُدُوا yalbudū | |||
f | تَلْبُدِي talbudī |
تَلْبُدْ talbud |
تَلْبُدَا talbudā |
تَلْبُدْنَ talbudna |
يَلْبُدْنَ yalbudna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اُلْبُدْ ulbud |
اُلْبُدَا ulbudā |
اُلْبُدُوا ulbudū |
||||||||
f | اُلْبُدِي ulbudī |
اُلْبُدْنَ ulbudna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | لُبِدْتُ lubidtu |
لُبِدْتَ lubidta |
lubida |
لُبِدْتُمَا lubidtumā |
لُبِدَا lubidā |
لُبِدْنَا lubidnā |
لُبِدْتُمْ lubidtum |
لُبِدُوا lubidū | |||
f | لُبِدْتِ lubidti |
لُبِدَتْ lubidat |
لُبِدَتَا lubidatā |
لُبِدْتُنَّ lubidtunna |
لُبِدْنَ lubidna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُلْبَدُ ʔulbadu |
تُلْبَدُ tulbadu |
يُلْبَدُ yulbadu |
تُلْبَدَانِ tulbadāni |
يُلْبَدَانِ yulbadāni |
نُلْبَدُ nulbadu |
تُلْبَدُونَ tulbadūna |
يُلْبَدُونَ yulbadūna | |||
f | تُلْبَدِينَ tulbadīna |
تُلْبَدُ tulbadu |
تُلْبَدَانِ tulbadāni |
تُلْبَدْنَ tulbadna |
يُلْبَدْنَ yulbadna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُلْبَدَ ʔulbada |
تُلْبَدَ tulbada |
يُلْبَدَ yulbada |
تُلْبَدَا tulbadā |
يُلْبَدَا yulbadā |
نُلْبَدَ nulbada |
تُلْبَدُوا tulbadū |
يُلْبَدُوا yulbadū | |||
f | تُلْبَدِي tulbadī |
تُلْبَدَ tulbada |
تُلْبَدَا tulbadā |
تُلْبَدْنَ tulbadna |
يُلْبَدْنَ yulbadna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُلْبَدْ ʔulbad |
تُلْبَدْ tulbad |
يُلْبَدْ yulbad |
تُلْبَدَا tulbadā |
يُلْبَدَا yulbadā |
نُلْبَدْ nulbad |
تُلْبَدُوا tulbadū |
يُلْبَدُوا yulbadū | |||
f | تُلْبَدِي tulbadī |
تُلْبَدْ tulbad |
تُلْبَدَا tulbadā |
تُلْبَدْنَ tulbadna |
يُلْبَدْنَ yulbadna |
Verb
لَبَّدَ • (labbada) II, non-past يُلَبِّدُ (yulabbidu)
Conjugation
Conjugation of
لَبَّدَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
تَلْبِيد talbīd | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
مُلَبِّد mulabbid | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مُلَبَّد mulabbad | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | لَبَّدْتُ labbadtu |
لَبَّدْتَ labbadta |
labbada |
لَبَّدْتُمَا labbadtumā |
لَبَّدَا labbadā |
لَبَّدْنَا labbadnā |
لَبَّدْتُمْ labbadtum |
لَبَّدُوا labbadū | |||
f | لَبَّدْتِ labbadti |
لَبَّدَتْ labbadat |
لَبَّدَتَا labbadatā |
لَبَّدْتُنَّ labbadtunna |
لَبَّدْنَ labbadna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُلَبِّدُ ʔulabbidu |
تُلَبِّدُ tulabbidu |
يُلَبِّدُ yulabbidu |
تُلَبِّدَانِ tulabbidāni |
يُلَبِّدَانِ yulabbidāni |
نُلَبِّدُ nulabbidu |
تُلَبِّدُونَ tulabbidūna |
يُلَبِّدُونَ yulabbidūna | |||
f | تُلَبِّدِينَ tulabbidīna |
تُلَبِّدُ tulabbidu |
تُلَبِّدَانِ tulabbidāni |
تُلَبِّدْنَ tulabbidna |
يُلَبِّدْنَ yulabbidna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُلَبِّدَ ʔulabbida |
تُلَبِّدَ tulabbida |
يُلَبِّدَ yulabbida |
تُلَبِّدَا tulabbidā |
يُلَبِّدَا yulabbidā |
نُلَبِّدَ nulabbida |
تُلَبِّدُوا tulabbidū |
يُلَبِّدُوا yulabbidū | |||
f | تُلَبِّدِي tulabbidī |
تُلَبِّدَ tulabbida |
تُلَبِّدَا tulabbidā |
تُلَبِّدْنَ tulabbidna |
يُلَبِّدْنَ yulabbidna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُلَبِّدْ ʔulabbid |
تُلَبِّدْ tulabbid |
يُلَبِّدْ yulabbid |
تُلَبِّدَا tulabbidā |
يُلَبِّدَا yulabbidā |
نُلَبِّدْ nulabbid |
تُلَبِّدُوا tulabbidū |
يُلَبِّدُوا yulabbidū | |||
f | تُلَبِّدِي tulabbidī |
تُلَبِّدْ tulabbid |
تُلَبِّدَا tulabbidā |
تُلَبِّدْنَ tulabbidna |
يُلَبِّدْنَ yulabbidna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | labbid |
لَبِّدَا labbidā |
لَبِّدُوا labbidū |
||||||||
f | لَبِّدِي labbidī |
لَبِّدْنَ labbidna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | لُبِّدْتُ lubbidtu |
لُبِّدْتَ lubbidta |
lubbida |
لُبِّدْتُمَا lubbidtumā |
لُبِّدَا lubbidā |
لُبِّدْنَا lubbidnā |
لُبِّدْتُمْ lubbidtum |
لُبِّدُوا lubbidū | |||
f | لُبِّدْتِ lubbidti |
لُبِّدَتْ lubbidat |
لُبِّدَتَا lubbidatā |
لُبِّدْتُنَّ lubbidtunna |
لُبِّدْنَ lubbidna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُلَبَّدُ ʔulabbadu |
تُلَبَّدُ tulabbadu |
يُلَبَّدُ yulabbadu |
تُلَبَّدَانِ tulabbadāni |
يُلَبَّدَانِ yulabbadāni |
نُلَبَّدُ nulabbadu |
تُلَبَّدُونَ tulabbadūna |
يُلَبَّدُونَ yulabbadūna | |||
f | تُلَبَّدِينَ tulabbadīna |
تُلَبَّدُ tulabbadu |
تُلَبَّدَانِ tulabbadāni |
تُلَبَّدْنَ tulabbadna |
يُلَبَّدْنَ yulabbadna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُلَبَّدَ ʔulabbada |
تُلَبَّدَ tulabbada |
يُلَبَّدَ yulabbada |
تُلَبَّدَا tulabbadā |
يُلَبَّدَا yulabbadā |
نُلَبَّدَ nulabbada |
تُلَبَّدُوا tulabbadū |
يُلَبَّدُوا yulabbadū | |||
f | تُلَبَّدِي tulabbadī |
تُلَبَّدَ tulabbada |
تُلَبَّدَا tulabbadā |
تُلَبَّدْنَ tulabbadna |
يُلَبَّدْنَ yulabbadna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُلَبَّدْ ʔulabbad |
تُلَبَّدْ tulabbad |
يُلَبَّدْ yulabbad |
تُلَبَّدَا tulabbadā |
يُلَبَّدَا yulabbadā |
نُلَبَّدْ nulabbad |
تُلَبَّدُوا tulabbadū |
يُلَبَّدُوا yulabbadū | |||
f | تُلَبَّدِي tulabbadī |
تُلَبَّدْ tulabbad |
تُلَبَّدَا tulabbadā |
تُلَبَّدْنَ tulabbadna |
يُلَبَّدْنَ yulabbadna |
References
- Sokoloff, Michael (2002) A Dictionary of Jewish Babylonian Aramaic of the Talmudic and Geonic periods, Ramat Gan: Bar Ilan University, page 624b
- Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 103
- Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 1136 who also suggest the Aramaic being altered from the etymon of نَمَط (namaṭ).
Further reading
- Freytag, Georg (1837) “لبد”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 80
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “لبد”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 958
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (2020) “لبد”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 6th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 821
- “lbd”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- “lbd”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
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