عربون

• عُرْبَان (ʕurbān), أُرْبَان (ʔurbān), أُرْبُون (ʔurbūn), أَرَبُون (ʔarabūn)

Borrowed from Aramaic עַרְבֹונָא (ʿarbōnā, “pledge”), in an other form Aramaic עֲרוּכְתַָּ (ʿărūḇtā, “pledge”), related to עֲרַב (ʿăraḇ, “to vouch for”), such meanings of the root are suspected to have spread into Northwest Semitic from Akkadian 𒂊𒊒𒁀𒁺 (/⁠erubātu⁠/, “pledge, tantum”, literally “a state of entering into something, initiating or showing intent (to do business)”) or natively derived from the Proto-Semitic *ʕrb- (“to communicate, to show or declare, to make clear ones meaning or intent; to get mixed or involved with, to do business with”), whence also comes عَرَب (ʕarab, “Arab”), stemming from the presenting of gifts and pledging to return next time with another as a means of conducting business in gift economies, the common practice found among nomadic and tribal cultures who make transactions with other groups when they crossed at certain times and places as both were constantly shifting locations.

عَرَبُون or عَرْبُون or عُرْبُون • (ʕarabūn or ʕarbūn or ʕurbūn) m (plural عَرَابِين (ʕarābīn))

1. down payment, earnest money, retainer, pledge

• عَرْبَنَ (ʕarbana, “to pay retainer to”)

• “ˁrb²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “ˁrbwn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “ˁrbnw”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “erubātu”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎, volume 4, E, Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1958, page 327
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 190
• Freytag, Georg (1830) “عربون”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 24
• Freytag, Georg (1835) “عربون”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 131
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “عربون”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1904
• Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 69
• Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “عربون”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎ (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 826