شماندره

• شماندوره (şamandura), شماندیره (şamandıra), شاماندیرا (şamandıra), شمندوره (şamandura)

From Greek τσαμαδούρα (tsamadoúra, “buoy”), a variant of σημαδούρα (simadoúra, “buoy”), from σημάδι (simádi, “mark”) +‎ -ούρα (-oúra), earlier σημαντούρα (simantoúra, “buoy”), continuing Ancient Greek σημαντήρ (sēmantḗr, “buoy”).

شماندره • (şamandra, şamandara, şamandıra)

1. buoy, barrel swimming in the water fixed to an anchor so ships can be moored to it
2. socket of a lamp, a bung swimming in the oil of a nightlight to support its wick, a frame or float upholding the wick on the surface of a lamp

To make the object in a lamp denoted here clear, this antiquary’s photographs of oil lamp parts are pertinent, and it is expressed here that, while the English term seems just to be the colorless socket, the parts are called in German Lampentülle, Leuchterdille, Lampenröhre etc., in French lamperon, douille, tuyau d’un chandelier, in Russian тру́бка въ ла́мпѣ (trúbka v lámpě). The sense is continued in Modern Turkish as an elektrikli şamandıra and other technical senses.

• Turkish: şamandıra, şamandra
• → Arabic: شَمَنْدُورَة (šamandūra, “buoy”)
• →? Arabic: شَمَنْدَر (šamandar, “beetroot”)
• → Armenian: շամանտուրա (šamantura)
• → Bulgarian: шаманду́ра (šamandúra)
• → Romanian: geamandură

• Kahane, Henry R., Kahane, Renée, Tietze, Andreas (1958) The Lingua Franca in the Levant: Turkish Nautical Terms of Italian and Greek Origin, Urbana: University of Illinois, page 587