زود

See also: رود

Arabic

Root
ز و د (z-w-d)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /zaw.wa.da/
Audio (file)

Verb

زَوَّدَ • (zawwada) II, non-past يُزَوِّدُ‎ (yuzawwidu)

(transitive) to provide, to equip, to supply [+accusative = whom] [+ بِ (object) = wherewith]

Conjugation

Conjugation of

زَوَّدَ

(form-II sound)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					تَزْوِيد tazwīd
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					مُزَوِّد muzawwid
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مُزَوَّد muzawwad
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	زَوَّدْتُ zawwadtu	زَوَّدْتَ zawwadta	زَوَّدَ zawwada	زَوَّدْتُمَا zawwadtumā	زَوَّدَا zawwadā	زَوَّدْنَا zawwadnā	زَوَّدْتُمْ zawwadtum	زَوَّدُوا zawwadū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	زَوَّدْتُ zawwadtu	زَوَّدْتِ zawwadti	زَوَّدَتْ zawwadat	زَوَّدْتُمَا zawwadtumā	زَوَّدَتَا zawwadatā	زَوَّدْنَا zawwadnā	زَوَّدْتُنَّ zawwadtunna	زَوَّدْنَ zawwadna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُزَوِّدُ ʔuzawwidu	تُزَوِّدُ tuzawwidu	يُزَوِّدُ yuzawwidu	تُزَوِّدَانِ tuzawwidāni	يُزَوِّدَانِ yuzawwidāni	نُزَوِّدُ nuzawwidu	تُزَوِّدُونَ tuzawwidūna	يُزَوِّدُونَ yuzawwidūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُزَوِّدُ ʔuzawwidu	تُزَوِّدِينَ tuzawwidīna	تُزَوِّدُ tuzawwidu	تُزَوِّدَانِ tuzawwidāni	تُزَوِّدَانِ tuzawwidāni	نُزَوِّدُ nuzawwidu	تُزَوِّدْنَ tuzawwidna	يُزَوِّدْنَ yuzawwidna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُزَوِّدَ ʔuzawwida	تُزَوِّدَ tuzawwida	يُزَوِّدَ yuzawwida	تُزَوِّدَا tuzawwidā	يُزَوِّدَا yuzawwidā	نُزَوِّدَ nuzawwida	تُزَوِّدُوا tuzawwidū	يُزَوِّدُوا yuzawwidū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُزَوِّدَ ʔuzawwida	تُزَوِّدِي tuzawwidī	تُزَوِّدَ tuzawwida	تُزَوِّدَا tuzawwidā	تُزَوِّدَا tuzawwidā	نُزَوِّدَ nuzawwida	تُزَوِّدْنَ tuzawwidna	يُزَوِّدْنَ yuzawwidna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُزَوِّدْ ʔuzawwid	تُزَوِّدْ tuzawwid	يُزَوِّدْ yuzawwid	تُزَوِّدَا tuzawwidā	يُزَوِّدَا yuzawwidā	نُزَوِّدْ nuzawwid	تُزَوِّدُوا tuzawwidū	يُزَوِّدُوا yuzawwidū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُزَوِّدْ ʔuzawwid	تُزَوِّدِي tuzawwidī	تُزَوِّدْ tuzawwid	تُزَوِّدَا tuzawwidā	تُزَوِّدَا tuzawwidā	نُزَوِّدْ nuzawwid	تُزَوِّدْنَ tuzawwidna	يُزَوِّدْنَ yuzawwidna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		زَوِّدْ zawwid		زَوِّدَا zawwidā			زَوِّدُوا zawwidū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		زَوِّدِي zawwidī		زَوِّدَا zawwidā			زَوِّدْنَ zawwidna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	زُوِّدْتُ zuwwidtu	زُوِّدْتَ zuwwidta	زُوِّدَ zuwwida	زُوِّدْتُمَا zuwwidtumā	زُوِّدَا zuwwidā	زُوِّدْنَا zuwwidnā	زُوِّدْتُمْ zuwwidtum	زُوِّدُوا zuwwidū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	زُوِّدْتُ zuwwidtu	زُوِّدْتِ zuwwidti	زُوِّدَتْ zuwwidat	زُوِّدْتُمَا zuwwidtumā	زُوِّدَتَا zuwwidatā	زُوِّدْنَا zuwwidnā	زُوِّدْتُنَّ zuwwidtunna	زُوِّدْنَ zuwwidna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُزَوَّدُ ʔuzawwadu	تُزَوَّدُ tuzawwadu	يُزَوَّدُ yuzawwadu	تُزَوَّدَانِ tuzawwadāni	يُزَوَّدَانِ yuzawwadāni	نُزَوَّدُ nuzawwadu	تُزَوَّدُونَ tuzawwadūna	يُزَوَّدُونَ yuzawwadūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُزَوَّدُ ʔuzawwadu	تُزَوَّدِينَ tuzawwadīna	تُزَوَّدُ tuzawwadu	تُزَوَّدَانِ tuzawwadāni	تُزَوَّدَانِ tuzawwadāni	نُزَوَّدُ nuzawwadu	تُزَوَّدْنَ tuzawwadna	يُزَوَّدْنَ yuzawwadna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُزَوَّدَ ʔuzawwada	تُزَوَّدَ tuzawwada	يُزَوَّدَ yuzawwada	تُزَوَّدَا tuzawwadā	يُزَوَّدَا yuzawwadā	نُزَوَّدَ nuzawwada	تُزَوَّدُوا tuzawwadū	يُزَوَّدُوا yuzawwadū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُزَوَّدَ ʔuzawwada	تُزَوَّدِي tuzawwadī	تُزَوَّدَ tuzawwada	تُزَوَّدَا tuzawwadā	تُزَوَّدَا tuzawwadā	نُزَوَّدَ nuzawwada	تُزَوَّدْنَ tuzawwadna	يُزَوَّدْنَ yuzawwadna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُزَوَّدْ ʔuzawwad	تُزَوَّدْ tuzawwad	يُزَوَّدْ yuzawwad	تُزَوَّدَا tuzawwadā	يُزَوَّدَا yuzawwadā	نُزَوَّدْ nuzawwad	تُزَوَّدُوا tuzawwadū	يُزَوَّدُوا yuzawwadū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُزَوَّدْ ʔuzawwad	تُزَوَّدِي tuzawwadī	تُزَوَّدْ tuzawwad	تُزَوَّدَا tuzawwadā	تُزَوَّدَا tuzawwadā	نُزَوَّدْ nuzawwad	تُزَوَّدْنَ tuzawwadna	يُزَوَّدْنَ yuzawwadna

References

Freytag, Georg (1833) “زود”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 265
Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “زود”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎ (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, page 1025

Persian

Etymology

From a Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?] root shared with Sanskrit जू (jū, “hurry on, hurry, be quick”), Avestan 𐬰𐬆𐬬𐬍𐬱𐬙𐬫𐬀 (zəvīštya, “the quickest”), and Northern Kurdish zu, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ǵewH- (“force, drive”) and thus further cognate with Proto-Slavic *žuriti (“to rage”) and Old Norse keyra (“drive”).[1]

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [zuːð]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zuːd̪]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [zuːd̪]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [zud̪̥]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [zuːd̪̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [zud̪]

Readings
Classical reading^?	zūḏ
Dari reading^?	zūd
Iranian reading^?	zud
Tajik reading^?	zud

Audio (file)
Rhymes: -uːd

Adjective

زود • (zud) (comparative زودتَر (zud-tar), superlative زودتَرین (zud-tarin))

early

Adverb

زود • (zud)

early
zud az xâb bidâr mi-šodam.
I used to wake up early.
quickly
čeqadr zud gozašt, engâr hamin diruz bud
It went by so quickly, it feels like it was just yesterday
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume IV, verse 2709:
  زانک دوزخ گوید: ای مؤمن تو زود برگذر که نورت آتش را ربود
  z-an-ke duzax guyad: ey mo'men to zud bar-gozar ke nur-at âtaš-râ rebud.
  For Hell says, "O true believer, pass by quickly, since thy light has taken away [extinguished] the Fire."
soon
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 176:
  گفت پیغمبر که هر که سر نهفت زود گردد با مراد خویش جفت
  goft peyğambar ke har ke serr nahoft zud gardad bâ morâd-e xiš joft
  The Prophet said that any one who hides his inmost thought will soon attain to the object of his desire.

Derived terms

زودی (zudi, “earliness, quickness”)

(other nouns and adjectives)

زودانداز (zudândâz, “impromptu”)
زودباور (zud-bâvar, “credulous”)
زود خشم (zud-xešm, “irritable”)
زود خیز (zud-xiz, “early riser”)
زود رنج (zud-ranj, “peevish”)
زود رس (zud-ras, “premature”)
زور ف‍ﮩ‍م (zud-fahm, “quick to understand”)
زود گذر (zud-gozar, “ephemeral”)
زودیاب (zud-yâb, “easily gained”)

References

Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 580-1

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 580-1