رتم

Arabic

Etymology

Unknown. The plant-name is borrowed from or well possibly cognate to semantically congruent Aramaic רִיתְמָא / רִתְמָא (riṯmā), רֹותְמָא / רֹתְמָא (rōṯmā), Hebrew רֹותֶם / רֹתֶם (rōṯem), the rest is likely denominal.

Verb

رَتَمَ • (ratama) I, non-past يَرْتِمُ‎ (yartimu)

to crush, to grind, to triturate, to consume, to eat away

Conjugation

Conjugation of

رَتَمَ

(form-I sound, verbal noun رَتْم)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					رَتْم ratm
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					رَاتِم rātim
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَرْتُوم martūm
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	رَتَمْتُ ratamtu	رَتَمْتَ ratamta	رَتَمَ ratama	رَتَمْتُمَا ratamtumā	رَتَمَا ratamā	رَتَمْنَا ratamnā	رَتَمْتُمْ ratamtum	رَتَمُوا ratamū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	رَتَمْتُ ratamtu	رَتَمْتِ ratamti	رَتَمَتْ ratamat	رَتَمْتُمَا ratamtumā	رَتَمَتَا ratamatā	رَتَمْنَا ratamnā	رَتَمْتُنَّ ratamtunna	رَتَمْنَ ratamna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَرْتِمُ ʔartimu	تَرْتِمُ tartimu	يَرْتِمُ yartimu	تَرْتِمَانِ tartimāni	يَرْتِمَانِ yartimāni	نَرْتِمُ nartimu	تَرْتِمُونَ tartimūna	يَرْتِمُونَ yartimūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَرْتِمُ ʔartimu	تَرْتِمِينَ tartimīna	تَرْتِمُ tartimu	تَرْتِمَانِ tartimāni	تَرْتِمَانِ tartimāni	نَرْتِمُ nartimu	تَرْتِمْنَ tartimna	يَرْتِمْنَ yartimna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَرْتِمَ ʔartima	تَرْتِمَ tartima	يَرْتِمَ yartima	تَرْتِمَا tartimā	يَرْتِمَا yartimā	نَرْتِمَ nartima	تَرْتِمُوا tartimū	يَرْتِمُوا yartimū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَرْتِمَ ʔartima	تَرْتِمِي tartimī	تَرْتِمَ tartima	تَرْتِمَا tartimā	تَرْتِمَا tartimā	نَرْتِمَ nartima	تَرْتِمْنَ tartimna	يَرْتِمْنَ yartimna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَرْتِمْ ʔartim	تَرْتِمْ tartim	يَرْتِمْ yartim	تَرْتِمَا tartimā	يَرْتِمَا yartimā	نَرْتِمْ nartim	تَرْتِمُوا tartimū	يَرْتِمُوا yartimū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَرْتِمْ ʔartim	تَرْتِمِي tartimī	تَرْتِمْ tartim	تَرْتِمَا tartimā	تَرْتِمَا tartimā	نَرْتِمْ nartim	تَرْتِمْنَ tartimna	يَرْتِمْنَ yartimna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِرْتِمْ irtim		اِرْتِمَا irtimā			اِرْتِمُوا irtimū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اِرْتِمِي irtimī		اِرْتِمَا irtimā			اِرْتِمْنَ irtimna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	رُتِمْتُ rutimtu	رُتِمْتَ rutimta	رُتِمَ rutima	رُتِمْتُمَا rutimtumā	رُتِمَا rutimā	رُتِمْنَا rutimnā	رُتِمْتُمْ rutimtum	رُتِمُوا rutimū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	رُتِمْتُ rutimtu	رُتِمْتِ rutimti	رُتِمَتْ rutimat	رُتِمْتُمَا rutimtumā	رُتِمَتَا rutimatā	رُتِمْنَا rutimnā	رُتِمْتُنَّ rutimtunna	رُتِمْنَ rutimna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُرْتَمُ ʔurtamu	تُرْتَمُ turtamu	يُرْتَمُ yurtamu	تُرْتَمَانِ turtamāni	يُرْتَمَانِ yurtamāni	نُرْتَمُ nurtamu	تُرْتَمُونَ turtamūna	يُرْتَمُونَ yurtamūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُرْتَمُ ʔurtamu	تُرْتَمِينَ turtamīna	تُرْتَمُ turtamu	تُرْتَمَانِ turtamāni	تُرْتَمَانِ turtamāni	نُرْتَمُ nurtamu	تُرْتَمْنَ turtamna	يُرْتَمْنَ yurtamna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُرْتَمَ ʔurtama	تُرْتَمَ turtama	يُرْتَمَ yurtama	تُرْتَمَا turtamā	يُرْتَمَا yurtamā	نُرْتَمَ nurtama	تُرْتَمُوا turtamū	يُرْتَمُوا yurtamū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُرْتَمَ ʔurtama	تُرْتَمِي turtamī	تُرْتَمَ turtama	تُرْتَمَا turtamā	تُرْتَمَا turtamā	نُرْتَمَ nurtama	تُرْتَمْنَ turtamna	يُرْتَمْنَ yurtamna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُرْتَمْ ʔurtam	تُرْتَمْ turtam	يُرْتَمْ yurtam	تُرْتَمَا turtamā	يُرْتَمَا yurtamā	نُرْتَمْ nurtam	تُرْتَمُوا turtamū	يُرْتَمُوا yurtamū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُرْتَمْ ʔurtam	تُرْتَمِي turtamī	تُرْتَمْ turtam	تُرْتَمَا turtamā	تُرْتَمَا turtamā	نُرْتَمْ nurtam	تُرْتَمْنَ turtamna	يُرْتَمْنَ yurtamna

Noun

رَتْم • (ratm) m

verbal noun of رَتَمَ (ratama) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun رَتْم (ratm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	رَتْم ratm	الرَّتْم ar-ratm	رَتْم ratm
Nominative	رَتْمٌ ratmun	الرَّتْمُ ar-ratmu	رَتْمُ ratmu
Accusative	رَتْمًا ratman	الرَّتْمَ ar-ratma	رَتْمَ ratma
Genitive	رَتْمٍ ratmin	الرَّتْمِ ar-ratmi	رَتْمِ ratmi

Adjective

رَتْم • (ratm)

crushed, bruised

Declension

Declension of adjective رَتْم (ratm)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	رَتْم ratm	الرَّتْم ar-ratm	رَتْمَة ratma	الرَّتْمَة ar-ratma
Nominative	رَتْمٌ ratmun	الرَّتْمُ ar-ratmu	رَتْمَةٌ ratmatun	الرَّتْمَةُ ar-ratmatu
Accusative	رَتْمًا ratman	الرَّتْمَ ar-ratma	رَتْمَةً ratmatan	الرَّتْمَةَ ar-ratmata
Genitive	رَتْمٍ ratmin	الرَّتْمِ ar-ratmi	رَتْمَةٍ ratmatin	الرَّتْمَةِ ar-ratmati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	رَتْمَيْن ratmayn	الرَّتْمَيْن ar-ratmayn	رَتْمَتَيْن ratmatayn	الرَّتْمَتَيْن ar-ratmatayn
Nominative	رَتْمَانِ ratmāni	الرَّتْمَانِ ar-ratmāni	رَتْمَتَانِ ratmatāni	الرَّتْمَتَانِ ar-ratmatāni
Accusative	رَتْمَيْنِ ratmayni	الرَّتْمَيْنِ ar-ratmayni	رَتْمَتَيْنِ ratmatayni	الرَّتْمَتَيْنِ ar-ratmatayni
Genitive	رَتْمَيْنِ ratmayni	الرَّتْمَيْنِ ar-ratmayni	رَتْمَتَيْنِ ratmatayni	الرَّتْمَتَيْنِ ar-ratmatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	plural unknown		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	? ?	? ?	رَتْمَات ratmāt	الرَّتْمَات ar-ratmāt
Nominative	? ?	? ?	رَتْمَاتٌ ratmātun	الرَّتْمَاتُ ar-ratmātu
Accusative	? ?	? ?	رَتْمَاتٍ ratmātin	الرَّتْمَاتِ ar-ratmāti
Genitive	? ?	? ?	رَتْمَاتٍ ratmātin	الرَّتْمَاتِ ar-ratmāti

رَتَم

Noun

رَتَم • (ratam) m (collective, singulative رَتَمَة f (ratama))

retama (Retama gen. et spp., and similar related species in Genista and Cytisus)

Declension

Declension of noun رَتَم (ratam)

Collective	basic collective triptote
Collective	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	رَتَم ratam	الرَّتَم ar-ratam	رَتَم ratam
Nominative	رَتَمٌ ratamun	الرَّتَمُ ar-ratamu	رَتَمُ ratamu
Accusative	رَتَمًا rataman	الرَّتَمَ ar-ratama	رَتَمَ ratama
Genitive	رَتَمٍ ratamin	الرَّتَمِ ar-ratami	رَتَمِ ratami
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
Singulative	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	رَتَمَة ratama	الرَّتَمَة ar-ratama	رَتَمَة ratamat
Nominative	رَتَمَةٌ ratamatun	الرَّتَمَةُ ar-ratamatu	رَتَمَةُ ratamatu
Accusative	رَتَمَةً ratamatan	الرَّتَمَةَ ar-ratamata	رَتَمَةَ ratamata
Genitive	رَتَمَةٍ ratamatin	الرَّتَمَةِ ar-ratamati	رَتَمَةِ ratamati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	رَتَمَتَيْن ratamatayn	الرَّتَمَتَيْن ar-ratamatayn	رَتَمَتَيْ ratamatay
Nominative	رَتَمَتَانِ ratamatāni	الرَّتَمَتَانِ ar-ratamatāni	رَتَمَتَا ratamatā
Accusative	رَتَمَتَيْنِ ratamatayni	الرَّتَمَتَيْنِ ar-ratamatayni	رَتَمَتَيْ ratamatay
Genitive	رَتَمَتَيْنِ ratamatayni	الرَّتَمَتَيْنِ ar-ratamatayni	رَتَمَتَيْ ratamatay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
Paucal (3-10)	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	رَتَمَات ratamāt	الرَّتَمَات ar-ratamāt	رَتَمَات ratamāt
Nominative	رَتَمَاتٌ ratamātun	الرَّتَمَاتُ ar-ratamātu	رَتَمَاتُ ratamātu
Accusative	رَتَمَاتٍ ratamātin	الرَّتَمَاتِ ar-ratamāti	رَتَمَاتِ ratamāti
Genitive	رَتَمَاتٍ ratamātin	الرَّتَمَاتِ ar-ratamāti	رَتَمَاتِ ratamāti

References

رتم on the Arabic Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^ar
“rtm²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 517
Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “رتم”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎ (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 509
Freytag, Georg (1833) “رتم”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎ (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 119–120
Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “رتم”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎ (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, pages 817–818
Lane, Edward William (1863) “رتم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1028–1029
Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎ (in German), volume 2, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 469–473
Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “رتم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 402
Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “رتم”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎ (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 451

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