خلال

See also: حلال

Arabic

Etymology 1

Adverbial accusative of the plural of خَلَل (ḵalal, “gap”), i.e. “between the gap of”.

Pronunciation
  • Audio(file)

Preposition

خِلَالَ • (ḵilāla)

  1. during, in the course of
    خِلَالَ القِسْمِ الأَكْبَرِ مِنْ القُرُونِ الوُسْطَى الأُورُوبِيَّة
    ḵilāla al-qismi l-ʔakbari min al-qurūni l-wusṭā l-ʔūrūbiyya
    during the most part of European Middle Ages
    • 2009 July 5, “رئيس الاركان الامريكي يحذر من ضرب ايران”, in BBC Arabic‎:
      قد تعهد خلال حملته الانتخابيَة بفتح حوار مع ايران
      qad taʕahhada xilāla ḥamlatihi al-ʔintixābiyyati bi-fataḥa ḥiwāran maʕa ʔīrān
      During his election campaign, he pledged to open dialogue with Iran.
Inflection
    Inflected forms
Base form خِلَالَ (ḵilāla)
Personal-pronoun-
including forms		 Singular Dual Plural
Masculine Feminine Common Masculine Feminine
First person خِلَالِي (ḵilālī) خِلَالَنَا (ḵilālanā)
Second person خِلَالَكَ (ḵilālaka) خِلَالَكِ (ḵilālaki) خِلَالَكُمَا (ḵilālakumā) خِلَالَكُمْ (ḵilālakum) خِلَالَكُنَّ (ḵilālakunna)
Third person خِلَالَهُ (ḵilālahu) خِلَالَهَا (ḵilālahā) خِلَالَهُمَا (ḵilālahumā) خِلَالَهُمْ (ḵilālahum) خِلَالَهُنَّ (ḵilālahunna)

Etymology 2
Root
خ ل ل (ḵ-l-l)

Noun

خِلَال • (ḵilāl) m (plural أَخِلَّة (ʔaḵilla))

  1. toothpick, spit, drill, and other instruments used for picking or perforating
Declension
Declension of noun خِلَال (ḵilāl)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal خِلَال
ḵilāl		 الْخِلَال
al-ḵilāl		 خِلَال
ḵilāl
Nominative خِلَالٌ
ḵilālun		 الْخِلَالُ
al-ḵilālu		 خِلَالُ
ḵilālu
Accusative خِلَالًا
ḵilālan		 الْخِلَالَ
al-ḵilāla		 خِلَالَ
ḵilāla
Genitive خِلَالٍ
ḵilālin		 الْخِلَالِ
al-ḵilāli		 خِلَالِ
ḵilāli
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal خِلَالَيْن
ḵilālayn		 الْخِلَالَيْن
al-ḵilālayn		 خِلَالَيْ
ḵilālay
Nominative خِلَالَانِ
ḵilālāni		 الْخِلَالَانِ
al-ḵilālāni		 خِلَالَا
ḵilālā
Accusative خِلَالَيْنِ
ḵilālayni		 الْخِلَالَيْنِ
al-ḵilālayni		 خِلَالَيْ
ḵilālay
Genitive خِلَالَيْنِ
ḵilālayni		 الْخِلَالَيْنِ
al-ḵilālayni		 خِلَالَيْ
ḵilālay
Plural broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal أَخِلَّة
ʔaḵilla		 الْأَخِلَّة
al-ʔaḵilla		 أَخِلَّة
ʔaḵillat
Nominative أَخِلَّةٌ
ʔaḵillatun		 الْأَخِلَّةُ
al-ʔaḵillatu		 أَخِلَّةُ
ʔaḵillatu
Accusative أَخِلَّةً
ʔaḵillatan		 الْأَخِلَّةَ
al-ʔaḵillata		 أَخِلَّةَ
ʔaḵillata
Genitive أَخِلَّةٍ
ʔaḵillatin		 الْأَخِلَّةِ
al-ʔaḵillati		 أَخِلَّةِ
ʔaḵillati
Descendants
  • → Ottoman Turkish: خلال (hilal)
    • Turkish: hilal

Noun

خِلَال • (ḵilāl) m

  1. verbal noun of خَالَّ (ḵālla) (form III)
  2. friendship
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 14:31:
      مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ يَوْمٌ لَا بَيْعٌ فِيهِ وَلَا خِلَالٌ
      min qabli ʔan yaʔtiya yawmun lā bayʕun fīhi walā ḵilālun
      Before a day arises wherein there will be neither traffic nor friendship.
Declension
Declension of noun خِلَال (ḵilāl)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal خِلَال
ḵilāl		 الْخِلَال
al-ḵilāl		 خِلَال
ḵilāl
Nominative خِلَالٌ
ḵilālun		 الْخِلَالُ
al-ḵilālu		 خِلَالُ
ḵilālu
Accusative خِلَالًا
ḵilālan		 الْخِلَالَ
al-ḵilāla		 خِلَالَ
ḵilāla
Genitive خِلَالٍ
ḵilālin		 الْخِلَالِ
al-ḵilāli		 خِلَالِ
ḵilāli

Etymology 3

Occupational noun denominal from خَلّ (ḵall, “vinegar”).

Noun

خَلَّال • (ḵallāl) m (plural خَلَّالُونَ (ḵallālūna), feminine خَلَّالَة (ḵallāla))

  1. vinegar maker or seller
Declension
Declension of noun خَلَّال (ḵallāl)
Singular Masculine Feminine
basic singular triptote singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Construct Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal خَلَّال
ḵallāl		 الْخَلَّال
al-ḵallāl		 خَلَّال
ḵallāl		 خَلَّالَة
ḵallāla		 الْخَلَّالَة
al-ḵallāla		 خَلَّالَة
ḵallālat
Nominative خَلَّالٌ
ḵallālun		 الْخَلَّالُ
al-ḵallālu		 خَلَّالُ
ḵallālu		 خَلَّالَةٌ
ḵallālatun		 الْخَلَّالَةُ
al-ḵallālatu		 خَلَّالَةُ
ḵallālatu
Accusative خَلَّالًا
ḵallālan		 الْخَلَّالَ
al-ḵallāla		 خَلَّالَ
ḵallāla		 خَلَّالَةً
ḵallālatan		 الْخَلَّالَةَ
al-ḵallālata		 خَلَّالَةَ
ḵallālata
Genitive خَلَّالٍ
ḵallālin		 الْخَلَّالِ
al-ḵallāli		 خَلَّالِ
ḵallāli		 خَلَّالَةٍ
ḵallālatin		 الْخَلَّالَةِ
al-ḵallālati		 خَلَّالَةِ
ḵallālati
Dual Masculine Feminine
Indefinite Definite Construct Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal خَلَّالَيْن
ḵallālayn		 الْخَلَّالَيْن
al-ḵallālayn		 خَلَّالَيْ
ḵallālay		 خَلَّالَتَيْن
ḵallālatayn		 الْخَلَّالَتَيْن
al-ḵallālatayn		 خَلَّالَتَيْ
ḵallālatay
Nominative خَلَّالَانِ
ḵallālāni		 الْخَلَّالَانِ
al-ḵallālāni		 خَلَّالَا
ḵallālā		 خَلَّالَتَانِ
ḵallālatāni		 الْخَلَّالَتَانِ
al-ḵallālatāni		 خَلَّالَتَا
ḵallālatā
Accusative خَلَّالَيْنِ
ḵallālayni		 الْخَلَّالَيْنِ
al-ḵallālayni		 خَلَّالَيْ
ḵallālay		 خَلَّالَتَيْنِ
ḵallālatayni		 الْخَلَّالَتَيْنِ
al-ḵallālatayni		 خَلَّالَتَيْ
ḵallālatay
Genitive خَلَّالَيْنِ
ḵallālayni		 الْخَلَّالَيْنِ
al-ḵallālayni		 خَلَّالَيْ
ḵallālay		 خَلَّالَتَيْنِ
ḵallālatayni		 الْخَلَّالَتَيْنِ
al-ḵallālatayni		 خَلَّالَتَيْ
ḵallālatay
Plural Masculine Feminine
sound masculine plural sound feminine plural
Indefinite Definite Construct Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal خَلَّالِين
ḵallālīn		 الْخَلَّالِين
al-ḵallālīn		 خَلَّالِي
ḵallālī		 خَلَّالَات
ḵallālāt		 الْخَلَّالَات
al-ḵallālāt		 خَلَّالَات
ḵallālāt
Nominative خَلَّالُونَ
ḵallālūna		 الْخَلَّالُونَ
al-ḵallālūna		 خَلَّالُو
ḵallālū		 خَلَّالَاتٌ
ḵallālātun		 الْخَلَّالَاتُ
al-ḵallālātu		 خَلَّالَاتُ
ḵallālātu
Accusative خَلَّالِينَ
ḵallālīna		 الْخَلَّالِينَ
al-ḵallālīna		 خَلَّالِي
ḵallālī		 خَلَّالَاتٍ
ḵallālātin		 الْخَلَّالَاتِ
al-ḵallālāti		 خَلَّالَاتِ
ḵallālāti
Genitive خَلَّالِينَ
ḵallālīna		 الْخَلَّالِينَ
al-ḵallālīna		 خَلَّالِي
ḵallālī		 خَلَّالَاتٍ
ḵallālātin		 الْخَلَّالَاتِ
al-ḵallālāti		 خَلَّالَاتِ
ḵallālāti

Noun

خِلَال • (ḵilāl) pl

  1. plural of خَلّ (ḵall)
  2. plural of خَلَل (ḵalal)
  3. plural of خَلَّة (ḵalla)
  4. plural of خِلَّة (ḵilla)

Ottoman Turkish
اخله

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic خِلَال (ḵilāl, “toothpick”).

Noun

خلال • (hilal) (plural اخله (ahle))

  1. toothpick, a small stick for removing food residue from between the teeth
    Synonym: كوردان (kürdan)
  2. earpick, auriscalp, a small instrument for removing earwax from the ear
  3. space or place, opening, interval, room, between two or among many things
    Synonyms: آرا (ara), آرالق (aralık), بوشلق (boşluk), مابین (mabeyin), مسافه (mesafe)

Derived terms
  • خلال اوتی (hilal otu, “toothpickweed”)
  • خلالی (hilalî, “maker or seller of toothpicks”)

Descendants

Further reading

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic خِلَالَ (ḵilāla).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /xi.laːl/, [xɪˈlæːl]
  • Audio (Ramallah)(file)

Preposition

خلال • (ḵilāl)

  1. within, during, in the course of
  2. through
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