حريف
Arabic
Etymology 1
From حَرْف (ḥarf, “sharp edge”) from the root ح ر ف (ḥ-r-f), or probably from Aramaic חריף / ܚܪܝܦ (ḥarrīp̄) found in broader meaning, also literally “sharp”, of smell, high-pitched voices, “current” in application to a silver coin etc., from the cognate root ח־ר־ף / ܚ-ܪ-ܦ (ḥ-r-p) related to sharpness, probably related to Proto-Semitic *x̣arb- (“sharp blade”) whence Arabic حَرْب (ḥarb, “war”), حَرْبَة (ḥarba, “spear”), and also conceivable in the source of Aramaic-borrowed حُرْف (ḥurf, “cress”), since cress is described as of mustard- to radish-like, slightly pungent to peppery taste and smell.
Adjective
حِرِّيف • (ḥirrīf)
- pungent, acrid (taste)
- 850–861, علي بن سهل ربن الطبري [ʿAlī ibn Sahl Rabban aṭ-Ṭabarī], edited by Oliver Kahl, ʿAlī ibn Sahl Rabban aṭ-Ṭabarī’s Health Regimen or “Book of the Pearl” كتاب اللؤلؤة (Islamic Philosophy, Theology and Science. Texts and Studies; 115), Leiden: Brill, published 2020, →ISBN, § 80–81, page 102:
- إن من أراد الصحة فينبغي أن يقوم من نومه في السُبْع الأخير من الليل وليسبغ وُضُوءَه ويلبس أنظف ثيابه ويبدأ بحمد الله والتضرع إليه في حاجاته. ويستاك من أشجار مُرّة أو حِرِّيفة.
- He who desires to stay healthy should rise from sleep in the last seventh of the night, expand into a proper ablution, put on his tidiest garment, and begin by praising God and imploring him to provide help when needs befall. He cleans his teeth with a twig from bitter or pungent trees.
Declension
Declension of adjective حِرِّيف (ḥirrīf)
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | حِرِّيف ḥirrīf |
الْحِرِّيف al-ḥirrīf |
حِرِّيفَة ḥirrīfa |
الْحِرِّيفَة al-ḥirrīfa |
Nominative | حِرِّيفٌ ḥirrīfun |
الْحِرِّيفُ al-ḥirrīfu |
حِرِّيفَةٌ ḥirrīfatun |
الْحِرِّيفَةُ al-ḥirrīfatu |
Accusative | حِرِّيفًا ḥirrīfan |
الْحِرِّيفَ al-ḥirrīfa |
حِرِّيفَةً ḥirrīfatan |
الْحِرِّيفَةَ al-ḥirrīfata |
Genitive | حِرِّيفٍ ḥirrīfin |
الْحِرِّيفِ al-ḥirrīfi |
حِرِّيفَةٍ ḥirrīfatin |
الْحِرِّيفَةِ al-ḥirrīfati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | حِرِّيفَيْن ḥirrīfayn |
الْحِرِّيفَيْن al-ḥirrīfayn |
حِرِّيفَتَيْن ḥirrīfatayn |
الْحِرِّيفَتَيْن al-ḥirrīfatayn |
Nominative | حِرِّيفَانِ ḥirrīfāni |
الْحِرِّيفَانِ al-ḥirrīfāni |
حِرِّيفَتَانِ ḥirrīfatāni |
الْحِرِّيفَتَانِ al-ḥirrīfatāni |
Accusative | حِرِّيفَيْنِ ḥirrīfayni |
الْحِرِّيفَيْنِ al-ḥirrīfayni |
حِرِّيفَتَيْنِ ḥirrīfatayni |
الْحِرِّيفَتَيْنِ al-ḥirrīfatayni |
Genitive | حِرِّيفَيْنِ ḥirrīfayni |
الْحِرِّيفَيْنِ al-ḥirrīfayni |
حِرِّيفَتَيْنِ ḥirrīfatayni |
الْحِرِّيفَتَيْنِ al-ḥirrīfatayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
sound masculine plural | sound feminine plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | حِرِّيفِين ḥirrīfīn |
الْحِرِّيفِين al-ḥirrīfīn |
حِرِّيفَات ḥirrīfāt |
الْحِرِّيفَات al-ḥirrīfāt |
Nominative | حِرِّيفُونَ ḥirrīfūna |
الْحِرِّيفُونَ al-ḥirrīfūna |
حِرِّيفَاتٌ ḥirrīfātun |
الْحِرِّيفَاتُ al-ḥirrīfātu |
Accusative | حِرِّيفِينَ ḥirrīfīna |
الْحِرِّيفِينَ al-ḥirrīfīna |
حِرِّيفَاتٍ ḥirrīfātin |
الْحِرِّيفَاتِ al-ḥirrīfāti |
Genitive | حِرِّيفِينَ ḥirrīfīna |
الْحِرِّيفِينَ al-ḥirrīfīna |
حِرِّيفَاتٍ ḥirrīfātin |
الْحِرِّيفَاتِ al-ḥirrīfāti |
Noun
حِرِّيف • (ḥirrīf) m (plural حِرِّيفَات (ḥirrīfāt))
- (usually in the plural) spicy food, delicacies
Declension
Declension of noun حِرِّيف (ḥirrīf)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | حِرِّيف ḥirrīf |
الْحِرِّيف al-ḥirrīf |
حِرِّيف ḥirrīf |
Nominative | حِرِّيفٌ ḥirrīfun |
الْحِرِّيفُ al-ḥirrīfu |
حِرِّيفُ ḥirrīfu |
Accusative | حِرِّيفًا ḥirrīfan |
الْحِرِّيفَ al-ḥirrīfa |
حِرِّيفَ ḥirrīfa |
Genitive | حِرِّيفٍ ḥirrīfin |
الْحِرِّيفِ al-ḥirrīfi |
حِرِّيفِ ḥirrīfi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | حِرِّيفَيْن ḥirrīfayn |
الْحِرِّيفَيْن al-ḥirrīfayn |
حِرِّيفَيْ ḥirrīfay |
Nominative | حِرِّيفَانِ ḥirrīfāni |
الْحِرِّيفَانِ al-ḥirrīfāni |
حِرِّيفَا ḥirrīfā |
Accusative | حِرِّيفَيْنِ ḥirrīfayni |
الْحِرِّيفَيْنِ al-ḥirrīfayni |
حِرِّيفَيْ ḥirrīfay |
Genitive | حِرِّيفَيْنِ ḥirrīfayni |
الْحِرِّيفَيْنِ al-ḥirrīfayni |
حِرِّيفَيْ ḥirrīfay |
Plural | sound feminine plural | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | حِرِّيفَات ḥirrīfāt |
الْحِرِّيفَات al-ḥirrīfāt |
حِرِّيفَات ḥirrīfāt |
Nominative | حِرِّيفَاتٌ ḥirrīfātun |
الْحِرِّيفَاتُ al-ḥirrīfātu |
حِرِّيفَاتُ ḥirrīfātu |
Accusative | حِرِّيفَاتٍ ḥirrīfātin |
الْحِرِّيفَاتِ al-ḥirrīfāti |
حِرِّيفَاتِ ḥirrīfāti |
Genitive | حِرِّيفَاتٍ ḥirrīfātin |
الْحِرِّيفَاتِ al-ḥirrīfāti |
حِرِّيفَاتِ ḥirrīfāti |
Noun
حَرِيف • (ḥarīf) m (plural حُرَفَاء (ḥurafāʔ))
Declension
Declension of noun حَرِيف (ḥarīf)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | حَرِيف ḥarīf |
الْحَرِيف al-ḥarīf |
حَرِيف ḥarīf |
Nominative | حَرِيفٌ ḥarīfun |
الْحَرِيفُ al-ḥarīfu |
حَرِيفُ ḥarīfu |
Accusative | حَرِيفًا ḥarīfan |
الْحَرِيفَ al-ḥarīfa |
حَرِيفَ ḥarīfa |
Genitive | حَرِيفٍ ḥarīfin |
الْحَرِيفِ al-ḥarīfi |
حَرِيفِ ḥarīfi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | حَرِيفَيْن ḥarīfayn |
الْحَرِيفَيْن al-ḥarīfayn |
حَرِيفَيْ ḥarīfay |
Nominative | حَرِيفَانِ ḥarīfāni |
الْحَرِيفَانِ al-ḥarīfāni |
حَرِيفَا ḥarīfā |
Accusative | حَرِيفَيْنِ ḥarīfayni |
الْحَرِيفَيْنِ al-ḥarīfayni |
حَرِيفَيْ ḥarīfay |
Genitive | حَرِيفَيْنِ ḥarīfayni |
الْحَرِيفَيْنِ al-ḥarīfayni |
حَرِيفَيْ ḥarīfay |
Plural | basic broken plural diptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | حُرَفَاء ḥurafāʔ |
الْحُرَفَاء al-ḥurafāʔ |
حُرَفَاء ḥurafāʔ |
Nominative | حُرَفَاءُ ḥurafāʔu |
الْحُرَفَاءُ al-ḥurafāʔu |
حُرَفَاءُ ḥurafāʔu |
Accusative | حُرَفَاءَ ḥurafāʔa |
الْحُرَفَاءَ al-ḥurafāʔa |
حُرَفَاءَ ḥurafāʔa |
Genitive | حُرَفَاءَ ḥurafāʔa |
الْحُرَفَاءِ al-ḥurafāʔi |
حُرَفَاءِ ḥurafāʔi |
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