بخشش

See also: تحسس

Gulf Arabic

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian بخشش (“gift, donation, tip”).

Verb

بخشش • (baḵšaš) (imperfect يبخشش (yibaḵšiš))

  1. to tip
    بخششته عشرة درهم.
    baḵšašta ʿašara dirhim.
    I tipped him ten dirhams.
  2. to bribe

References

Hamdi A. Qafisheh (1997) NTC's Gulf Arabic-English Dictionary, USA: NTC Publishing Group, →ISBN

Persian

Etymology

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ḤLKWN-šn'), [Book Pahlavi needed] (bhššn' /⁠baxšišn⁠/, “bestowal, distribution”). By surface analysis, بخش (baxš) +‎ ـش (-eš). Akin to Old Armenian բաշխիշ (bašxiš), an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [bäx.ʃɪʃ]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [bäx.ʃɪʃ]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [bäx.ʃiʃ]

Readings
Classical reading? baxšiš
Dari reading? baxšiš
Iranian reading? baxšeš
Tajik reading? baxšiš

Noun
Dari بخشش
Iranian Persian
Tajik бахшиш

بخشش • (baxšeš)

  1. gift, donation
  2. lot, bestowal
  3. bounty, tip, baksheesh
  4. mercy, generosity
  5. forgiveness, pardon

Descendants
  • → Azerbaijani: bəxşiş
  • → Bengali: বখশিশ (bôkhśiś), বকশিশ (bôkśiś)
  • → Gulf Arabic: بخشش (baḵšaš)
  • → Gujarati: બક્ષિશ (bakṣiś), બખશીશ (bakhśīś)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: بخشش (bahşiş)
  • → Punjabi: ਬਖਸ਼ (bakhaś), ਬਖਸ਼ਸ਼ (bakhśaś), ਬਖਸ਼ੀਸ਼ (bakhśīś)

References
  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “բաշխիշ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 412a
  • Hübschmann, Heinrich (1895) Persische Studien [Persian Studies] (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, page 235
  • Nyberg, H. S. (1974) “baxšišn”, in A Manual of Pahlavi, Part II: Glossary, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 45b
  • Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 56

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian بخشش (baxšiš).

Noun

بخشش • (baxšiš) f (Hindi spelling बख़्शिश)

  1. pardon
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