חמץ

See also: ח־מ־ץ

Aramaic

Verb

חמץ • (transliteration needed)

  1. To be sour.

Hebrew

Etymology
Root
ח־מ־ץ (ḥ-m-ṣ)

Cognate with Jewish Babylonian Aramaic חמע, Classical Syriac ܚܡܥ, Arabic حَامِض (ḥāmiḍ) and Akkadian 𒄩𒁀𒍮 (ḫabāṣu, ḫamāṣu, “to be cheerful, to be elated from alcohol”).

Pronunciation

Verb

חָמֵץ • (khaméts) third-singular masculine past (pa'al construction)

  1. To leaven, ferment. (of dough)

Conjugation
Conjugation of חָמַץ (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs) 
non-finite forms
  • to-infinitive: לחמוץ / לַחֲמֹץ
  • action noun: —
  • passive participle: חָמוּץ
finite forms singular plural
m. f. m. f.
past first חָמַצְתִּיחָמַצְנוּ
second חָמַצְתָּחָמַצְתְּחֲמַצְתֶּם1חֲמַצְתֶּן1
third חָמַץחָמְצָהחָמְצוּ
present חָמֵץחֲמֵצָהחֲמֵצִיםחֲמֵצוֹת
future first אֶחֱמַץנֶחֱמַץ
second תֶּחֱמַץתֶּחֶמְצִיתֶּחֶמְצוּתֶּחֱמַצְנָה2
third יֶחֱמַץתֶּחֱמַץיֶחֶמְצוּתֶּחֱמַצְנָה2
imperative חֲמַץחִמְצִיחִמְצוּחֲמַצְנָה2
notes
  1. Pronounced חָמַצְתֶּם and חָמַצְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew.
  2. Rare in Modern Hebrew.

or

Conjugation of חָמַץ (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs) 
non-finite forms
  • to-infinitive: לחמוץ / לַחְמֹץ
  • action noun: —
  • passive participle: חָמוּץ
finite forms singular plural
m. f. m. f.
past first חָמַצְתִּיחָמַצְנוּ
second חָמַצְתָּחָמַצְתְּחֲמַצְתֶּם1חֲמַצְתֶּן1
third חָמַץחָמְצָהחָמְצוּ
present חָמֵץחֲמֵצָהחֲמֵצִיםחֲמֵצוֹת
future first אֶחְמַץנֶחְמַץ
second תֶּחְמַץתֶּחְמְצִיתֶּחְמְצוּתֶּחְמַצְנָה2
third יֶחְמַץתֶּחְמַץיֶחְמְצוּתֶּחְמַצְנָה2
imperative חֲמַץחִמְצִיחִמְצוּחֲמַצְנָה2
notes
  1. Pronounced חָמַצְתֶּם and חָמַצְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew.
  2. Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Noun

חָמֵץ • (khaméts) m

  1. (Judaism, collective) chametz (foods with leavening agents that are forbidden on the Jewish holiday of Passover)

Usage notes
  • Used mostly in the context of the rules and rituals ahead of and during the Jewish holiday of Passover, where it denotes products forbidden for consumption or possession by Jews during the holiday. In this context, the opposite of חָמֵץ is כָּשֵׁר לְפֶּסַח (kashér lepésakh, “kosher for Passover”).

Derived terms

Noun

חֹמֶץ • (khómets) m

  1. defective spelling of חומץ (vinegar)

References
  • Duschak, Moritz (1870) Die Botanik des Talmud (in German), Pest: I. Neuer, pages 32–33

Yiddish

Etymology

From Hebrew חָמֵץ.

Pronunciation
  • (YIVO, Litvish) IPA(key): /ˈχɔmət͡s/
  • (Poylish) IPA(key): /ˈχumət͡s/

Noun

חמץ • (khomets) m

  1. (Judaism) chametz (foods with leavening agents that are forbidden on the Jewish holiday of Passover)

Derived terms
  • חמצדיק (khometsdik)
  • בדיקת-חמץ (bedikes-khomets)
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