մշակ

Armenian

Etymology

From Old Armenian մշակ (mšak).

Pronunciation

Noun

մշակ • (mšak)

  1. tiller, farmer, cultivator
    Synonym: ռանչպար (ṙančʻpar)
  2. porter, bearer
  3. worker, laborer, hand

Declension

Old Armenian

Etymology

A Middle Iranian borrowing: compare Khotanese mäṣṣa- (field)[1][2][3] and Central Kurdish مووچە (mûçe, field). Also from Iranian: Old Georgian მუშაკი (mušaḳi), Aghwan 𐕌𐕒𐕡𐔽𐔰𐕄 (muˁaḳ, laborer, worker), Bats მუშაჸო̆ (mušaʾŏ, laborer).

Noun

մշակ • (mšak)

  1. agricultural laborer
    • 5th century, Bible, 1 Timothy 5.18:
      Արժանի է մշակն վարձու իւրոյ։
      Aržani ē mšakn varju iwroy.
      The laborer deserves his wages.

Declension

Synonyms

  • երկրագործ (erkragorc), հողագործ (hołagorc), այգեգործ (aygegorc)

Derived terms

  • անմշակելի (anmšakeli)
  • մշակագործեմ (mšakagorcem)
  • մշակագործութիւն (mšakagorcutʻiwn)
  • մշակական (mšakakan)
  • մշակակրութիւն (mšakakrutʻiwn)
  • մշականման (mšakanman)
  • մշակեմ (mšakem)
  • մշակեցուցանեմ (mšakecʻucʻanem)
  • մշակութիւն (mšakutʻiwn)

Descendants

  • Armenian: մշակ (mšak)

References

  1. Bailey, H. W. (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, pages 332–333
  2. Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 242–243
  3. J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “մշակ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 531ab

Further reading

  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “մշակ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, page 335ab. Not knowing about the Khotanese word, Ačaṙean derived the Armenian from the Caucasian cognates.
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1837) “մշակ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, pages 287–288
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “մշակ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 481a
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