խլուրդ

Armenian

Խլուրդ (1)

Etymology

From Old Armenian խլուրդ (xlurd).

Pronunciation

Noun

խլուրդ • (xlurd)

  1. mole (animal)
  2. (dialectal) small lizard
  3. (dialectal) wooden lock
  4. (dialectal) gangrene, canker

Declension

Derived terms

  • խլրդային (xlrdayin)
  • խլրդբլոց (xlrdblocʻ)
  • խլրդկտոց (xlrdktocʻ)
  • խլրդուկ (xlrduk)

Further reading

Old Armenian

Alternative forms

Etymology

A Classical Syriac borrowing: compare Classical Syriac ܚܘܠܕܐ (ḥuldā, mole), ܚܠܕܘܕܐ (ḥalḏūḏā, ḥaləḏūḏā, field mouse or jerboa),[1] ܚܠܘܕܐ (ḥallūḏā, ḥālūḏā, field mouse or jerboa), ܚܠܕܝܬܐ (ḥalāḏīṯā, gangrene, canker) (attested in the same passages of Aphrahat as խլիրդն (xlirdn), խլրդենի (xlrdeni, gangrene, canker)), all from the root ܚ-ܠ-ܕ (ḥ-l-d) related to crawling. See also խլրտամ (xlrtam).

Noun

խլուրդ • (xlurd)

  1. mole (animal)
    • 5th century, Bible, Leviticus 11.30:[2]
      [] եւ մկնաքիս եւ գետնառեւծ եւ կովադիաց եւ մողէզ եւ խլուրդ (var. խլուրդն):
      [] ew mknakʻis ew getnaṙewc ew kovadiacʻ ew mołēz ew xlurd (var. xlurdn):
      • Translation by New English Translation of the Septuagint
        [] field mouse and chameleon and gecko and lizard and blind rat.
    • 10/13th century, Tʻovmay Arcruni and Ananun, Patmutʻiwn tann Arcruneacʻ [History of the House of Artsrunik] :[3][4]
      Ո՜վ Բաբելացի կոյր՝ ունելով խելապատակ ցնդեալ ի մկանց եւ ի խլրդից []
      O!v Babelacʻi koyr, unelov xelapatak cʻndeal i mkancʻ ew i xlrdicʻ []
      • Translation by Robert W. Thomson
        Oh blind Babylonian with brains addled by mice and moles []
    • 11th century, Grigor Magistros, Grigor Magistrosi tʻłtʻerə [The letters of Grigor Magistros] :[5]
      [] կափուցեալ զաչս իբրև զխլուրդս []
      [] kapʻucʻeal začʻs ibrew zxlurds []
    • 13th century, Patmutʻiwn vracʻ [The History of Georgians] :[6][7]
      Եւ ասէ ցնա Վախթանգ․ Անմիտ դու և մուկն խլուրդ []
      Ew asē cʻna Vaxtʻang; Anmit du ew mukn xlurd []
      • Translation by Robert W. Thomson
        Vaxt‘ang said to him: ‘You are a stupid mouse-like mole []
  2. (only in the form խլիրդն (xlirdn)) gangrene, canker
    Synonym: խլրդենի (xlrdeni)
    • 5th century, Aphrahat, Zgōn [Demonstrations] VII.3:[8][9]
      [] իսկ որ խլրդենին (var. խլիրդն) ստանայ յանձն իւր, չիք ինչ հնար բժշկութեան նորա []
      [] isk or xlrdenin (var. xlirdn) stanay yanjn iwr, čʻikʻ inčʻ hnar bžškutʻean nora []
      • Translation by Guy Lafontaine
        [] (ei) qui autem gangraenam habet in se ipso, non est ullum remedium sanationis ei []
    • 5th century, Aphrahat, Zgōn [Demonstrations] VII.5:[10][11]
      [] զէն ոչ կարեն զգենուլ, զի խլրդենի (var. խլիրդն) ստացան ի մարմինս իւրեանց։ Եւ մինչ խլրդենին ի (var. մինչև խլիրդն առ) նոսա իցէ և ժպրհեսցին զէն զգենուլ []
      [] zēn očʻ karen zgenul, zi xlrdeni (var. xlirdn) stacʻan i marmins iwreancʻ. Ew minčʻ xlrdenin i (var. minčʻew xlirdn aṙ) nosa icʻē ew žprhescʻin zēn zgenul []
      • Translation by Guy Lafontaine
        [] arma non possunt induere, quod gangraenam habuerunt in corporibus suis. Et dum gangraena in eis erit et audebunt arma induere []

Usage notes

  • In the Bible, translates Ancient Greek ἀσπάλαξ (aspálax).
  • The passage in Arcruni alludes to Leviticus 11.30 which refers to mice and moles as unclean animals.
  • Some dictionaries postulate a nominative *խլուրդն (*xlurdn) based on the genitive խլրդան (xlrdan), but it could be the genitive of the form խլիրդն (xlirdn) attested as a variant reading of the sense "gangrene, canker".

Declension

Derived terms

  • խլրդենի (xlrdeni)
  • խլրդնի (xlrdni)
  • հլրդենի (hlrdeni)

Descendants

  • Armenian: խլուրդ (xlurd)

References

  1. Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “խլուրդ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 374ab
  2. Zēytʻunean A. S., editor (1993), Girkʻ Łewtacʻwocʻ [Book of Leviticus] (Hay hnaguyn tʻargmanakan hušarjanner; 4), Antelias: Holy See of Cilicia, critical text, page 87
  3. Tʻovma Arcruni ew Ananun (2006) M. H. Darbinyan-Melikʻyan, editor, Patmutʻiwn Tann Arcruneacʻ [History of the House of Artsrunik], Yerevan: Magaghat, critical text with introduction and commentary, page 29
  4. Thomson, Robert W. (1985) Thomas Artsruni, History of the House of the Artsrunik‘: translation and commentary (Byzantine texts in translation), Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press, page 84
  5. Kostaneancʻ, Karapet (1910) Grigor Magistrosi tʻġtʻerə [The letters of Grigor Magistros], Alexandropol: Gēorg Sanoyeancʻ Press, page 206
  6. J̌uanšēr (1884) Hamaṙōt patmutʻiwn vracʻ [Abridged History of Georgians] (Matenagrutʻiwnkʻ naxneacʻ), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 88
  7. Thomson, Robert W. (1996) Rewriting Caucasian History: The Medieval Armenian Adaptation of the Georgian Chronicles. The Original Georgian Texts and the Armenian Adaptation, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 208
  8. Lafontaine, Guy (1979) La version arménienne des œuvres d’Aphraate le Syrien. Tome II. Démonstrations VI–XII (Corpus scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium; 405. Scriptores Armeniaci; 9), a critical edition of the Old Armenian text, Louvain: Peeters, page 37
  9. Lafontaine, Guy (1979) La version arménienne des œuvres d’Aphraate le Syrien. Tome II. Démonstrations VI–XII (Corpus scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium; 406. Scriptores Armeniaci; 10), a translation from Old Armenian into Latin, Louvain: Peeters, page 22
  10. Lafontaine, Guy (1979) La version arménienne des œuvres d’Aphraate le Syrien. Tome II. Démonstrations VI–XII (Corpus scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium; 405. Scriptores Armeniaci; 9), a critical edition of the Old Armenian text, Louvain: Peeters, page 39
  11. Lafontaine, Guy (1979) La version arménienne des œuvres d’Aphraate le Syrien. Tome II. Démonstrations VI–XII (Corpus scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium; 406. Scriptores Armeniaci; 10), a translation from Old Armenian into Latin, Louvain: Peeters, page 22

Further reading

  • ḥld”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2021-06-26
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836) “խլուրդ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume I, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 946c
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836) “խլիրդն”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume I, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 946b
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “խլուրդ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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