цьма
Belarusian
Alternative forms
Etymology
Inherited from Old Ruthenian тьма (tʹma), from Old East Slavic тьма (tĭma), from Proto-Slavic *tьma, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *timāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *temH-. Compare Czech tma, Polish ćma, Russian, Ukrainian тьма (tʹma).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [t͡sʲma]
- Hyphenation: ць‧ма
Noun
цьма • (cʹma) f inan (genitive цьмы, uncountable)
- darkness
- Synonyms: цемната́ (cjemnatá), цямно́та (cjamnóta), це́мень (cjémjenʹ), по́цемкі (pócjemki), мо́рак (mórak), мрок (mrok), це́мра (cjémra)
- Antonym: святло́ (svjatló)
- Наво́кала бе́злюдзь і цьма, І то́лькі кігі́каюць со́вы.
- Navókala bjézljudzʹ i cʹma, I tólʹki kihíkajucʹ sóvy.
- All around is desolation and darkness, and only owls are hooting.
- (colloquial) lots, heaps, myriad, multitude, swarm, crowd (an overwhelmingly large number of people, animals, plants or other things)
- Synonym: про́цьма (prócʹma)
- 1912, Кандрат Лейка, Снатворны мак, Вільня: Артель Печатнаго Дѣла, page 11:
- Ось і цяпер Бог паслаў вельмі цёплую вясну; усюды напладзілася такая цьма рознае машкары, што ліку німа ей.
- Osʹ i cjapjer Boh paslaŭ vjelʹmi cjópluju vjasnu; usjudy napladzilasja takaja cʹma róznaje maškary, što liku njama joj.
- And nowadays God sent us a very warm spring; myriads of various insects spawned everywhere so much that they are countless.
Declension
Declension of цьма (inan sg-only hard fem-form accent-d)
| singular | |
|---|---|
| nominative | цьма cʹma |
| genitive | цьмы cʹmy |
| dative | цьме cʹmje |
| accusative | цьму cʹmu |
| instrumental | цьмой, цьмо́ю cʹmoj, cʹmóju |
| locative | цьме cʹmje |
References
- “цьма” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
- “цьма”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)
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