среда

Bulgarian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic срѣда (srěda), from Proto-Slavic *serda.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [srɛˈda]
  • Audio(file)

Noun

среда́ • (sredá) f (relational adjective сре́ден)

  1. middle, mean
    зла́тна среда́ ― zlátna sredá ― golden mean, happy medium
  2. (figurative) environment, surroundings
  3. (figurative) circle (group of like-minded people)
  4. (computing) ware

Declension
Declension of среда́
singular plural
indefinite среда́
sredá		 среди́
sredí
definite среда́та
sredáta		 среди́те
sredíte

Alternative forms

Derived terms
  • сред (sred, adverb)
    • всред (vsred)
    • насред (nasred)
    • посред (posred)
  • сред- (sred-) (as a first element in compounds)

References
  • “среда”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
  • “среда”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
  • Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “среда”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 412
  • “срѣда”, in Старобългарски речник [Old Bulgarian Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2024

Anagrams

Komi-Zyrian

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈsreda/, [ˈsredä]
  • Hyphenation: сре‧да

Noun

среда • (sreda)

  1. Alternative form of середа (śereda)

Declension
Declension of среда (stem: среда-)
singular plural
nominative среда (sreda) средаяс (sredajas)
accusative I* среда (sreda) средаяс (sredajas)
II* средаӧс (sredaös) средаясӧс (sredajasös)
instrumental средаӧн (sredaön) средаясӧн (sredajasön)
comitative средакӧд (sredaköd) средаяскӧд (sredajasköd)
caritive средатӧг (sredatög) средаястӧг (sredajastög)
consecutive средала (sredala) средаясла (sredajasla)
genitive средалӧн (sredalön) средаяслӧн (sredajaslön)
ablative средалысь (sredalyś) средаяслысь (sredajaslyś)
dative средалы (sredaly) средаяслы (sredajasly)
inessive средаын (sredayn) средаясын (sredajasyn)
elative средаысь (sredayś) средаясысь (sredajasyś)
illative средаӧ (sredaö) средаясӧ (sredajasö)
egressive средасянь (sredaśań) средаяссянь (sredajasśań)
approximative средалань (sredalań) средаяслань (sredajaslań)
terminative средаӧдз (sredaödź) средаясӧдз (sredajasödź)
prolative I средаӧд (sredaöd) средаясӧд (sredajasöd)
II средаті (sredati) средаясті (sredajasti)
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
Possessive declension of среда
First person singular
singular plural
nominative средаӧй (sredaöj) средаясӧй (sredajasöj)
accusative I* средаӧй (sredaöj) средаясӧй (sredajasöj)
II* средаӧс (sredaös) средаясӧс (sredajasös)
instrumental среданам (sredanam) средаяснам (sredajasnam)
comitative средаӧйкӧд (sredaöjköd) средаясӧйкӧд (sredajasöjköd)
caritive средатӧгым (sredatögym) средаястӧгым (sredajastögym)
consecutive средаӧйла (sredaöjla) средаясӧйла (sredajasöjla)
genitive средаӧйлӧн (sredaöjlön) средаясӧйлӧн (sredajasöjlön)
ablative средаӧйлысь (sredaöjlyś) средаясӧйлысь (sredajasöjlyś)
dative средаӧйлы (sredaöjly) средаясӧйлы (sredajasöjly)
inessive средаам (sredaam) средаясам (sredajasam)
elative средасьым (sredaśym) средаяссьым (sredajasśym)
illative средаам (sredaam) средаясам (sredajasam)
egressive средасяньым (sredaśańym) средаяссяньым (sredajasśańym)
approximative средаланьым (sredalańym) средаясланьым (sredajaslańym)
terminative средаӧдзым (sredaödźym) средаясӧдзым (sredajasödźym)
prolative I средаӧдым (sredaödym) средаясӧдым (sredajasödym)
II средатіым (sredatiym) средаястіым (sredajastiym)
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
Second person singular
singular plural
nominative средаыд (sredayd) средаясыд (sredajasyd)
accusative I* средаыд (sredayd) средаясыд (sredajasyd)
II* средатӧ (sredatö) средаястӧ (sredajastö)
instrumental среданад (sredanad) средаяснад (sredajasnad)
comitative средаыдкӧд (sredaydköd) средаясыдкӧд (sredajasydköd)
caritive средатӧгыд (sredatögyd) средаястӧгыд (sredajastögyd)
consecutive средаыдла (sredaydla) средаясыдла (sredajasydla)
genitive средаыдлӧн (sredaydlön) средаясыдлӧн (sredajasydlön)
ablative средаыдлысь (sredaydlyś) средаясыдлысь (sredajasydlyś)
dative средаыдлы (sredaydly) средаясыдлы (sredajasydly)
inessive средаад (sredaad) средаясад (sredajasad)
elative средасьыд (sredaśyd) средаяссьыд (sredajasśyd)
illative средаад (sredaad) средаясад (sredajasad)
egressive средасяньыд (sredaśańyd) средаяссяньыд (sredajasśańyd)
approximative средаланьыд (sredalańyd) средаясланьыд (sredajaslańyd)
terminative средаӧдзыд (sredaödźyd) средаясӧдзыд (sredajasödźyd)
prolative I средаӧдыд (sredaödyd) средаясӧдыд (sredajasödyd)
II средатіыд (sredatiyd) средаястіыд (sredajastiyd)
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
Third person singular
singular plural
nominative средаыс (sredays) средаясыс (sredajasys)
accusative I* средаыс (sredays) средаясыс (sredajasys)
II* средасӧ (sredasö) средаяссӧ (sredajassö)
instrumental среданас (sredanas) средаяснас (sredajasnas)
comitative средаыскӧд (sredaysköd) средаясыскӧд (sredajasysköd)
caritive средатӧгыс (sredatögys) средаястӧгыс (sredajastögys)
consecutive средаысла (sredaysla) средаясысла (sredajasysla)
genitive средаыслӧн (sredayslön) средаясыслӧн (sredajasyslön)
ablative средаыслысь (sredayslyś) средаясыслысь (sredajasyslyś)
dative средаыслы (sredaysly) средаясыслы (sredajasysly)
inessive средаас (sredaas) средаясас (sredajasas)
elative средасьыс (sredaśys) средаяссьыс (sredajasśys)
illative средаас (sredaas) средаясас (sredajasas)
egressive средасяньыс (sredaśańys) средаяссяньыс (sredajasśańys)
approximative средаланьыс (sredalańys) средаясланьыс (sredajaslańys)
terminative средаӧдзыс (sredaödźys) средаясӧдзыс (sredajasödźys)
prolative I средаӧдыс (sredaödys) средаясӧдыс (sredajasödys)
II средатіыс (sredatiys) средаястіыс (sredajastiys)
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
First person plural
singular plural
nominative среданым (sredanym) средаясным (sredajasnym)
accusative I* среданым (sredanym) средаясным (sredajasnym)
II* среданымӧ (sredanymö) средаяснымӧ (sredajasnymö)
instrumental средананым (sredananym) средаяснаным (sredajasnanym)
comitative среданымкӧд (sredanymköd) средаяснымкӧд (sredajasnymköd)
caritive средатӧгным (sredatögnym) средаястӧгным (sredajastögnym)
consecutive среданымла (sredanymla) средаяснымла (sredajasnymla)
genitive среданымлӧн (sredanymlön) средаяснымлӧн (sredajasnymlön)
ablative среданымлысь (sredanymlyś) средаяснымлысь (sredajasnymlyś)
dative среданымлы (sredanymly) средаяснымлы (sredajasnymly)
inessive средааным (sredaanym) средаясаным (sredajasanym)
elative средасьыным (sredaśynym) средаяссьыным (sredajasśynym)
illative средааным (sredaanym) средаясаным (sredajasanym)
egressive средасяньным (sredaśańnym) средаяссяньным (sredajasśańnym)
approximative средаланьным (sredalańnym) средаясланьным (sredajaslańnym)
terminative средаӧдзным (sredaödźnym) средаясӧдзным (sredajasödźnym)
prolative I средаӧдным (sredaödnym) средаясӧдным (sredajasödnym)
II средатіным (sredatinym) средаястіным (sredajastinym)
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
Second person plural
singular plural
nominative среданыд (sredanyd) средаясныд (sredajasnyd)
accusative I* среданыд (sredanyd) средаясныд (sredajasnyd)
II* среданытӧ (sredanytö) средаяснытӧ (sredajasnytö)
instrumental средананыд (sredananyd) средаяснаныд (sredajasnanyd)
comitative среданыдкӧд (sredanydköd) средаясныдкӧд (sredajasnydköd)
caritive средатӧгныд (sredatögnyd) средаястӧгныд (sredajastögnyd)
consecutive среданыдла (sredanydla) средаясныдла (sredajasnydla)
genitive среданыдлӧн (sredanydlön) средаясныдлӧн (sredajasnydlön)
ablative среданыдлысь (sredanydlyś) средаясныдлысь (sredajasnydlyś)
dative среданыдлы (sredanydly) средаясныдлы (sredajasnydly)
inessive средааныд (sredaanyd) средаясаныд (sredajasanyd)
elative средасьыныд (sredaśynyd) средаяссьыныд (sredajasśynyd)
illative средааныд (sredaanyd) средаясаныд (sredajasanyd)
egressive средасяньныд (sredaśańnyd) средаяссяньныд (sredajasśańnyd)
approximative средаланьныд (sredalańnyd) средаясланьныд (sredajaslańnyd)
terminative средаӧдзныд (sredaödźnyd) средаясӧдзныд (sredajasödźnyd)
prolative I средаӧдныд (sredaödnyd) средаясӧдныд (sredajasödnyd)
II средатіныд (sredatinyd) средаястіныд (sredajastinyd)
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.
Third person plural
singular plural
nominative среданыс (sredanys) средаясныс (sredajasnys)
accusative I* среданыс (sredanys) средаясныс (sredajasnys)
II* среданысӧ (sredanysö) средаяснысӧ (sredajasnysö)
instrumental средананыс (sredananys) средаяснаныс (sredajasnanys)
comitative среданымкӧс (sredanymkös) средаяснымкӧс (sredajasnymkös)
caritive средатӧгныс (sredatögnys) средаястӧгныс (sredajastögnys)
consecutive среданысла (sredanysla) средаяснысла (sredajasnysla)
genitive среданыслӧн (sredanyslön) средаясныслӧн (sredajasnyslön)
ablative среданыслысь (sredanyslyś) средаясныслысь (sredajasnyslyś)
dative среданыслы (sredanysly) средаясныслы (sredajasnysly)
inessive средааныс (sredaanys) средаясаныс (sredajasanys)
elative средасьыныс (sredaśynys) средаяссьыныс (sredajasśynys)
illative средааныс (sredaanys) средаясаныс (sredajasanys)
egressive средасяньныс (sredaśańnys) средаяссяньныс (sredajasśańnys)
approximative средаланьныс (sredalańnys) средаясланьныс (sredajaslańnys)
terminative средаӧдзныс (sredaödźnys) средаясӧдзныс (sredajasödźnys)
prolative I средаӧдныс (sredaödnys) средаясӧдныс (sredajasödnys)
II средатіныс (sredatinys) средаястіныс (sredajastinys)
*) Animate nouns almost exclusively take the type II accusative ending, whereas inanimate nouns can be used with either ending, but are more often found with type I.

References
  • A. I. Podorova, editor (1948), Коми-русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], Syktyvkar: Коми Государственное Издательство, page 180

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *serda. Morphologically from среда (sreda), from средина (sredina, “middle”), meaning middle of the week.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈsrɛda]
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: сре‧да

Noun

сре́да • (sréda) f (plural сре́ди)

  1. Wednesday
    Во сре́да. ― Vo sréda. ― On Wednesday.

Declension
Declension of среда
singular plural
indefinite среда среди
definite unspecified средата средите
definite proximal средава средиве
definite distal средана средине
vocative средо среди

See also

References
  • “среда” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu

Russian

Alternative forms

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [srʲɪˈda]
  • Audio(file)

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic срѣда (srěda), from Proto-Slavic *serda. Displaced native Old East Slavic середа (sereda, “middle; Wednesday”) (cf. середа́ (seredá)), третииникъ (tretiinikŭ, “Wednesday”, literally “third (day)”).

Noun

среда́ • (sredá) f inan (genitive среды́, nominative plural сре́ды, genitive plural сред)

  1. Wednesday
    в сре́ду ― v srédu ― on Wednesday
    по среда́м ― po sredám ― on Wednesdays
    к среде́ ― k sredé ― by Wednesday
    со среды́ ― so sredý ― from Wednesday
    со среды́ до пя́тницы ― so sredý do pjátnicy ― from Wednesday to Friday
    в сле́дующую сре́ду ― v slédujuščuju srédu ― next Wednesday
Declension
Declension of среда́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-fʹ/dʹ) 
singular plural
nominative среда́
sredá		 сре́ды
srédy
genitive среды́
sredý		 сре́д
sréd
dative среде́
sredé		 среда́м, сре́дам*
sredám, srédam*
accusative сре́ду
srédu		 сре́ды
srédy
instrumental средо́й, средо́ю
sredój, sredóju		 среда́ми, сре́дами*
sredámi, srédami*
prepositional среде́
sredé		 среда́х, сре́дах*
sredáx, srédax*

* Proscribed.

Descendants
See also

Etymology 2

Same as Etymology 1

Noun

среда́ • (sredá) f inan (genitive среды́, nominative plural сре́ды, genitive plural сред)

  1. environment, surroundings, sphere
  2. midst
  3. medium
Declension
Declension of среда́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-d) 
singular plural
nominative среда́
sredá		 сре́ды
srédy
genitive среды́
sredý		 сре́д
sréd
dative среде́
sredé		 сре́дам
srédam
accusative среду́
sredú		 сре́ды
srédy
instrumental средо́й, средо́ю
sredój, sredóju		 сре́дами
srédami
prepositional среде́
sredé		 сре́дах
srédax
See also

References
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “среда”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From earlier srěda, from Proto-Slavic *serda.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /srěːda/
  • Hyphenation: сре‧да

Noun

сре́да f (Latin spelling sréda)

  1. Wednesday
  2. (expressively) middle, mean, midst

Declension
Declension of среда
singular plural
nominative среда среде
genitive среде среда
dative среди средама
accusative среду среде
vocative средо среде
locative среди средама
instrumental средом средама

Tundra Nenets
Days of the week
Previous: вторник (wtornyik°)
Next: четверг (ćyetwyerg°)

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian среда (sreda).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [srʲedʌ]
  • Hyphenation: сре‧да

Noun

среда • (sryeda)

  1. Wednesday

Declension
Declension of среда (sryeda) (regular)
singular dual plural
nominative среда (sryeda) средахӑʼ (sryedaxăh) средаˮ (sryedaq)
genitive средаʼ (sryedah) средахӑʼ (sryedaxăh) средиˮ (sryedyiq)
accusative средам (sryedam°) средахӑʼ (sryedaxăh) среди (sryedyi)
allative средан (sryedan°) средахӑняʼ (sryedaxănyah) средахӑˮ (sryedaxăq)
locative средахӑна (sryedaxăna) средахӑняна (sryedaxănyana) средахӑˮна (sryedaxăqna)
ablative средахӑд (sryedaxăd°) средахӑняд (sryedaxănyad°) средахӑт (sryedaxăt°)
prolative средавна (sryedawna) средахӑнямна (sryedaxănyamna) средиˮмӑна (sryedyiqmăna)

References
  • Pyrerka, A. P., Tereščenko, N. M. (1948) “среда”, in Русско-ненецкий словарь [Russian–Nenets Dictionary], Moscow: Огиз
  • N. M. Tereschenko (1965) “среда”, in Ненецко-русский словарь, Moscow: Советская Энциклопедия
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