кумжа

Russian

Etymology

Borrowed from a Sami language (compare Northern Sami guvžá and Kildin Sami куввч (kuvvč)), likely via Northern Finnish[1] dialects (kumsi) or Karelian kumša.[2]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈkumʐə]

Noun

ку́мжа • (kúmža) f anim (genitive ку́мжи, nominative plural ку́мжи, genitive plural кумж or ку́мжей)

  1. brown trout

Declension
Declension of ку́мжа (anim fem-form sibilant-stem accent-a irreg) 
singular plural
nominative ку́мжа
kúmža		 ку́мжи
kúmži
genitive ку́мжи
kúmži		 ку́мж, ку́мжей△
kúmž, kúmžej△
dative ку́мже
kúmže		 ку́мжам
kúmžam
accusative ку́мжу
kúmžu		 ку́мж, ку́мжей△
kúmž, kúmžej△
instrumental ку́мжей, ку́мжею
kúmžej, kúmžeju		 ку́мжами
kúmžami
prepositional ку́мже
kúmže		 ку́мжах
kúmžax

△ Irregular.

Pre-reform declension of ку́мжа (anim fem-form sibilant-stem accent-a irreg) 
singular plural
nominative ку́мжа
kúmža		 ку́мжи
kúmži
genitive ку́мжи
kúmži		 ку́мжъ, ку́мжей△
kúmž, kúmžej△
dative ку́мжѣ
kúmžě		 ку́мжамъ
kúmžam
accusative ку́мжу
kúmžu		 ку́мжъ, ку́мжей△
kúmž, kúmžej△
instrumental ку́мжей, ку́мжею
kúmžej, kúmžeju		 ку́мжами
kúmžami
prepositional ку́мжѣ
kúmžě		 ку́мжахъ
kúmžax

△ Irregular.

References
  1. Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “kumsi”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
  2. Pertti Virtaranta, Raija Koponen (2009) “kum(s)sa”, in Marja Torikka, editor, Karjalan kielen sanakirja‎, Helsinki: Kotus, →ISSN

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кумжа”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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