τραχεῖα ἀρτηρία

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From τρᾱχεῖᾰ (trākheîa, “rough”) +‎ ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ (artēríā, “windpipe, artery”).

Since windpipe (trachea) is the original meaning of ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ (artēríā),[1] it can be assumed that the term τραχεῖα ἀρτηρία developed later as a result of semantic specialization.

Noun

τραχεῖα ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ • (trakheîa artēríā) f (genitive τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱς); first declension

  1. windpipe, trachea
    Synonyms: ἀρτηρία (artēría), βρόγχος (brónkhos), γαργαρεών (gargareṓn)

Inflection
First declension of ἡ τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ; τῆς τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱς (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ἡ τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ
hē trakheia artēríā		 τὼ τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ
tṑ trakheia artēríā		 αἱ τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτήρῐαι
hai trakheia artḗriai
Genitive τῆς τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱς
tês trakheia artēríās		 τοῖν τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́αιν
toîn trakheia artēríain		 τῶν τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐῶν
tôn trakheia artēriôn
Dative τῇ τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾳ
têi trakheia artēríāi		 τοῖν τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́αιν
toîn trakheia artēríain		 ταῖς τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́αις
taîs trakheia artēríais
Accusative τὴν τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱν
tḕn trakheia artēríān		 τὼ τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ
tṑ trakheia artēríā		 τᾱ̀ς τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱς
tā̀s trakheia artēríās
Vocative τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ
trakheia artēríā		 τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ
trakheia artēríā		 τραχεια ᾰ̓ρτήρῐαι
trakheia artḗriai
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants
  • → Late Latin: trāchīa (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Farnebo, Lars-Ove (2023-06-02), chapter 4, in On the Greek Physician Praxagoras from Kos and the Development of Medicαl Thinking in Antiquity (Thesis), Lund University, page 19
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