σαυκός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

A number of wrong etymologies have been proposed, like a borrowing from an original Italic word related to αὖος (aûos, “dry”). Conversely, Furnée convincingly compares σαυχμόν (saukhmón, “tender; spongy; unsound”) and σαβακός (sabakós, “weak, moldered, smashed”). It follows that the word is Pre-Greek.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /sau̯.kós/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /saʍˈkos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /saɸˈkos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /safˈkos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /safˈkos/

Adjective

σαυκός • (saukós) m (feminine σαυκή, neuter σαυκόν); first/second declension

(at Syracuse) dry

Inflection

First and second declension of σαυκός; σαυκή; σαυκόν (Attic)

Number	Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	σαυκός saukós	σαυκή saukḗ	σαυκόν saukón	σαυκώ saukṓ	σαυκᾱ́ saukā́	σαυκώ saukṓ	σαυκοί saukoí	σαυκαί saukaí	σαυκᾰ́ sauká
Genitive	σαυκοῦ saukoû	σαυκῆς saukês	σαυκοῦ saukoû	σαυκοῖν saukoîn	σαυκαῖν saukaîn	σαυκοῖν saukoîn	σαυκῶν saukôn	σαυκῶν saukôn	σαυκῶν saukôn
Dative	σαυκῷ saukôi	σαυκῇ saukêi	σαυκῷ saukôi	σαυκοῖν saukoîn	σαυκαῖν saukaîn	σαυκοῖν saukoîn	σαυκοῖς saukoîs	σαυκαῖς saukaîs	σαυκοῖς saukoîs
Accusative	σαυκόν saukón	σαυκήν saukḗn	σαυκόν saukón	σαυκώ saukṓ	σαυκᾱ́ saukā́	σαυκώ saukṓ	σαυκούς saukoús	σαυκᾱ́ς saukā́s	σαυκᾰ́ sauká
Vocative	σαυκέ sauké	σαυκή saukḗ	σαυκόν saukón	σαυκώ saukṓ	σαυκᾱ́ saukā́	σαυκώ saukṓ	σαυκοί saukoí	σαυκαί saukaí	σαυκᾰ́ sauká
Derived forms	Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
Derived forms	σαυκῶς saukôs			σαυκότερος saukóteros			σαυκότᾰτος saukótatos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.