πλήθω
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- with root extension like plebs. Cognates include Latin pleo, Sanskrit पिपर्ति (piparti, “to fill”) and Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬨𐬞𐬁𐬟𐬭𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬌 (hampāfrāiti).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /plɛ̌ː.tʰɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈple̝.tʰo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈpli.θo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈpli.θo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈpli.θo/
Verb
πλήθω • (plḗthō)
Usage notes
Intransitive counterpart of πίμπλημῐ (pímplēmi).
Inflection
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | πλήθω | πλήθεις | πλήθει | πλήθετον | πλήθετον | πλήθομεν | πλήθετε | πλήθουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | πλήθω | πλήθῃς | πλήθῃ | πλήθητον | πλήθητον | πλήθωμεν | πλήθητε | πλήθωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | πλήθοιμῐ | πλήθοις | πλήθοι | πλήθοιτον | πληθοίτην | πλήθοιμεν | πλήθοιτε | πλήθοιεν | |||||
imperative | πλῆθε | πληθέτω | πλήθετον | πληθέτων | πλήθετε | πληθόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | πλήθειν | ||||||||||||
participle | m | πλήθων | |||||||||||
f | πλήθουσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | πλῆθον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: ἔπληθον
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔπληθον | ἔπληθες | ἔπληθε(ν) | ἐπλήθετον | ἐπληθέτην | ἐπλήθομεν | ἐπλήθετε | ἔπληθον | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Perfect: πέπληθᾰ
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | πέπληθᾰ | πέπληθᾰς | πέπληθε(ν) | πεπλήθᾰτον | πεπλήθᾰτον | πεπλήθᾰμεν | πεπλήθᾰτε | πεπλήθᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | πεπλήθω | πεπλήθῃς | πεπλήθῃ | πεπλήθητον | πεπλήθητον | πεπλήθωμεν | πεπλήθητε | πεπλήθωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | πεπλήθοιμῐ, πεπληθοίην |
πεπλήθοις, πεπληθοίης |
πεπλήθοι, πεπληθοίη |
πεπλήθοιτον | πεπληθοίτην | πεπλήθοιμεν | πεπλήθοιτε | πεπλήθοιεν | |||||
imperative | πέπληθε | πεπληθέτω | πεπλήθετον | πεπληθέτων | πεπλήθετε | πεπληθόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | πεπληθέναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | πεπληθώς | |||||||||||
f | πεπληθυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | πεπληθός | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Pluperfect: ἐπεπλήθειν
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐπεπλήθειν, ἐπεπλήθη |
ἐπεπλήθεις, ἐπεπλήθης |
ἐπεπλήθει(ν) | ἐπεπλήθετον | ἐπεπληθέτην | ἐπεπλήθεμεν | ἐπεπλήθετε | ἐπεπλήθεσᾰν | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Derived terms
- ἀνᾰπλήθω (anaplḗthō)
- ἐμπλήθομαι (emplḗthomai)
- περιπλήθω (periplḗthō)
Descendants
- English: Plethon
Further reading
- “πλήθω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “πλήθω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “πλήθω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- πλήθω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- πλήθω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “πλήθω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G4130 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- “πλήθω”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, 2011
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