κακκάω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *kakkajō, from a Proto-Indo-European root *kakka-.

Related to Latin cacō, Middle Irish caccaim, Old Armenian քակոր (kʻakor), Middle Armenian քաք (kʻakʻ), and German kacken.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kak.ká.ɔː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kakˈka.o/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /kaˈka.o/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /kaˈka.o/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /kaˈka.o/

Verb

κᾰκκᾰ́ω • (kakkáō)

to defecate, shit

Inflection

Present: κᾰκκᾰ́ω, κᾰκκᾰ́ομαι (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	κᾰκκᾰ́ω	κᾰκκᾰ́εις	κᾰκκᾰ́ει	κᾰκκᾰ́ετον	κᾰκκᾰ́ετον	κᾰκκᾰ́ομεν	κᾰκκᾰ́ετε	κᾰκκᾰ́ουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	κᾰκκᾰ́ω	κᾰκκᾰ́ῃς	κᾰκκᾰ́ῃ	κᾰκκᾰ́ητον	κᾰκκᾰ́ητον	κᾰκκᾰ́ωμεν	κᾰκκᾰ́ητε	κᾰκκᾰ́ωσῐ(ν)
	optative	κᾰκκᾰ́οιμῐ	κᾰκκᾰ́οις	κᾰκκᾰ́οι	κᾰκκᾰ́οιτον	κᾰκκᾰοίτην	κᾰκκᾰ́οιμεν	κᾰκκᾰ́οιτε	κᾰκκᾰ́οιεν
	imperative		κᾰ́κκᾰε	κᾰκκᾰέτω	κᾰκκᾰ́ετον	κᾰκκᾰέτων		κᾰκκᾰ́ετε	κᾰκκᾰόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	κᾰκκᾰ́ομαι	κᾰκκᾰ́ῃ, κᾰκκᾰ́ει	κᾰκκᾰ́εται	κᾰκκᾰ́εσθον	κᾰκκᾰ́εσθον	κᾰκκᾰόμεθᾰ	κᾰκκᾰ́εσθε	κᾰκκᾰ́ονται
	subjunctive	κᾰκκᾰ́ωμαι	κᾰκκᾰ́ῃ	κᾰκκᾰ́ηται	κᾰκκᾰ́ησθον	κᾰκκᾰ́ησθον	κᾰκκᾰώμεθᾰ	κᾰκκᾰ́ησθε	κᾰκκᾰ́ωνται
	optative	κᾰκκᾰοίμην	κᾰκκᾰ́οιο	κᾰκκᾰ́οιτο	κᾰκκᾰ́οισθον	κᾰκκᾰοίσθην	κᾰκκᾰοίμεθᾰ	κᾰκκᾰ́οισθε	κᾰκκᾰ́οιντο
	imperative		κᾰκκᾰ́ου	κᾰκκᾰέσθω	κᾰκκᾰ́εσθον	κᾰκκᾰέσθων		κᾰκκᾰ́εσθε	κᾰκκᾰέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		κᾰκκᾰ́ειν				κᾰκκᾰ́εσθαι
participle	m	κᾰκκᾰ́ων				κᾰκκᾰόμενος
	f	κᾰκκᾰ́ουσᾰ				κᾰκκᾰομένη
	n	κᾰκκᾰ́ον				κᾰκκᾰόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Present: κᾰκκῶ, κᾰκκῶμαι (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	κᾰκκῶ	κᾰκκᾷς	κᾰκκᾷ	κᾰκκᾶτον	κᾰκκᾶτον	κᾰκκῶμεν	κᾰκκᾶτε	κᾰκκῶσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	κᾰκκῶ	κᾰκκᾷς	κᾰκκᾷ	κᾰκκᾶτον	κᾰκκᾶτον	κᾰκκῶμεν	κᾰκκᾶτε	κᾰκκῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	κᾰκκῴην, κᾰκκῷμῐ	κᾰκκῴης, κᾰκκῷς	κᾰκκῴη, κᾰκκῷ	κᾰκκῷτον, κᾰκκῴητον	κᾰκκῴτην, κᾰκκῳήτην	κᾰκκῷμεν, κᾰκκῴημεν	κᾰκκῷτε, κᾰκκῴητε	κᾰκκῷεν, κᾰκκῴησᾰν
	imperative		κᾰ́κκᾱ	κᾰκκᾱ́τω	κᾰκκᾶτον	κᾰκκᾱ́των		κᾰκκᾶτε	κᾰκκώντων
middle/ passive	indicative	κᾰκκῶμαι	κᾰκκᾷ	κᾰκκᾶται	κᾰκκᾶσθον	κᾰκκᾶσθον	κᾰκκώμεθᾰ	κᾰκκᾶσθε	κᾰκκῶνται
	subjunctive	κᾰκκῶμαι	κᾰκκᾷ	κᾰκκᾶται	κᾰκκᾶσθον	κᾰκκᾶσθον	κᾰκκώμεθᾰ	κᾰκκᾶσθε	κᾰκκῶνται
	optative	κᾰκκῴμην	κᾰκκῷο	κᾰκκῷτο	κᾰκκῷσθον	κᾰκκῴσθην	κᾰκκῴμεθᾰ	κᾰκκῷσθε	κᾰκκῷντο
	imperative		κᾰκκῶ	κᾰκκᾱ́σθω	κᾰκκᾶσθον	κᾰκκᾱ́σθων		κᾰκκᾶσθε	κᾰκκᾱ́σθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		κᾰκκᾶν				κᾰκκᾶσθαι
participle	m	κᾰκκῶν				κᾰκκώμενος
	f	κᾰκκῶσᾰ				κᾰκκωμένη
	n	κᾰκκῶν				κᾰκκώμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ἐκᾰ́κκᾰον, ἐκᾰκκᾰόμην (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐκᾰ́κκᾰον	ἐκᾰ́κκᾰες	ἐκᾰ́κκᾰε(ν)	ἐκᾰκκᾰ́ετον	ἐκᾰκκᾰέτην	ἐκᾰκκᾰ́ομεν	ἐκᾰκκᾰ́ετε	ἐκᾰ́κκᾰον
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐκᾰκκᾰόμην	ἐκᾰκκᾰ́ου	ἐκᾰκκᾰ́ετο	ἐκᾰκκᾰ́εσθον	ἐκᾰκκᾰέσθην	ἐκᾰκκᾰόμεθᾰ	ἐκᾰκκᾰ́εσθε	ἐκᾰκκᾰ́οντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ἐκᾰ́κκων, ἐκᾰκκώμην (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐκᾰ́κκων	ἐκᾰ́κκᾱς	ἐκᾰ́κκᾱ	ἐκᾰκκᾶτον	ἐκᾰκκᾱ́την	ἐκᾰκκῶμεν	ἐκᾰκκᾶτε	ἐκᾰ́κκων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἐκᾰκκώμην	ἐκᾰκκῶ	ἐκᾰκκᾶτο	ἐκᾰκκᾶσθον	ἐκᾰκκᾱ́σθην	ἐκᾰκκώμεθᾰ	ἐκᾰκκᾶσθε	ἐκᾰκκῶντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Related terms

κάκκη (kákkē)

Descendants

Greek: κακά (kaká, “poo, poop”)

References

“κακκάω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“κακκάω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
κακκάω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

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