κάγκανος
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *kenk- (“to burn, dry, pain, desire, hunger, thirst”) and cognate with Lithuanian kenkti (“to damage, blight”), Sanskrit काङ्क्षति (kāṅkṣati, “he wishes, desires”) and Proto-Germanic *hungruz (“hunger”). However, Beekes finds the root structure typical of Pre-Greek and adds that the words compared mean hunger and pain and not primarily arid and dry.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /káŋ.ka.nos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈkaŋ.ka.nos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈkaŋ.ɡa.nos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈkaŋ.ɡa.nos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈkaŋ.ɡa.nos/
Declension
Number | Singular | Dual | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Gender | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | Masculine / Feminine | Neuter | ||||||||
Nominative | κάγκᾰνος kánkanos |
κάγκᾰνον kánkanon |
καγκᾰ́νω kankánō |
καγκᾰ́νω kankánō |
κάγκᾰνοι kánkanoi |
κάγκᾰνᾰ kánkana | ||||||||
Genitive | καγκᾰ́νου kankánou |
καγκᾰ́νου kankánou |
καγκᾰ́νοιν kankánoin |
καγκᾰ́νοιν kankánoin |
καγκᾰ́νων kankánōn |
καγκᾰ́νων kankánōn | ||||||||
Dative | καγκᾰ́νῳ kankánōi |
καγκᾰ́νῳ kankánōi |
καγκᾰ́νοιν kankánoin |
καγκᾰ́νοιν kankánoin |
καγκᾰ́νοις kankánois |
καγκᾰ́νοις kankánois | ||||||||
Accusative | κάγκᾰνον kánkanon |
κάγκᾰνον kánkanon |
καγκᾰ́νω kankánō |
καγκᾰ́νω kankánō |
καγκᾰ́νους kankánous |
κάγκᾰνᾰ kánkana | ||||||||
Vocative | κάγκᾰνε kánkane |
κάγκᾰνον kánkanon |
καγκᾰ́νω kankánō |
καγκᾰ́νω kankánō |
κάγκᾰνοι kánkanoi |
κάγκᾰνᾰ kánkana | ||||||||
Derived forms | Adverb | Comparative | Superlative | |||||||||||
καγκᾰ́νως kankánōs |
καγκᾰνώτερος kankanṓteros |
καγκᾰνώτᾰτος kankanṓtatos | ||||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
- καγκαλέᾱ (kankaléā)
- καγκάνεος (kankáneos)
- καγκομένης (kankoménēs)
- πολυκαγκής (polukankḗs)
Further reading
- “κάγκανος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- κάγκανος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
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