ˤ

ˤ

1. (IPA) pharyngealization (that is, [ʕ]-coloring, of a pharyngealized consonant or vowel).
2. (IPA, less commonly) [ʕ]-fricated release of a plosive (e.g. [ʡˤ], sometimes implying an affricate [ʡ͜ʕ]); or a weak, fleeting or epenthetic [ʕ].
3. (Egyptological transliteration) ꜥ (ayin).
4. (NAPA, dated) marks an implosive consonant (Cˁ).

   Iconically this is a reversed ejective consonant Cˀ.

The difference between the Unicode characters U+02C1 ⟨ˁ⟩ and U+02E4 ⟨ˤ⟩ is not well defined.

• U+02C1 (modifier reversed glottal stop) is given as a typographic alternate of the Egyptological ayin, U+02BF ⟨ꜥ⟩, which would be transcribed in IPA with the letter U+0295 ⟨ʕ⟩.
• U+02E4 (modifier small reversed glottal stop) is defined as a superscript IPA letter U+0295 ⟨ʕ⟩,[1] and the IPA identifies it as the character for pharyngealization.[2] (The 'small' in the name [normally meaning 'lower-case' in Unicode] is misleading, as the letter ⟨ʕ⟩ is unicase.)

U+02C1 may be set as a dotless reversed question mark ⸮, with only 02E4 set as a superscript. However, depending on the typeface, there may be no graphic difference between 02C1 and 02E4.