šiprum

Akkadian
Root
š-p-r
3 terms

Etymology

Verbal noun of 𒊭𒉺𒀸 (šapārum, “to send to”). The sense development is akin to Classical Greek ἐπιστολή (epistolḗ, “message, letter”) from ἐπῐστέλλειν (epistéllein, “to send to”).

Pronunciation

Noun

šiprum m (construct state šipir, plural šiprū) (from Old Akkadian on)

  1. message, report, commission
  2. (Old Akkadian, Old Assyrian) messenger
    Synonym: 𒌉𒅆𒅁𒊑𒅎 (mār šiprim)
  3. work, task, activity, mission

Alternative forms
Cuneiform spellings
Logograms Phonetic
  • 𒅆𒅁𒀸 (ši-ip-rum)
  • 𒈨𒀸 (šip-rum)
  • 𒅆𒅁𒊒 (ši-ip-ru)
  • 𒋛𒅁𒊒 (ši₂-ip-ru)
  • 𒈨𒊒 (šip-ru)

Descendants
  • → Aramaic: סִפְרָא (sip̄rā), ܣܶܦܪܳܐ (sep̄rā, “book, scroll”)
  • → Biblical Hebrew: סֵפֶר (sép̄ɛr, “letter; document, book, scroll”)
    • → Israeli Hebrew: ספר (séfer, “book”)
  • → Ugaritic: 𐎒𐎔𐎗 (spr, “tablet; writing; letter”)

References
  • “šipru”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎, Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011
  • Black, Jeremy, George, Andrew, Postgate, Nicholas (2000) “šipru(m)”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
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