étoffer
French
Etymology
Inherited from Middle French estoffer, from Old French estoffer, estofer (“to provide what is needed, equip, decorate”), from Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn (“to stuff”). Doublet of stopper.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /e.tɔ.fe/
Audio (file)
Verb
étoffer
- to stuff (a pillow, food)
- Synonyms: confectionner, farcir
- (furniture) to upholster
- (clothing) to fill out
- to pad out; to flesh out (give something more substance)
- Synonym: enrichir
- (reflexive, also figurative) to fill out (to get plumper)
- Je grandis, je grossis, je m’étoffe.
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- 2009 February 4, Claire Gatinois, “Hans Beck, créateur des figurines en plastique Playmobil”, in Le monde, archived from the original on 2009-02-05:
- L’univers de Playmobil s’est étoffé : animaux de la ferme, camions de pompiers, bateaux pirates… Une "ville Playmobil" a même été créée, à 10 kilomètres de Nuremberg.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation
Conjugation of étoffer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | étoffer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | étoffant /e.tɔ.fɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | étoffé /e.tɔ.fe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | étoffe /e.tɔf/ |
étoffes /e.tɔf/ |
étoffe /e.tɔf/ |
étoffons /e.tɔ.fɔ̃/ |
étoffez /e.tɔ.fe/ |
étoffent /e.tɔf/ |
| imperfect | étoffais /e.tɔ.fɛ/ |
étoffais /e.tɔ.fɛ/ |
étoffait /e.tɔ.fɛ/ |
étoffions /e.tɔ.fjɔ̃/ |
étoffiez /e.tɔ.fje/ |
étoffaient /e.tɔ.fɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | étoffai /e.tɔ.fe/ |
étoffas /e.tɔ.fa/ |
étoffa /e.tɔ.fa/ |
étoffâmes /e.tɔ.fam/ |
étoffâtes /e.tɔ.fat/ |
étoffèrent /e.tɔ.fɛʁ/ | |
| future | étofferai /e.tɔ.fʁe/ |
étofferas /e.tɔ.fʁa/ |
étoffera /e.tɔ.fʁa/ |
étofferons /e.tɔ.fʁɔ̃/ |
étofferez /e.tɔ.fʁe/ |
étofferont /e.tɔ.fʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | étofferais /e.tɔ.fʁɛ/ |
étofferais /e.tɔ.fʁɛ/ |
étofferait /e.tɔ.fʁɛ/ |
étofferions /e.tɔ.fə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
étofferiez /e.tɔ.fə.ʁje/ |
étofferaient /e.tɔ.fʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | étoffe /e.tɔf/ |
étoffes /e.tɔf/ |
étoffe /e.tɔf/ |
étoffions /e.tɔ.fjɔ̃/ |
étoffiez /e.tɔ.fje/ |
étoffent /e.tɔf/ |
| imperfect2 | étoffasse /e.tɔ.fas/ |
étoffasses /e.tɔ.fas/ |
étoffât /e.tɔ.fa/ |
étoffassions /e.tɔ.fa.sjɔ̃/ |
étoffassiez /e.tɔ.fa.sje/ |
étoffassent /e.tɔ.fas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | étoffe /e.tɔf/ |
— | étoffons /e.tɔ.fɔ̃/ |
étoffez /e.tɔ.fe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
- étoffe
- étoffement
Further reading
- “étoffer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.