Xiphopenaeus kroyeri
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Subphylum:
Crustacea
Class:
Malacostraca
Order:
Decapoda
Suborder:
Dendrobranchiata
Family:
Penaeidae
Genus:
Xiphopenaeus
Species:
X. kroyeri
Binomial name
Xiphopenaeus kroyeri
(Heller, 1862)
Synonyms [1]
  • Penaeus kroyeri Heller, 1862
  • Xiphopenaeus hartii Smith, 1869

Xiphopenaeus kroyeri, commonly called the Atlantic seabob, is a commercially important prawn. It is up to 140 mm (5.5 in) long and is the most intensely fished prawn species in the Guianas and along much of the Gulf Coast of the United States.

Description

Adults grow to 70–140 mm (2.8–5.5 in) long, with males only reaching 115 mm (4.5 in).[1] The rostrum has five teeth near the base, but is smooth along the tip, which is greatly elongated and often curves upwards to varying degrees.[2]

Distribution and fishery

X. kroyeri lives in the western Atlantic Ocean from North Carolina to Santa Catarina state, Brazil.[1] It is the most important commercial prawn in parts of the United States from Pensacola (in the Florida Panhandle) to Texas, and in the Guianas. In other areas, such as Mexico, Nicaragua, Honduras, and Trinidad, the fishing effort is only locally intensive.[1] In 2000–2007, the annual catch was greater than 40,000 t (88,000,000 lb).[1]

Taxonomy

Xiphopenaeus kroyeri was first described by Camill Heller in 1862, under the name Penaeus kroyeri.[1] It was transferred to the genus Xiphopenaeus in 1869 by Sidney Irving Smith. X. kroyeri has been considered conspecific with the Pacific species X. riveti, but recent genetic analysis indicates that the two are separate species, and that X. kroyeri (sensu stricto) may even constitute two cryptic species.[3]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862)". Species Fact Sheets. Food and Agriculture Organization.
  2. ↑ Harriet Perry & Kirsten Larsen (2004). "Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) – Seabob". A Picture Guide to Shelf Invertebrates from the Northern Gulf of Mexico (PDF). Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission. Retrieved April 24, 2010.
  3. ↑ J. Gusmão; C. Lazoski; F. A. Monteiro & A. M. Solé-Cava (2006). "Cryptic species and population structuring of the Atlantic and Pacific seabob shrimp species, Xiphopenaeus kroyeri and Xiphopenaeus riveti". Marine Biology. 149 (3): 491–502. doi:10.1007/s00227-005-0232-x. S2CID 85202649.
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