| Waropen | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Indonesia |
| Region | West Papua |
Native speakers | (6,000 cited 1987)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | wrp |
| Glottolog | waro1242 |
Waropen is an Austronesian language spoken at the Geelvink Bay of Indonesian Papua. It is fairly closely related to the Yapen languages. Dialects are Waropen Kai, Napan, and Ambumi.
Phonology
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | ʔ | |
| prenasal | ᵐb | ⁿd | ᵑɡ | |||
| voiced | b | d | ɡ | |||
| Fricative | f | s | ɣ | (h) | ||
| Rhotic | r | |||||
| Approximant | w | j | ||||
/w/ can also be heard as a fricative [β].
/h/ may also exist phonemically in other dialects.[2]
Sounds /w, j/ can be heard as vowels [ʊ, ɪ] when after vowel sounds.[3]
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Mid | ɛ ~ e | ə | ɔ |
| Open | a |
/ɛ/ may be pronounced as [ɛ] or [e].[2]
Distribution
In Papua province, it is spoken in Mamberamo Raya Regency and Waropen Regency. The Ambumi dialect is spoken in the south Waropen Bay area. Waropen is also spoken southwest to the Rombak River mouth.
References
- ↑ Waropen at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- 1 2 Held, Gerrit J. (1942). Grammatica van het Waropensch (Nederlandsch Noord Nieuw-Guinea). A.C. Nix, Bandoeng.
- ↑ Flassy, Don A.L.; Animung, Lisidus; Sawaki, Rachel (1994). Fonologi bahasa Waropen. Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
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