Wadsworth is a surname. Notable persons with that surname include:

• Adelaide E. Wadsworth (1844-1928), American painter
• Alexander S. Wadsworth (1790–1851), U.S. Navy officer; fought in the War of 1812; eponym of three ships
• Alexander Wadsworth (landscape designer) (1806–1898), helped design Mount Auburn Cemetery
• Alfred Powell Wadsworth (1890/91-1956), British journalist, editor of The Guardian
• Andre Wadsworth (born 1974), American football player
• Benjamin Wadsworth (1670–1737), American clergyman and educator; president of Harvard University
• Charles Wadsworth (contemporary), American classical pianist and musical promoter
• Daniel Wadsworth (1771–1848), American artist, arts patron, and founder of the Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of Art
• Decius Wadsworth (1768–1821) U.S. Army officer and cryptologist; developed a progressive cipher system
• Derek Wadsworth (1939–2008), British composer and arranger
• Edward Wadsworth (1889–1949), British artist
• E. S. Wadsworth (1813–1890), American merchant
• Eleanor Wadsworth (1917-2020), was the oldest surviving pilot of the Air Transport Auxiliary (ATA) before her death in December 2020.
• Elijah Wadsworth (1747–1817) American Militia officer during the Revolutionary War and Major General during the War of 1812, early pioneer of Ohio
• Frank W. Wadsworth (1919–2012), American Shakespearean scholar, author, and sportsman
• Frederick Wadsworth (1786–1869), American businessman and politician
• George Wadsworth (1893–1958), American diplomat; specialized in the Middle East
• George Wadsworth (1902–1979), British politician; MP for the East Riding of Yorkshire
• James Wadsworth (1730–1816), American general in the Revolution; delegate to the Continental Congress
• James Wadsworth (of Geneseo) (1768–1844) American pioneer, land agent, philanthropist
• James S. Wadsworth (1807–1864), American politician, philanthropist, and general in the Civil War
• James Wadsworth (1819–1891) American businessman and Mayor of Buffalo, New York
• James Wolcott Wadsworth (1846–1926), American politician; U.S. representative from New York
• James Wolcott Wadsworth Jr. (1877–1952), American politician; U.S. representative and U.S. Senator from New York
• James Jeremiah Wadsworth (1905–1984), U.S. diplomat; ambassador to the UN
• Jeremiah Wadsworth (1743–1804), American sea captain; delegate to the Continental Congress; U.S. representative from Connecticut
• Harrison Wadsworth, Jr. (1924-2010) American engineering professor of statistical methods, author and pioneer in quality control science
• Ken Wadsworth (1946–1976), New Zealand cricketer
• Mabel Sine Wadsworth (1910-2006), American birth control activist and women's health educator
• Marc Wadsworth, British anti-racist campaigner
• Martha Wadsworth Brewster (1710 – c. 1757), American poet and writer.
• Michael Wadsworth (contemporary), British sociologist and socio-medical researcher
• Mick Wadsworth (born 1950), British football coach
• Peleg Wadsworth (1748–1829), U.S. Army officer in the American Revolution; grandfather of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
• Philip Wadsworth (1832–1901), American merchant and politician
• Priscilla Wadsworth, American artist
• Walter Wadsworth (1890–1951), British football player
• William Wadsworth (1594–1675), British Puritan, American colonial pioneer, co-founder of Hartford, Connecticut, ancestor of the poet Ezra Pound
• William Wadsworth (1765–1833), Brigadier General of New York Militia in the War of 1812