Vladimir Viktorovich Aksyonov
Born (1935-02-01) 1 February 1935
Giblitsy, USSR
StatusRetired
NationalitySoviet
OccupationPilot
AwardsHero of the Soviet Union (twice)
Space career
Cosmonaut
Time in space
11d 20h 11m
SelectionCivilian Specialist Group 5
MissionsSoyuz 22
Soyuz T-2

Vladimir Viktorovich Aksyonov (Russian: Влади́мир Ви́кторович Аксёнов; born 1 February 1935) is a former Soviet cosmonaut who served as the flight engineer on the Soyuz 22 and Soyuz T-2.

Early life

Aksyonov was born on 1 February 1935 in Giblitsy in the Kasimovsky District to a Russian family. He became orphaned in his youth, with his father Viktor Stepanovich Zhivoglyadov being killed in action in 1944 on the Eastern Front of World War II; his mother Aleksandra Ivanovna Aksyonova worked as an accountant before she died in 1949. He was then raised by his maternal grandparents, who were well educated. That year, he became a member of the Komsomol and graduated from a rural seven-year school where he received good grades before being admitted to the Asimov Industrial College. In 1950 his family decided to send him to Kaliningrad, Moscow Oblast to live with his aunt. He went on to attend the Mytishchi Engineering College, which he graduated from in 1953. He then attended the 10th Military Aviation School for Primary Pilot Training in Kremenchuk, which he graduated from with honors in 1955, and then went to the Chuguev Military Aviation School of Pilots. However, he left the school in December 1956 due to being demobilized in the mass reduction of Soviet troops. The next year he began working for OKB-1, and in 1963 he graduated from the All-Union Correspondence Polytechnic Institute with a degree in mechanical engineering. Previously in 1959 he became a member of the Communist Party. Eventually he began working at the test department, led by Sergey Anokhin. A government decree on 15 June 1966 permitted civilians and former military personnel to be crew members on Soyuz flights. As a tester, Aksyonov flew over 250 flights on laboratory aircraft and worked in simulations of zero gravity. However, it was not until 1973 that be became a cosmonaut candidate.[1][2][3][4]

Cosmonaut career

Having been admitted to the cosmonaut corps as a civilian cosmonaut in 1973, he initially trained for spaceflight in the 7K-S with Leonid Kizim, and helped train a group of fellow civilian flight engineers. In January 1976 he started training with Valery Bykovsky to operate the MKF-6 camera, which was made in East Germany. On 15 September 1976 he was launched into space for the first time, serving as a flight engineer on Soyuz 22, with Valery Bykovsky in command. They spent a week in orbit, taking photographs of various locations on Earth including parts of the East Germany and the Soviet Union as well as photos of the moon, totaling 2,400 photographs, and returned to earth on 23 September. The crew had some difficulty changing out the rolls of film in the MKF-6 camera, and their feedback was used in the design of the later MKF-6M version of the camera. The flight lasted 7 days 21 hours and 52 minutes. For his work on the flight he was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union on 28 September.[5][6][7][8][9][10]

After his flight on Soyuz 22 he remained with the cosmonaut program, and continued to train with the 7K-ST group until 1978, and from 1978 to 1980 he trained to serve as flight engineer on the Soyuz T. On 5 June 1980 he was launched into space as the flight engineer on the Soyuz T-2 with Yuri Malyshev in command to visit the Salyut 6 space station. Before docking with the station on 6 June, they oriented the Soyuz capsule towards the sun to do a test of new solar cells. While the Soyuz T-2 docking was supposed to be done automatically, due to a technical failure, Malyshev had to revert to manual control, but he managed to perform the approach and docking successfully on manual mode. The flight was a success, and they returned to Earth on 9 June, spending 3 days 22 hours and 19 minutes in space. For his success in the Soyuz T-2 flight he was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union again on 16 June. In total he spent 11 days 20 hours and 11 minutes in space.[11][12]

From 1983 to 1992 he was deputy chairman of the board of the Soviet Peace Fund.[13]

Later life

After retiring from the cosmonaut program in 1988 he became director of the State Research Center for the Study of Natural Resources of the State Hydrometeorological Service. From 1990 to 1992 he worked as general direct of the NPO Planeta. In 1992 he became deputy chairman of the Executive Committee of the Cosmos Association. Meanwhile, from 1990 to 1996 he was deputy chairman of the board of directors of Mosbiznesbanka. In 1996 he became the chairman of the presidium of the public organization “Spiritual Movement of Russia.” In 2001 he became the president of the Institute for Security and Sustainable Development Science Foundation. He lives in Moscow.[13][14][15]

Awards

References

  1. ↑ Shkadov, Ivan, ed. (1987). Герои Советского Союза: краткий биографический словарь I, Абаев - Любичев [Heroes of the Soviet Union: A Brief Biographical Dictionary I, Abaev - Lyubichev]. Moscow: Voenizdat. p. 36. OCLC 313747315.
  2. ↑ "Страницы биографии". Pravda (in Russian). 16 September 1976. p. 1.
  3. ↑ Земля и вселенная (in Russian). Наука. 1980.
  4. ↑ Azovtseva, O. (2009). Почетные граждане Рязанской области и города Рязани: биобиблиографический указатель (in Russian). Servis. pp. 102–104.
  5. ↑ Astronauts and Cosmonauts Biographical and Statistical Data: Report. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1977.
  6. ↑ Evans, Ben (2011-09-28). At Home in Space: The Late Seventies into the Eighties. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-1-4419-8810-2.
  7. ↑ Hall, Rex; Shayler, David (2003). Soyuz: A Universal Spacecraft. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-1-85233-657-8.
  8. ↑ Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. The Society. 1983.
  9. ↑ "В полете «Союз-22»". Ogonyok (in Russian) (38): 1. 1976.
  10. ↑ "Орбитальный полет на корабле «Союз-22»". Авиация и космонавтика (in Russian) (11): 5. 1976.
  11. ↑ Janson, Bette R. (1989). Astronautics and Aeronautics, 1979-1984: A Chronology. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Management, Scientific and Technical Information Division.
  12. ↑ Furniss, Tim (1986). Manned Spaceflight Log. Jane's. ISBN 978-0-7106-0402-6.
  13. 1 2 "Аксенов Владимир Викторович. Космонавт № 36/79". museumgagarin.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2023-06-07.
  14. ↑ Smirnov, Vitaly. "Аксёнов Владимир Викторович". warheroes.ru. Retrieved 2023-06-07.
  15. ↑ "Владимир Викторович Аксёнов". astronaut.ru. Retrieved 2023-06-07.
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