Africa

•  Eritrea (outside Asmara) — visa covers Asmara only; to travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).^[226]
•  Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (Western Sahara controlled territory) — Visa not required up to 3 months.^[227]
•  Somaliland — Visa issued on arrival (30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival).^[228][229]
•  Sudan — All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.
• Darfur — Separate travel permit is required.^[230]

Asia

•  Hong Kong — Visa not required for 90 days.^[231]
•  India — Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states of Nagaland and Sikkim and parts of states Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.^{[232][233][234][235][236][237]}
•  Iraqi Kurdistan — Visa on arrival for 15 days is available at Erbil and Sulaymaniyah airports.^[93]
•  Kazakhstan — Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near Almaty.^[238]
• Kish Island — Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.^[239]
•  Macao — Visa not required for 90 days.^[240]
• Sabah and Sarawak — These states have their own immigration authorities and passport is required to travel to them, however the same visa applies.^[241]
• Maldives — With the exception of the capital Malé, tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.^[242]
•  North Korea outside Pyongyang – People are not allowed to leave the capital city, tourists can only leave the capital with a governmental tourist guide (no independent moving)
•  Palestine — Visa not required. Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.^[243]
•  Taiwan — Visa not required for 90 days.^[244]
• Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province — OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.^{[245][246][247]}
•  Turkmenistan — A special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places: Atamurat, Cheleken, Dashoguz, Serakhs and Serhetabat.^[248]
• Tibet Autonomous Region — Tibet Travel Permit required (10 US Dollars).^{[249][250][251]}
• Korean Demilitarized Zone — restricted zone.
• UNDOF Zone and Ghajar — restricted zones.
• Phú Quốc — can visit without a visa for up to 30 days.^[252]
•  Yemen — Special permission needed for travel outside Sana’a or Aden.^[253]

Caribbean and North Atlantic

•  Anguilla — Visa not required for 3 months.^[254]
•  Aruba — Visa not required for 30 days.^[255]
• Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba — Visa not required for 3 months.^[256]
•  Bermuda — Visa not required for 21 days (extendable).^[257]
•  British Virgin Islands — Visa not required for 1 month (extendable).^[258]
•  Cayman Islands — Visa not required for 6 months.^[259]
•  Colombia — Visitors arriving at San Andrés and Leticia must buy tourist cards on arrival.
•  Curacao — Visa not required for 3 months.^[260]
•  Montserrat — Visa not required for 6 months.^[261]
•  Greenland — Visa not required.^[262]
• Margarita Island — All visitors are fingerprinted.^[263]
•  Puerto Rico — Visa required.^[264]
•  Saint Pierre and Miquelon — Visa not required.^[265]
•  Sint Maarten — Visa not required for 3 months.^[266]
•  Turks and Caicos Islands — Visa not required for 90 days.^[267]
•  U.S. Virgin Islands — Visa required.^[268]

Europe

•  Abkhazia — Visa required.^[269]
•  Artsakh — Visa required (issued for single entry for 21 days/1/2/3 months or multiple entry visa for 1/2/3 months).^[270][271]
  Travellers with Artsakh visa (expired or valid) or evidence of travel to Artsakh (stamps) will be permanently denied entry to Azerbaijan.^[272]
• Mount Athos — Special permit required (4 days: 25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.^[273][274]
• Brest and Grodno — Visa not required for 10 days.^[275]
• Crimea — Visa issued by Russia is required.^[276]
•  Faroe Islands — Visa not required.^[262]
•  Gibraltar — Visa not required.^[277]
•  Guernsey – Visa not required.^[278]
•  Alderney – Visa not required.^[279]
•  Sark – Visa not required.^[280]
•  Isle of Man — Visa not required.^[281][282]
• Jan Mayen — permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours^[283] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.^[284]
•  Jersey – Visa not required.^[285]
•  Kosovo — visa free for 90 days.^[286]
• Closed cities and regions in Russia — special authorization required.^[287]
•  South Ossetia — Visa free. Multiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.^[288][289]
•  Transnistria — Visa free. Registration required after 24h.^[290][291]

Oceania

•  American Samoa — Visa required (entry permit).^[292]
• Ashmore and Cartier Islands — special authorisation required.^[293]
• Clipperton Island — special permit required.^[294]
•  Cook Islands — Visa free access for 31 days.^[295]
• Lau Province — Special permission required.^[296]
•  French Polynesia — Visa not required.^[297]
•  Guam — Visa required.^[298]
•  New Caledonia — Visa not required for 3 months.^[299]
•  Niue — Visa on arrival valid for 30 days is issued free of charge.^[300]
•  Northern Mariana Islands — Visa not required.^[301]
•  Pitcairn Islands — 14 days visa free and landing fee US$35 or tax of US$5 if not going ashore.^{[302][303][304][305]}
• United States Minor Outlying Islands — special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.^{[306][307][308][309][310][311][312]}
•  Wallis and Futuna — Visa not required.^[313]

South Atlantic and Antarctica

•  Falkland Islands — Visitor Permit valid for 4 weeks is issued on arrival.^[314][315]
•  Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
  •  Ascension Island — eVisa for 3 months within any year period.^[316][317]
  •  Saint Helena — Entry Permit (£25) for 183 days is issued on arrival.^[318]
  •  Tristan da Cunha — Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.^[319]
•  South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands — Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).^{[320][321][322]}
• Antarctica and adjacent islands — special permits required for  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australian Antarctic Territory, Chilean Antarctic Territory, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Peter I Island, Queen Maud Land, Ross Dependency.^{[323][324][325][326][327][328][329][330][331][332][333]}
•  Arab League — Certain countries will deny access to holders of Israeli visas or passport stamps of Israel because of the Arab League boycott of Israel. It is possible to get the stamp on a separate piece of paper.

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.^[334] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year^[335] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.^[336]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.^[337][338]

Passport validity length

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens^[339][340] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).^[341]

Some countries, such as Japan,^[342] Ireland and the United Kingdom,^[343] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,^[344] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,^[345] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,^[346] Philippines,^[347] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.^[348]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except the Republic of Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives^[349] and South Africa.

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,^[350] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

Entry Permit to Nagorno-Karabakh issued in Yerevan as a stand-alone document rather than a visa affixed in a passport

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.^[351]

For example, Azerbaijan bans visits by foreign citizens that have previously entered Azerbaijan through non-Azerbaijani controlled borders. This includes the illegal entry into the separatist region of Nagorno-Karabakh^[352] (the de facto independent Republic of Artsakh), its surrounding Armenian-occupied territories, and the Azerbaijani exclaves of Karki, Yuxarı Əskipara, Barxudarlı, and Sofulu which are de jure part of Azerbaijan but under the control of Armenia. Foreign citizens who enter these territories will be permanently banned from entering the Republic of Azerbaijan^[353] and will be included in their "list of personae non gratae".^[354] As of 2 September 2019, the list mentioned 852 people.

Israeli stamps

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,^[355] Lebanon,^[356] Libya,^[357] Syria,^[358] and Yemen^[359] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.^[360]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,^[361][362] Argentina,^[363] Brunei, Cambodia,^[364] China,^[365] Ethiopia,^[366] Ghana, Guinea,^[367] India, Japan,^[368][369] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),^[370] Malaysia upon entry and departure,^[371] Mongolia, Paraguay, Saudi Arabia,^[372] Singapore, South Korea,^[373] Taiwan, Thailand,^[374] Uganda,^[375] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by domestic legislation),^{[376][377][378]} intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.^[379]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports^[380] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.^[381][382]