A Cuban passport

Visa requirements for Cuban citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Cuba. As of 31 July 2022, Cuban citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 65 countries and territories, ranking the Cuban passport 82nd in the world (tied with Ghana and Morocco) in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]

Visa requirements map

Visa requirements for Cuban citizens
  Cuba
  Visa free access
  Visa on arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required

Visa requirements

Visa requirements for holders of ordinary passports travelling for tourism purposes:

Country Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees)
 Afghanistan Visa required[2]
 Albania Visa required[3]
 Algeria Visa required[4]
 Andorra Visa required[5]
 Angola eVisa[6][7] 30 days
  • 30 days extendable once.[8]
  • Maximum total stay of 90 days within any 1-year period.[9]
  • Visitors must have a return/onward ticket and a hotel reservation confirmation.[10]
  • Visitors who have been granted an online pre-visa or have requested a pre-visa from an Angolan consulate abroad are issued a visa upon arrival at the country's border crossings.[8]
  • International Certificate of Vaccination required.[8]
 Antigua and Barbuda Visa not required[11] 1 month
  • Extendable up to 6 months.
 Argentina Visa required[12]
 Armenia eVisa / Visa on arrival[13] 120 days
 Australia Visa required[14]
  • May apply online (Online Visitor e600 visa).[15]
 Austria Visa required[16]
 Azerbaijan eVisa[17] 30 days[18]
  • Visitors must register at the State Migration Service if they stay more than 15 days.[17]
 Bahamas Visa required[19]
 Bahrain eVisa[20][21]
 Bangladesh Visa on arrival[22] 30 days
  • Extensions possible.
  • Visitors must hold a proof of purpose of stay.
  • Sufficient funds of US$500 required.
 Barbados Visa not required[23] 28 days
 Belarus Visa not required[24] 30 days
 Belgium Visa required[25]
 Belize Visa required[26]
 Benin eVisa / Visa on arrival[27][28] 30 days / 8 days
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
 Bhutan Visa required[29]
 Bolivia Visa on arrival[30] 90 days[31]
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa required[32]
 Botswana Visa not required[33] 90 days[34]
  • Extensions possible (if applied prior to arrival).
  • Applications for stays of more than 90 days should be directed to Immigration and Passport Control Office, P.O. Box 942, Gaborone, Botswana.
 Brazil Visa required[35]
 Brunei Visa required[36]
 Bulgaria Visa required[37]
 Burkina Faso Visa on arrival[38] 1 month
  • Extensions possible.
  • Fees: Single entry: XOF 47,000.-; Multiple entry: XOF 61,000.-
 Burundi Visa on arrival[39] 1 month
 Cambodia eVisa / Visa on arrival[40] 30 days
  • Extensions possible.
  • Fees: USD 30.- for tourists; extension fee varies according to length.
  • Visitors must hold a passport photo.
  • Day trips are not permitted, except when arriving and departing in Phnom Penh International Airport (PNH).
 Cameroon Visa required[41]
 Canada Visa required[42]
 Cape Verde Visa on arrival[43]
  • Fee: EUR 25.-
 Central African Republic Visa required[44]
 Chad Visa required[45]
 Chile Visa required[46]
 China Visa required[47]
 Colombia Visa required[48]
  • May apply online.[15]
 Comoros Visa on arrival[49]
 Republic of the Congo Visa required[50]
 Democratic Republic of the Congo Visa required[51]
 Costa Rica Visa required[52]
 Côte d'Ivoire Visa required[53]
 Croatia Visa required[54]
 Cyprus Visa required[55]
 Czech Republic Visa required[56]
 Denmark Visa required[57]
 Djibouti eVisa[58] 31 days
 Dominica Visa not required[59] 21 days
 Dominican Republic Visa required[60]
 Ecuador Visa required[61]
 Egypt Visa on arrival[62]
 El Salvador Visa required[63]
 Equatorial Guinea Visa required[64]
 Eritrea Visa required[65]
 Estonia Visa required[66]
 Eswatini Visa required[67]
 Ethiopia eVisa[68] up to 90 days
 Fiji Visa required[69]
 Finland Visa required[70]
 France Visa required[71]
 Gabon eVisa[72]
 Gambia Visa not required[73] 90 days
 Georgia eVisa[74] 90 days
 Germany Visa required[75]
 Ghana Visa required[76]
 Greece Visa required[77]
 Grenada Visa not required[78] 60 days[79]
 Guatemala Visa required[80]
 Guinea Visa required[81]
 Guinea-Bissau eVisa / Visa on arrival[82] 90 days
 Guyana Visa not required[83][84] 90 days
 Haiti Visa required[85]
 Honduras Visa required[86]
 Hungary Visa required[87]
 Iceland Visa required[88]
 India e-Visa[89] 60 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive via 26 designated airports[Note 1] or 3 designated seaports.[Note 2][90]
  • An Indian e-Tourist Visa can only be obtained twice in one calendar year.
  • Foreigners of Pakistani origin or who hold a Pakistani Passport are not eligible for an e-Visa. Foreigners who are not Pakistani nationals, but whose parents or grandparents (either paternal or maternal) were born in, or were permanent residents in Pakistan, are also not eligible for an eVisa. [91]
  • Printed copy of the e-Tourist Visa required on arrival.
 Indonesia Visa required[92]
 Iran eVisa 30 days
 Iraq Visa required[93]
 Ireland Visa required[94]
 Israel Visa required[95]
 Italy Visa required[96]
 Jamaica Visa required[97]
 Japan Visa required[98]
 Jordan Visa required[99]
 Kazakhstan Visa required[100]
  • A visa-free agreement (30 days within year period) was signed with Kazakhstan in December 2015 and is yet to be ratified.
 Kenya eVisa[101] 3 months
 Kiribati Visa required[102]
 North Korea Visa required[103]
 South Korea Visa required[104]
 Kuwait Visa required[105]
 Kyrgyzstan Visa not required[106] Unlimited
 Laos eVisa / Visa on arrival[107] 30 days
  • 17[Note 3] of the 31 border crossings are only open to visa holders.[108]
  • e-Visa may be used to enter Laos through Luang Prabang, Pakse and Vientiane international airports, 3 Thai-Lao Friendship Bridges[Note 4] and in Boten (road and railroad).[109]
  • Visa on arrival is available at Luang Prabang, Pakse and Vientiane international airports, the 4 Thai-Lao Friendship Bridges[Note 5] and 6 border crossings.[Note 6][108] Visa on arrival facilities are being gradually phased out since January 2020.[110]
  • Visa on arrival is extendable for an additional 60 days at the Department of Immigration in Vientiane.[111]
 Latvia Visa required[112]
 Lebanon Visa required[113]
 Lesotho eVisa[114][115]
 Liberia Visa required[116]
 Libya Visa required[117]
 Liechtenstein Visa required[118]
 Lithuania Visa required[119]
 Luxembourg Visa required[120]
 Madagascar eVisa / Visa on arrival[121] 90 days
 Malawi Visa required[122]
 Malaysia Visa not required[123] 90 days
 Maldives Free visa on arrival[124] 30 days[125]
 Mali Visa required[126]
 Malta Visa required[127]
 Marshall Islands Visa on arrival[128] 90 days
 Mauritania Visa on arrival[129]
 Mauritius Visa on arrival[130] 60 days
 Mexico Visa required[131]
 Micronesia Visa not required[132] 30 days
 Moldova Visa not required[133] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.
 Monaco Visa required[134]
 Mongolia Visa not required[135] 30 days
 Montenegro Visa not required[136] 30 days
 Morocco Visa required[137]
 Mozambique Visa on arrival[138] 30 days
 Myanmar Visa required[139]
 Namibia Visa not required[140] 3 months
 Nauru Visa required[141]
   Nepal Visa on arrival[142] 90 days
 Netherlands Visa required[143]
 New Zealand Visa required[144]
  • Holders of an Australian Permanent Resident Visa or Resident Return Visa may be granted a New Zealand Resident Visa on arrival permitting indefinite stay (pursuant to the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement), subject to meeting character requirements and obtaining an Electronic Travel Authority prior to departure.[145]
 Nicaragua Visa not required[146] 90 days
  • From November 22, 2021, no visa required for Cuban citizens
 Niger Visa required[147]
 Nigeria Visa required[148]
 North Macedonia Visa required[149]
 Norway Visa required[150]
 Oman eVisa / Visa on arrival[151]
 Pakistan Online Visa[152]
 Palau Free visa on arrival[153] 30 days
 Panama Visa required[154]
 Papua New Guinea Visa required[155]
 Paraguay Visa required[156]
 Peru Visa required[157]
 Philippines Visa required[158]
 Poland Visa required[159]
 Portugal Visa required[160]
 Qatar Visa not required[161] 30 days
 Romania Visa required[162]
 Russia Visa not required[163] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period.[164]
 Rwanda eVisa / Visa on arrival[165] 30 days
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[166] 3 months
 Saint Lucia Visa not required[167] 6 weeks
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[168] 1 month
 Samoa Free Entry Permit on arrival[169] 60 days
 San Marino Visa required[170]
 São Tomé and Príncipe eVisa[171][172]
 Saudi Arabia Visa required[173]
 Senegal Visa on arrival[174]
 Serbia Visa required[175]
 Seychelles Free Visitor's Permit on arrival[176] 3 months[125]
 Sierra Leone Visa required[177]
 Singapore Visa not required[178] 30 days
 Slovakia Visa required[179]
 Slovenia Visa required[180]
 Solomon Islands Visa required[181]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival
 Somalia Visa on arrival[182] 30 days
 South Africa Visa required[183]
 South Sudan Electronic Visa[184]
  • Obtainable online[185]
  • Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel[185]
 Spain Visa required[186]
 Sri Lanka eVisa / Visa on arrival[187] 30 days
 Sudan Visa required[188]
 Suriname E-tourist card[189] 90 days
  • Multiple entry eVisa is also available.[190]
 Sweden Visa required[191]
  Switzerland Visa required[192]
 Syria Visa required[193]
 Tajikistan Visa not required[194][195] 30 days
 Tanzania eVisa / Visa on arrival[196][197]
 Thailand Visa required[198]
 Timor-Leste Visa on arrival[199] 30 days
 Togo Visa on arrival[200] 7 days
 Tonga Visa required[201]
 Trinidad and Tobago Visa not required[202] 90 days
 Tunisia Visa required[203]
 Turkey Visa required[204]
 Turkmenistan Visa required[205]
 Tuvalu Visa on arrival[206] 1 month
 Uganda eVisa / Visa on arrival[207] May apply online.[208]
 Ukraine Visa required[209]
 United Arab Emirates Visa required[210]
 United Kingdom Visa required[211]
 United States Visa required[212]
 Uruguay Visa required[214]
 Uzbekistan Visa not required[215] 30 days
 Vanuatu Visa not required[216] 30 days
 Vatican City Visa required[217]
 Venezuela Visa required[218]
 Vietnam eVisa[219] 30 days[220]
 Yemen Visa required[221]
 Zambia eVisa / Visa on arrival[222] 90 days
 Zimbabwe eVisa / Visa on arrival[223] 3 months

Territories and disputed areas

Visa requirements for Cuban citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas and restricted zones:

Visitor to Visa requirement Notes (excluding departure fees)
Europe
 Kosovo Visa required
  • Do not need a visa a holder of a valid biometric residence permit issued by one of the Schengen member states or a valid multi-entry Schengen Visa, a holder of a valid Laissez-Passer issued by United Nations Organizations, NATO, OSCE, Council of Europe or European Union a holder of a valid travel documents issued by EU Member and Schengen States, United States of America, Canada, Australia and Japan based on the 1951 Convention on Refugee Status or the 1954 Convention on the Status of Stateless Persons, as well as holders of valid travel documents for foreigners (max. 15 days stay)[224]

Non-visa restrictions

Many countries have entry restrictions on foreigners that go beyond the common requirement of having either a valid visa or a visa exemption. Such restrictions may be health related or impose additional documentation requirements on certain classes of people for diplomatic or political purposes.

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[225] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being valid or available.

Vaccination

Main articles: Vaccination requirements for international travel, International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, and Vaccine passports during the COVID-19 pandemic
Cover of the new International Certificate of Vaccination issued by the Bureau of Quarantine in the Philippines since 2021

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers older than nine months to one year[226] to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[227]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently or has transited for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[228][229]

Passport validity length

Very few countries, such as Paraguay, just require a valid passport on arrival.

However many countries and groupings now require only an identity card – especially from their neighbours. Other countries may have special bilateral arrangements that depart from the generality of their passport validity length policies to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[230][231] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[232]

Some countries, such as Japan,[233] Ireland and the United Kingdom,[234] require a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay.

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[235] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[236] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Peru,[237] Philippines,[238] Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[239]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Honduras, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except the Republic of Ireland) together with Switzerland also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[240] and South Africa.

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[241] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record while others impose restrictions depending on the type of conviction and the length of the sentence.

Persona non grata

Entry Permit to Nagorno-Karabakh issued in Yerevan as a stand-alone document rather than a visa affixed in a passport

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[242]

For example, Azerbaijan bans visits by foreign citizens that have previously entered Azerbaijan through non-Azerbaijani controlled borders. This includes the illegal entry into the separatist region of Nagorno-Karabakh[243] (the de facto independent Republic of Artsakh), its surrounding Armenian-occupied territories, and the Azerbaijani exclaves of Karki, Yuxarı Əskipara, Barxudarlı, and Sofulu which are de jure part of Azerbaijan but under the control of Armenia. Foreign citizens who enter these territories will be permanently banned from entering the Republic of Azerbaijan[244] and will be included in their "list of personae non gratae".[245] As of 2 September 2019, the list mentioned 852 people.

Israeli stamps

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[246] Lebanon,[247] Libya,[248] Syria,[249] and Yemen[250] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Biometrics

See also: Countries applying biometrics

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to change planes rather than go landside.[251]

Fingerprinting countries/regions include Afghanistan,[252][253] Argentina,[254] Brunei, Cambodia,[255] China,[256] Ethiopia,[257] Ghana, Guinea,[258] India, Japan,[259][260] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[261] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[262] Mongolia, Paraguay, Saudi Arabia,[263] Singapore, South Korea,[264] Taiwan, Thailand,[265] Uganda,[266] the United Arab Emirates and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by domestic legislation),[267][268][269] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[270]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[271] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[272][273]

See also

References and Notes

References
  1. ↑ "The Henley Passport Index". Henley & Partners Holdings Ltd. July 2022. Retrieved 18 August 2022. This shows the full Global Ranking of the 2022 Henley Passport Index. In certain cases, a rank is shared by multiple countries because these countries all have the same level of visa-free or visa-on-arrival access.
  2. ↑ Visa information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan.
  3. ↑ Visa regime for foreign citizens, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of Albania.
  4. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  5. ↑ Travel to Andorra, Ministry of External Affairs of Andorra.
  6. ↑ SME E-VISA
  7. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  8. 1 2 3 "SME E-VISA". República de Angola Serviço de Migração e Estrangeiros de Angola. Archived from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 2 November 2022.
  9. ↑ Angola: Migration Service to Speed Up Visa Exemption Procedure
  10. ↑ "Visa and passport". Timatic. International Air Transport Association through Emirates. Retrieved 2 November 2022.
  11. ↑ Countries exempt from visa, Department of Immigration of Antigua and Barbuda.
  12. ↑ Visa regime, National Directorate of Migrations of Argentina (in Spanish).
  13. ↑ Visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia.
  14. ↑ Visitor visa options, Department of Home Affairs of Australia.
  15. 1 2 "Visa Online Request". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Colombia. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 26 May 2016.
  16. ↑ Schengen visa, Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs of Austria.
  17. 1 2 Countries with visa-free travel regime, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan (in Azerbaijani).
  18. ↑ Electronic Visa System of Azerbaijan Republic
  19. ↑ eVISA Online Services – Ministry of Foreign Affairs – Bahamas, Government of the Bahamas
  20. ↑ Bahrain eVisas, Ministry of Interior of Bahrain.
  21. ↑ "Bahrain Electronic Visa Service". Archived from the original on 12 July 2018. Retrieved 23 September 2014.
  22. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  23. ↑ Barbados Visa Requirements and Reciprocal Arrangements, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade of Barbados, 1 July 2020.
  24. ↑ Visa-free travel, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Belarus.
  25. ↑ Visa for Belgium, Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs of Belgium.
  26. ↑ Do you need a visa to travel to Belize?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade & Immigration, Belize, July 2023.
  27. ↑ Visa, Emigration and Immigration Directorate of Benin.
  28. ↑ eVisa Benin
  29. ↑ Visa, Tourism Council of Bhutan.
  30. ↑ Requirements to enter Bolivia, General Directorate of Migration of Bolivia (in Spanish).
  31. ↑ "Visas". Archived from the original on 30 October 2019. Retrieved 10 June 2018.
  32. ↑ Visas, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
  33. ↑ Requirements for visa application, Government of Botswana.
  34. ↑ List of countries whose nationals/citizens do not require a visa for entry into Botswana.
  35. ↑ Visas to travel to Brazil, Ministry of External Relations of Brazil (in Portuguese and English).
  36. ↑ Country category for visa application, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of Brunei.
  37. ↑ Visa for Bulgaria, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria.
  38. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  39. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  40. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  41. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  42. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  43. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  44. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  45. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  46. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  47. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  48. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  49. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  50. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  51. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  52. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  53. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  54. ↑ Visa requirements overview, Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of Croatia.
  55. ↑ Visa policy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Cyprus.
  56. ↑ List of states whose citizens are exempt from visa requirement, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic, 13 July 2017.
  57. ↑ Countries with a visa requirement and visa-free countries, Danish Immigration Service, 8 December 2017.
  58. ↑ eVisa
  59. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  60. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  61. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  62. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  63. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  64. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  65. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  66. ↑ Who does not need a visa to visit Estonia?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Estonia, 2 November 2017.
  67. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  68. ↑ "Ethiopia electronic visa". Main Department for Immigration and Nationality Affairs, Ethiopia. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
  69. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  70. ↑ Visa requirement and travel documents accepted by Finland, Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland.
  71. ↑ Foreign nationals holding ordinary passports exempt from visa requirements, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of France, January 2016.
  72. ↑ Gabon e-Visa
  73. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  74. ↑ e-VISA PORTAL
  75. ↑ Overview of visa requirements/exemptions for entry into the Federal Republic of Germany, Federal Foreign Office of Germany.
  76. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  77. ↑ Countries requiring or not requiring a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Greece, 13 June 2017.
  78. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  79. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 October 2014. Retrieved 12 October 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  80. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  81. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  82. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  83. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  84. ↑ Cubans are flocking to Guyana for economic reasons — but there's a twist, Miami Herald, 28 June 2018.
  85. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  86. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  87. ↑ Countries that do not need a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of Hungary.
  88. ↑ Who does not need a visa, Directorate of Immigration of Iceland.
  89. ↑ "Indian e-Visa". Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India.
  90. ↑ e-Visa
  91. ↑ The note is under Q1(v) in the FAQs
  92. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  93. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  94. ↑ Countries that need a visa for Ireland, Irish Naturalisation and Immigration Service.
  95. ↑ Tourist visa table, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 23 May 2017.
  96. ↑ Visa for Italy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Italy.
  97. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  98. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  99. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  100. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  101. ↑ Republic of Kenya - eCitizen portal
  102. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  103. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  104. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  105. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  106. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  107. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  108. 1 2 "Checkpoints – ກົມຕຳຫຼວດກວດຄົນເຂົ້າ-ອອກເມືອງ". immigration.gov.la. Department of Immigration of Lao PDR. Retrieved 29 April 2023.
  109. ↑ "Lao Visa Online | Lao eVisa Authorization Application". laoevisa.gov.la. Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Lao PDR – Consular Department. Retrieved 29 April 2023.
  110. ↑ "Laos : fin du visa à l'arrivée pour certains points d'entrée". tourmag.com (in French). 6 January 2020.
  111. ↑ "Laos International Travel Information". travel.state.gov. U.S. Department of State – Bureau of Consular Affairs. Retrieved 29 April 2023.
  112. ↑ Countries whose citizens may enter Latvia without a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Latvia, 9 October 2017.
  113. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  114. ↑ eVisa Lesotho
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  116. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  117. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  118. ↑ Visa, Government of Liechtenstein (in German).
  119. ↑ Do I need a visa?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania, 30 August 2017.
  120. ↑ Staying in Luxembourg for less than 90 days, Government of Luxembourg.
  121. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  123. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  124. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  125. 1 2 Extendable length of stay.
  126. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  127. ↑ Who requires a visa?, Identity Malta.
  128. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  129. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  130. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  131. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
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  133. ↑ "| Ministry of Foreign Affairs and European Integration of the Republic of Moldova". Mfa.gov.md. 31 August 1989. Retrieved 6 March 2022.
  134. ↑ Before you leave, Monaco Government Tourist Office.
  135. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  136. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  137. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  138. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  139. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  140. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  141. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  142. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  143. ↑ Short-stay Schengen visa (90 days or less), Government of the Netherlands.
  144. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  145. ↑ "Information about: Australian Resident Visa". immigration.govt.nz. Immigration New Zealand. Retrieved 21 May 2020. Australian citizens and permanent residents can visit, work and live in New Zealand. You do not need a visa before you travel to New Zealand.
  146. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  147. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  148. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  149. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  150. ↑ Persons who do not need a visa to visit Norway, Norwegian Directorate of Immigration.
  151. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  152. ↑ "Online visa system of Pakistan". Ministry of Interior. Pakistan.
  153. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  154. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  155. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  156. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  157. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  158. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  159. ↑ Visa-free countries, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Poland.
  160. ↑ Third countries whose citizens are required to have a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Portugal.
  161. ↑ "Qatar Visas".
  162. ↑ Do I need a visa?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Romania.
  163. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  164. ↑ "Соглашение между Правительством Российской Федерации и Правительством Республики Куба об условиях отказа от визовых формальностей при взаимных поездках граждан Российской Федерации и граждан Республики Куба". mid.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 22 May 2018.
  165. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  166. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  167. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  168. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  169. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  170. ↑ Border formalities, San Marino Tourism Board.
  171. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  172. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 May 2015. Retrieved 21 May 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  173. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  174. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  175. ↑ "Srbija uvela vize za Kubance zbog usklađivanja sa EU". N1. 18 April 2023. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
  176. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  177. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  178. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  179. ↑ Consular information and travel visa, Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of Slovakia.
  180. ↑ Visa regimes and visas, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Slovenia.
  181. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  182. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  183. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  184. ↑ "Do I need a visa to travel to South Sudan?". Ministry of Internal Affairs. South Sudan.
  185. 1 2 "Apply for a South Sudan Visa Online". Ministry of Internal Affairs. South Sudan.
  186. ↑ Entry requirements, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation of Spain.
  187. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  188. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  189. ↑ "Welcome to Suriname E-VISA Website". suriname.vfsevisa.com.
  190. ↑ "Who can apply for E-Visa?". suriname.vfsevisa.com.
  191. ↑ List of foreign citizens who require visa for entry into Sweden, Government of Sweden.
  192. ↑ Overview of ID and visa provisions according to nationality, State Secretariat for Migration of Switzerland.
  193. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  194. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  195. ↑ "Tajikistan e-Visa".
  196. ↑ eVisa Tanzania
  197. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  198. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  199. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  200. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  201. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  202. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  203. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  204. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  205. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  206. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  207. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  208. ↑ Uganda Electronic Visa/Permit Application System
  209. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  210. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  211. ↑ UK visa requirements: list for carriers, Government of the United Kingdom, 2 October 2017.
  212. ↑ Travel without a visa, United States Department of State.
  213. ↑ "Consular Services Available at U.S. Embassy Havana". U.S. Embassy Havana. March 31, 2022. Archived from the original on April 7, 2023.
  214. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  215. ↑ Uzbekistan introduces visa waiver for 20 more countries from 2020
  216. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  217. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  218. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  219. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  220. ↑ E-visa
  221. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  222. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  223. ↑ International Air Transport Association (IATA), Travel Information Manual
  224. ↑ "Visas For Foreign Citizens - For Kosovo Citizens - Consular Services - Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Republic of Kosovo". Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Republic of Kosovo. Archived from the original on 10 March 2013.
  225. ↑ Baker, Vicky. "Passport expiry dates and blank pages: what are the rules?". theguardian.com. The Guardian. Retrieved 13 January 2024. The number of remaining blank pages a passport should have is also an issue. Some travellers have reported arriving with one or less than one full page left and waiting for hours at immigration, until an official reluctantly grants them entry. The FCO lists no hard and fast rules because, in many cases, there aren't any.
  226. ↑ "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires (sic) Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that require vaccination for all travellers older that 9 months or 1 year: Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameron, Central African Republic, Congo, Côte d'lvoire, DRC, Gabon, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Niger, Togo.
  227. ↑ "Fièvre jaune" (in French). 2 September 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2019.
  228. ↑ "Yellow Fever". Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC). African Union. Retrieved 23 August 2021. African countries that requires Yellow Fever vaccination certificate: Countries that requires (sic) vaccination for travellers from countries with risk of yellow fever transmission or transit for 12 hours in those countries: Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Chad, Djibouti, Egypt, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Seychelles, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
  229. ↑ Country list - Yellow fever vaccination requirements and recommendations; and malaria situation; and other vaccination requirement
  230. ↑ "Foreign Affairs Manual, 9 FAM 403.9-3(B)(2) f". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
  231. ↑ "Visitor Visa". travel.state.gov. US Department of State. Retrieved 13 January 2024. Passport valid for travel to the United States – Your passport must be valid for at least six months beyond your period of stay in the United States (unless exempt by country-specific agreements). Each individual who needs a visa must submit a separate application, including any family members listed in your passport.
  232. ↑ "Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Republic of Turkey. Archived from the original on 8 October 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2018. Countries whose citizens are allowed to enter Turkey with their expired passports: 1. Germany – Passports expired within the last year / ID's expired within the last year, 2. Belgium - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 3. France - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 4. Spain - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 5. Switzerland - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 6. Luxemburg - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 7. Portugal - Passports expired within the last 5 years, 8. Bulgaria – Valid ordinary passport
  233. ↑ "Frequently Asked Questions". Embassy of Japan in Malaysia. Retrieved 13 January 2024. Q: Do I need at least 6 months passport validity in order to enter Japan? A: Japan does not have any regulations relating to passport validity, so long as your passport will be valid until after you leave Japan.
  234. ↑ "Entering the UK". Gov.UK. Retrieved 17 March 2021. You're not from an EEA country: you must have a valid passport to enter the UK. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.
  235. ↑ Bahrain government website
  236. ↑ "Passports and Visa | GoIsrael - the Official Website of Tourism to Israel".
  237. ↑ "Government Of Peru Requires Six-Month Validity On Passports To Enter Peru". Traveling & Living in Peru. 2 January 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  238. ↑ "Bureau of Immigration of the Republic of the Philippines". Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  239. ↑ Timatic
  240. ↑ "Maldives Reduces Passport Validity Requirement of Minimum 6 Months to Just 1 Month". Corporate Maldives. 24 October 2020. Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  241. ↑ Government of Canada -- Overcome criminal convictions
  242. ↑ "No entry for Modi into US: visa denied | India News - Times of India". The Times of India. 18 March 2005. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
  243. ↑ "Azerbaijan Country Page of the NCSJ (advocates on behalf of Jews in Russia, Ukraine, the Baltic States & Eurasia) accessed 23 May 2010". Archived from the original on 8 March 2009. Retrieved 26 May 2010.
  244. ↑ "Warning for the foreign nationals wishing to travel to the occupied territories of the Republic of Azerbaijan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
  245. ↑ "List of foreign citizens illegally visited occupied territories of the Republic of Azerbaijan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Archived from the original on 10 July 2017. Retrieved 16 September 2019.
  246. ↑ "Travel Report - Kuwait". Voyage.gc.ca. 16 November 2012. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
  247. ↑ Travel Advice for Lebanon - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Archived 2008-12-24 at the Wayback Machine and Lebanese Ministry of Tourism Archived 2009-03-27 at the Wayback Machine
  248. ↑ "Travel Advice for Libya - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Smartraveller.gov.au. Archived from the original on 22 June 2013. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
  249. ↑ Travel Advice for Syria - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade Archived 2008-12-19 at the Wayback Machine and Syrian Ministry of Tourism
  250. ↑ "Travel Advice for Yemen - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". Smartraveller.gov.au. Archived from the original on 20 August 2011. Retrieved 1 July 2013.
  251. ↑ Calder, Simon (24 April 2017). "Airline lobbying for a relaxation of draconian rules for London-Auckland travellers". The Independent. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Travellers heading west from the UK to New Zealand may soon be able to avoid the onerous requirement to clear US border control during the refuelling stop at Los Angeles airport (LAX). Unlike almost every other country in the world, the US insists on a full immigration check even for passengers who simply intend to re-board their plane to continue onwards to a foreign destination. Air New Zealand, which flies daily from Heathrow via Los Angeles to Auckland, says there are currently "strict requirements for travellers" in transit at LAX. Through passengers to Auckland on flight NZ1 or Heathrow on NZ2 must apply in advance for an ESTA (online visa) even though they have no intention of staying in the US. They also have to undergo screening by the Transportation Security Administration.
  252. ↑ "How to enter Afghanistan. The Entry Requirements for Afghanistan - CountryReports". Countryreports.org.
  253. ↑ Nordland, Rod (19 November 2011). "In Afghanistan, Big Plans to Gather Biometric Data". The New York Times.
  254. ↑ "Argentina strengthens migratory control". Archived from the original on 2 December 2013.
  255. ↑ "Cambodia Foreign Entry Requirements". Us-passport-information.com.
  256. ↑ "China to Start Fingerprinting Foreign Visitors". Air Canada. 31 January 2019. Retrieved 7 July 2018. Effective April 27, 2018, border control authorities at all of China's ports of entry, including its airports, will start collecting the fingerprints of all foreign visitors aged between 14 and 70. Diplomatic passport holders and beneficiaries of reciprocal agreements are exempted..
  257. ↑ "Äthiopien: Reise- und Sicherheitshinweise". Auswaertiges-amt.de.
  258. ↑ "Visa". paf.gov.gn.
  259. ↑ "Japan fingerprints foreigners as anti-terror move". Reuters. 20 November 2016. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  260. ↑ "Anger as Japan moves to fingerprint foreigners - World". Theage.com.au. 26 October 2007.
  261. ↑ "Immigration & Visas FAQs". Kenya Airports Authority. Retrieved 6 May 2019. Will visitors still have their digital photo and fingerprints taken at the immigration desk on arrival? Yes, the need to have photos and fingerprints taken upon arrival is to authenticate that the person who applied for the Visa is the same person at the port of entry
  262. ↑ "Malaysia". CountryReports. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
  263. ↑ "Saudi Arabia mandates fingerprints and biometrics for foreigners - SecureIDNews". secureidnews.com. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  264. ↑ "S Korea to scan fingerprints of suspicious foreign visitors - People's Daily Online". peopledaily.com.cn. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  265. ↑ "National News Bureau of Thailand".
  266. ↑ AfricaNews (14 January 2019). "Gemalto awarded Uganda's new e-Immigration solution with fast-track border crossing eKiosks at Entebbe Airport". Africanews. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  267. ↑ Brown, Theresa Cardinal (9 May 2016). "Biometric Entry-Exit Update: CBP Developing Land Border Process". Bipartisan Policy Center. Retrieved 25 April 2019. While a requirement for a biometric entry-exit system has been in law for over a decade, it is not yet a reality. Many reasons for the long gestating development have been documented in BPC's 2014 report Entry-Exit System: Progress, Challenges, and Outlook, including the technological, operational, and cost challenges of creating exit systems and infrastructure where none exist today. However, many critics, especially in Congress, simply accused the Department of Homeland security of dragging its feet... the major operational, logistical, and technical challenge in implementing exit capability at our ports has been the land borders. Unlike airports and seaports, the land border environment is not physically controlled, there is no means to get advance information on who is arriving, and the sheer volume of travel—both vehicular and pedestrian—creates challenges in any system to not further exacerbate delays. While biometric exit for land vehicular traffic is still in the "what if" stage, CBP is moving ahead and piloting systems and technology to use with the large population of pedestrian crossers at the U.S.-Mexico border.
  268. ↑ Lipton, Eric (21 May 2013). "U.S. Quietly Monitors Foreigners' Departures at the Canadian Border". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Long demanded by lawmakers in Congress, it is considered a critical step to developing a coherent program to curb illegal immigration, as historically about 30 percent to 40 percent of illegal immigrants in the United States arrived on tourist visas or other legal means and then never left, according to estimates by Homeland Security officials.
  269. ↑ Lipton, Eric (15 December 2006). "Administration to Drop Effort to Track if Visitors Leave". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 April 2019. Efforts to determine whether visitors actually leave have faltered. Departure monitoring would help officials hunt for foreigners who have not left, if necessary. Domestic security officials say, however, it would be too expensive to conduct fingerprint or facial recognition scans for land departures.
  270. ↑ Campoy, Ana (17 April 2019). "The US wants to scan the faces of all air passengers leaving the country". Quartz. Retrieved 24 April 2019.
  271. ↑ "ICAO Document 9303: Machine Readable Travel Documents, Part 9: Deployment of Biometric Identification and Electronic Storage of Data in MRTDs, 7th edition" (PDF). 2015. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
  272. ↑ "Iris Scan Implemented at Doha International Airport". Archived from the original on 8 January 2012.
  273. ↑ "Iris Scanner Could Replace Emirates ID In UAE". SimplyDXB. 11 June 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2018. The breach of privacy is probably the biggest threat to the biometric technique of iris recognition. Secondly, a device error can false reject or false accept the identity which can also have some heinous consequences. Lastly, the method isn't the most cost-effective one. It is complex and therefore expensive. Furthermore, the maintenance of devices and data can also be relatively burdensome. However, thanks to the oil money and spending ability of Dubai, they are economically equipped to effectively embrace this system.
Notes
  1. ↑
  2. ↑
  3. ↑
    • Panghok - Taichang (Vietnam)
    • Lantui - Baka (China)
    • Meuang mom - Wan Pong (Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng Dry Port - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Nonghaed - Nam kanh (Vietnam)
    • Pakxan - Bungkan (Thailand)
    • Nam phao - Cau treo (Vietnam)
    • Na pao - Cha lo (Vietnam)
    • Nam ngeun - Huay konl (Thailand)
    • Namheuang - Nakaseng (Thailand)
    • Phoudou (Thailand)
    • Nam soy - Na meo (Vietnam)
    • Phoukeua - Kontoum (Vietnam)
    • Lalai (Vietnam)
    • Pangmone - Phayao (Thailand)
    • Daktaock - Nam Giang (Vietnam)
    • Savannakhet Airport
  4. ↑
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Bokeo
  5. ↑
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Khammouane
    • Bokeo
  6. ↑
    • Samliemkham (Thailand and Myanmar)
    • Tanalaeng - Nongkai (Thailand)
    • Daensavan - Lao bao (Vietnam)
    • Veunkham - Nong nok khian (Cambodia)
    • Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
    • Boten - Bo han (China)
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