Tiruchirappalli International Airport
Summary
Airport typePublic
OwnerMinistry of Civil Aviation
OperatorAirports Authority of India
ServesTiruchirapalli
LocationTiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
Opened23 December 1936 (1936-12-23)
Operating base forAir India Express
Elevation AMSL87.7 m / 288 ft
Coordinates10°45′56″N 078°42′54″E / 10.76556°N 78.71500°E / 10.76556; 78.71500
Websitewww.aai.aero/en/airports/tiruchirapalli
Map
TRZ is located in Tiruchirapalli
TRZ
TRZ
TRZ is located in Tamil Nadu
TRZ
TRZ
TRZ is located in India
TRZ
TRZ
Runways
Direction Length Surface
m ft
09/27 2,480 8,136 Asphalt
Statistics (April 2022 - March 2023)
Passengers1,514,260 (Increase 36.7%)
Aircraft movements13,222 (Increase 92.2%)
Cargo tonnage6,357 (Increase 21.9%)
Source: AAI[1][2][3]

Tiruchirappalli International Airport (IATA: TRZ, ICAO: VOTR) is an international airport serving Tiruchirappalli in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The airport, spread over an area of 702.02 acres (284.10 ha), is located on National Highway 336, about 5 km (3.1 mi) south of the city centre.[4] As of 2022, it is 31st busiest airport in India for passengers handled and 11th busiest for total international aircraft movement. It is the third busiest airport within Tamil Nadu in terms of total passenger traffic, after Chennai and Coimbatore.[5]

The airport handled by Airports Authority of India is served by two Indian and five foreign carriers providing direct connectivity to four domestic and ten international destinations. The airport is ISO 9001:2008 quality certified and was declared as an international airport in October 2012.[6][7]

Name Board

The airport's oldest terminal was converted into a cargo complex, while a new passenger terminal was built with 3 aerobridges. In 2024, a new integrated passenger terminal was inaugurated by PM Narendra Modi.

History

Pre World War II

The first known history of commercial flight landing at the airport dates back to 23 December 1936 when TATA Sons, Ltd. operated an Indo-Ceylon special airmail service between Madras and Colombo via Trichinopoly carrying Christmas mails connecting their regular airmail service between Karachi and Madras via Bhuj, Ahmedabad, Bombay, Hyderabad. The Special "Goodwill Flight" was operated by Miles M4A Merlin aircraft registered as VT-AHC and piloted by H. D. Barucha, the return flight to Madras via Trichinopoly occurred the next day.[8] This flight was a precursor for the extension of their regular Karachi-Madras Airmail service until Colombo via Trichinopoly, which began operations on 28 February 1938.[9] There are evidences of Weekly Air Mail service in operation on the Bombay-Goa-Cananore-Trivandrum-Tirchinopoly route during early 1937 which later made connection to the Karachi-Colombo Air Mail service at Trichinopoly.[10]

World War II

During World War II, RAF Station Kajamalai was established at the airfield and used by the British Royal Air Force.[11] The base started operating during May 1942 and until the beginning of 1944 the base was primarily used for repair and maintenance of warplanes which on landing were taken to a workshop at Ponmalai 2 km away. The airfield gained prominence during 1944 when planes were brought for calibration and other training activities also ferry flights started using the airfield. During second half of 1944, three squadrons were operating out of the airfield. At the end of war the airfield served as Staging Post and Personnel Transit Centre due to its prominent location.

Flying Squadrons
SquadronFromTillAircraft
No. 20 Squadron RAF31 July 194421 September 1944Hawker Hurricane IID[12][13]
No. 5 Squadron RAF29 October 194414 December 1944Thunderbolt I, II[14]
No. 123 Squadron RAF29 October 19443 December 1944Republic Thunderbolt II[15]

Various units also located at the airfield during and after the war

  • Nos 121, 101, and 138 Repair & Salvage Units (1942-1945)[13]
  • Air Stores/Equipment Park (1942-1945)
  • No. 2 Civil Maintenance Unit (1943-1946)
  • Headquarters for No. 173 Wing RAF (25 Nov 1942 - 19 October 1943) and No. 171 Wing RAF (1 August-8 November 1943)
  • No. 1580 Calibration Flight (February 1944 - October 1945); No. 1583 Calibration Flight (to 15 November 1945)[13]
  • Ferry flights (April 1944 - February 1946)
  • No. 156 Staging Post (March 1945 - April 1946)
  • No. 60 Personnel Transit Centre (September 1945 - November 1945)

Post World War II

When Ceylon government asked permission to operate flights between Colombo and Trichinopoly in 1947,[16] Indian government improved the aerodrome for full functioning and allowed flight operations to Colombo in 1948.[17] On 3 December 1948, Air Ceylon inaugurated a regular weekly commercial service between Colombo and Karachi, using a Dakota flight via Tiruchirappalli and Bombay.[18] During 1950, Air Ceylon operated dedicated daily flights from Colombo to Tiruchirappalli via Jaffna.[19] During 1952, Air India operated daily flights on Bombay-Madras-Tiruchirappalli-Colombo route,[20] which was later transferred to Indian airlines operated on Madras-Tiruchirappalli-Colombo route.

Beginning in the late 1950s, Tiruchirappalli was connected by domestic service with Madras, Madurai, Cochin and Trivandrum by Indian Airlines at different routings during different periods of time. During the 1990s, Indian Airlines started connecting Trichy with Middle Eastern cities like Kuwait and Sharjah. During the 2000s, it also connected Trichy with Ras-Al-Khaimah and Fujairah. Indian Airlines operated up until it was merged with Air India. Starting from late 2000, Trichy was connected with South East Asian destinations like Kuala Lumpur and Singapore by foreign airlines. Air India Express also started connecting Trichy with both Middle East and South East Asian destinations.

The airport was categorised as a customs airport until 4 October 2012, when it was given international status by the Ministry of Civil Aviation.[21][22]

Terminals

The airport has three adjacent terminals. The original passenger terminal has been converted into an international cargo complex housing the control tower and technical block, when a modern integrated passenger terminal was built by 2009, which is currently being used for both international and domestic air traffic. A new integrated passenger terminal, built in 2023 was inaugurated on 2 January 2024.

Integrated passenger terminal

The active integrated passenger terminal built at cost of ₹80 crore (US$10 million) was inaugurated on 21 February 2009 and started operations from 1 June 2009.[23] The two-story terminal has a floor area of 11,777 m2 (126,770 sq ft) with handling capacity of 0.49 million passengers per annum and peak hour capacity of 470 passengers. Some of the features of the current active terminal include:[24]

  • 12 Check-In Counters
  • 4 Custom Counters (1 departure + 3 arrival)
  • 16 Immigration Counters (8 departure + 8 arrival)
  • 3 Conveyor Belts (47 m (154 ft) each)
  • 1 Baggage Assistance Counter
  • 1 Health Officer Counter
  • 5 X-ray Scanners for Baggage (3 for registered baggages and 2 for hand baggages)[25]
  • 4 Security Check Units
  • 210 CISF Strength
  • Total aircraft stands = 7
    • 3 for code D aircraft
    • 4 for code C aircraft
  • 3 Aerobridges
  • Parking Space for 300 vehicles

The integrated terminal has two lounges, VIP lounge managed by AAI and commercial important persons (CIP) lounge also managed by AAI. After the opening of the newer terminal, the fate of the current terminal is unknown.

Cargo terminal

Cargo Terminal

The old terminal was converted into an international cargo complex at a cost of ₹ 10 million.[26] The 4,000 m2 (43,000 sq ft) cargo complex was commissioned for operations on 21 November 2011. The export wing occupies 2,193 m2 (23,610 sq ft) and 1,750 m2 (18,800 sq ft) for the import wing.[27] The Central Board of Excise and Customs had earlier approved and notified the airport as an air cargo complex.[28] The one-time holding capacity of the cargo terminal is 250 metric tonnes[29] The airport is the gateway for foreign export, as there is no easy way for export from the central region of Tamil Nadu.[30]

On 12 July 2013, the Ministry of Finance has notified the airport for international courier cargo movement. But the facilities for the same are yet to be set up by AAI.[31]

On 11 October 2013, a five-metric ton capacity cold storage facility was inaugurated at the cargo section. This facility will be helpful during flight delay, flight cancellation, advance booking and holiday bookings of cargo.[32]

On 21 April 2017, a dedicated import cargo facility has been created on 190 m2 (2,000 sq ft) at a cost of ₹20 lakh (US$25,000) to encourage more imports through the airport. At present, the imports are very minimal as compared with the exports.

On 1 July 2017, EDI facility has been introduced at the cargo terminal. With this facility, speedy and electronic clearance of freight is assured eliminating the manual process, making the export process more simple. This is expected to pave way for additional commodities being exported from the airport.[33]

Facilities

Runway

Runways at Tiruchirappalli Airport
Runway Number Length Width Strength (PCN) ILS[34]
09/27 2,427 m (7,963 ft) 45 m (148 ft) 68/F/A/W/T NIL / CAT I
15/33 (Closed) 1,456 m (4,777 ft) 45 m (148 ft) 15/F/B/W/T NIL / NIL

The airport's older runway, 15/33, was closed as part of early development, and is now used as an alternate taxiway to the apron. The re-carpeting work on the active runway 09/27 has been completed during February 2020 to July 2021, after 10 years, at a cost of ₹20 crore (US$2.5 million). [35][36]

Apron and Taxiway

View of Apron
Parking Bays at Tiruchirappalli Airport[37]
Stand Numbers PCN Aircraft Remarks
1-4 70/R/C/W/T B739/A321 Or Below Concrete Surface
5-7 84/R/B/W/T B767-200 Or Below Concrete Surface with Aerobridges
8 68/R/B/W/T A321 Or Below Concrete Surface
9 Under Construction[35]
10-20 87/R/B/W/T A321 Or Below Concrete Surface with Aerobridges
ISO Bay 64/R/B/W/T A321 Or Below Concrete Surface

Stands 10-20 became active on 31 December 2023 located in the new apron of 15,580 sq.m. size built as part of the new terminal, which was tendered in November 2017, and work was started in August 2018.[38]

Before January 2024, there was four taxiways designated as A, B, C and D. On 31 December 2023 along with the new apron, parallel taxiway E1, E2, E3 and four new taxiways F, G, H and J are activated [37]

Air Traffic Control

ATC Tower in old terminal building

All the aircraft flying in the Tiruchirappalli control area and operated out of Tiruchirappalli Airport are handled from the Air Traffic Control (ATC) tower located in the Cargo terminal building. Trichy ATC is one of the oldest towers in India which began operations on 5th November, 1960.

Along with the new terminal project AAI has proposed to construct a new Category-II Technical Block cum Air Traffic Control Tower.[39] Initially it was proposed to construct a 42.5 meters tall tower, after feasibility study was done to increase the height to 75 meters[40] its finalised to be 46 meters tall, including the top antenna. Tenders for the construction was floated at a cost of 51.49 crores in July 2022, work began in July 2023 and expected to take two years.[41] Salient features of the project are

  • ATC Tower cum Technical Block with build up area of 8,272.56 m2 (89,045.1 sq ft)
  • An Service/ Utility building area of 900 m2 (9,700 sq ft)
  • Height of Technical Block is 20.4 m (67 ft)
  • Height of ATC tower is 41 m (135 ft) and including top of antenna its 46 m (151 ft)
  • Separate parking space with capacity of 79 four wheelers and 51 two wheelers.

Madras Flying Club

The Madras Flying Club started in 1929 in Madras Presidency during British Raj. Operated previously in Chennai Airport premises, it had to shift their operations to Tiruchirapalli due to congestion and operational difficulties.[42][43] The academy began its operations at the airport on 10 January 2020, where they have placed 6 training aircraft at the hangar, which was previously used by V.K.N. Aviation Academy. They also have created three computer-aided smart classrooms facility in the airport. The Government of Tamil Nadu has allocated two acres (0.81 ha) of its land adjoining to the airport for the club to set up its operational infrastructure.[44]

Airlines and destinations

AirlinesDestinations
AirAsia Kuala Lumpur–International[45]
Air India Express Abu Dhabi,[46] Bangalore, Doha,[47] Dubai–International,[47] Kuwait City,[48] Muscat,[49] Sharjah,[47] Singapore[50]
Batik Air Malaysia Kuala Lumpur–International[51]
IndiGo Bangalore,[52] Chennai,[53] Hyderabad,[52] Mumbai,[54] Singapore[50]
Scoot Singapore[50]
SriLankan Airlines Colombo–Bandaranaike[55]
VietJet AirHo Chi Minh City[56]

Statistics

Annual passenger traffic at TRZ airport. See Wikidata query.

Expansion

Tiruchirappalli Airport has been undergoing expansion since 2004. The runway was extended from 1,829 m (6,000 ft) to 2,480 m (8,136 ft), the apron expanded to hold seven aircraft, the fire station upgraded, a new taxiway and the current integrated passenger terminal were constructed.

The Phase II expansion on 210 hectares (510 acres) by AAI includes extending the runway to 3,810 m (12,500 ft), construction of a modern, new Air Traffic Control (ATC) tower, an additional building complex and other works.[57] The Government of Tamil Nadu has agreed to provide land free to AAI for the expansion.

The airport is one of the non-metro airports selected for ₹200 crore (US$25 million) city side development on Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model.[58]

New integrated passenger terminal

Artist's impression of the new integrated passenger terminal
Aerial view of the new terminal

Due to the consistent increase in the air traffic, the current integrated passenger terminal building with a total floor area of 11,777 m2 (126,770 sq ft) to handle 470 peak-hour passengers has become insufficient. Initially, it was planned to expand the existing integrated terminal by 180 meters on both sides, by constructing an additional 17,920 m2 (192,900 sq ft) area to increase the passenger handling capacity to 1,075 peak-hour passengers,[59] but later, the Ministry of Civil Aviation initiated the construction of a new two-level passenger terminal at a cost of ₹951 crore (equivalent to ₹11 billion or US$140 million in 2023).[60]

The new terminal building has an area of 75,000 m2 (810,000 sq ft), with a capacity to handle 4.5 million passengers per year and with a peak-hour handling capacity of 3,900 passengers–2,900 international and 1,000 domestic. It has been constructed as per Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (GRIHA) four-star rating standards. The terminal is situated on the existing airport land available on the southern side, for which a new four-lane elevated access road has been built from the NH-336 passing beside the airport.[61] The Airports Authority of India (AAI) engaged a French company, Egis Group, in partnership with the British architectural firm, Pascall+Watson, as the project managers, completed the design and plan for construction by March 2018.[62]

The expansion project includes the following:

  • Two-level integrated terminal building
  • Parking for 750 cars, 250 taxis, and 10 buses
  • New Air Traffic Control (ATC) tower and a technical block
  • New apron to accommodate 5 MARS Stands (5 E Code or 10 C Code aircraft)
  • Upgrade of the fire station to Category 10
  • Expansion of the cargo terminal
  • Airport systems
  • City-side development
  • Rehabilitation of the AAI residential colony and CISF accommodation, consisting of 118 units

The terminal's design is inspired by the monuments of Tiruchirapalli, festivals like Pongal, art forms like Rangoli and Dravidian architectural forms like gopurams, placed on both sides of the entrance gates. The large roof of the terminal over the departure concourse is derived from traditional south Indian architecture. A big temple tower-like structure, resembling the Ranganathaswamy temple, for which Tiruchirapalli is known worldwide, welcomes passengers at the airport. The terminal roof, flooring patterns, column cladding, feature walls and the signage design are inspired by local arts, culture and traditions.[63]

The tender for construction was awarded to ITD Cementation India Pvt. Ltd. in August 2018, and the construction works were expected to begin by November 2018 and finish by September 2021.[64] Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone for the construction of the new terminal through video conferencing from Tiruppur, on 10 February 2019.[65] The terminal was expected to be completed by mid-2022. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic that caused labour shortages and slowdowns in work, it got delayed, hence was expected to be completed by mid-2023.[66] In December 2023, the terminal was completed and was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 2 January 2024.[67]

Runway extension

The current runway at the airport is one of the shortest runways among all the international airports in India. The original runway was planned to be expanded in two phases. Phase 1 is completed, and as part of the Phase 2 expansion, the runway is planned to be extended to 3,200 m (10,500 ft) initially from the existing 2,480 metres (8,140 ft), and later to 3,800 m (12,500 ft). AAI has sought land to the Government of Tamil Nadu and once land sought for the expansion is available, the extension would take place. The district administration has expressed its willingness to pay the market price for the land to be acquired. But the extension of the runway is pending for a long time due to delays in acquiring land.

The AAI has sought around 510 acres (210 ha) of land for the current expansion. Of the total about 188 acres (76 ha) are dry land, 116 acres (47 ha) wetland, 164.68 acres (66.64 ha) defense land, 40.59 acres (16.43 ha) wasteland and 5.8 acres (2.3 ha) is with Hindu Religious and Charitable Trust. To facilitate fast process on the airport expansion, a joint technical advisory committee involving the departments of agriculture, public works department and revenue had been formed during 2012, which is chaired by Member of Tiruchirapalli Parliamentary Constituency. Until 2019, P. Kumar chaired the meetings and currently its being chaired by Su. Thirunavukkarasar. The district administration has formed a special team comprising the airport director, revenue divisional officer, joint director of agriculture, officials of Public Works Department, and other agencies concerned to expedite the land acquisition process.[68]

In the joint advisory committee meeting on 17 June 2017, it was announced that the Government of Tamil Nadu has given administrative sanction for acquisition of land required for the proposed expansion of the runway. The state government has provided administrative sanction to acquire nearly 345.62 acres (139.87 ha) in May 2017, including dry and wet lands, besides 40 acres (16 ha) of government land. It has been decided to form a team to work on the exercise of land acquisition and payment of compensation.[69] During December 2017, the deputy director general of Defence Estates has provided in principle approval for providing 337.7 acres (136.7 ha) of land to the AAI, in lieu of land of “equal value” from the state government. The District Administration is also in process of acquiring residential buildings. With this, the airport expansion has gained momentum.[70]

Apron expansion

The AAI has expanded the existing apron with the construction of a third aerobridge and ramp equipment area, measuring 2,800 sq.m. at an estimated cost of ₹2.25 crore (US$280,000), which became active in January 2019.[71] The Ministry of Civil Aviation initiated the plan to expand the apron to provide two more aircraft bays, increasing the bay count to nine.[59] Work on additional bays was started in February 2020 at an estimated cost of ₹1.00 crore (US$130,000)[35], Work on one of the bay has been completed and operationalised, construction of another bay hasn't started as of January 2024, due to technical constrains. As part of the construction of the new terminal, an additional apron of 15,580 sq.m. size was constructed for parking up to 11 code C aircraft type, along with an isolation bay and GSE area including taxi tracks was completed by 31 December 2023.

Connectivity

Located on the Pudukottai-Trichy National Highway 336 the airport is well connected with frequent City buses to the major bus and railway terminals of the city like Central Bus Stand, Chatram Bus Stand, Srirangam and Trichy Junction. In addition to this exclusive buses were introduced to originate inside the airport premise destined to Thanjavur, Central Bus Stand and Karur.[72]

Maintenance facilities

  • Air Works has line maintenance facility[73] to conduct transit checks on Airbus A320 type aircraft, which is the First Line Maintenance facility of Air Works. It was opened on behalf of Singapore-based Scoot for its aircraft maintenance.[74]
  • The low-cost carrier, Air India Express, has an engineering stores complex for service and repairs of its aircraft. It helps quick turn around. Repair works could be carried out here. Initially, four licensed engineers and eight technicians were posted to meet the service and repair requirements of aircraft. The stores would have adequate spares and equipment.[75]

Awards

In March 2023, the airport was awarded as the Best Airport In the Asia-Pacific Region in the category of under 2 million passengers per annum by Airports Council International.[76]

Accidents and incidents

  • On 21 December 1949, Air Ceylon flight from Colombo Ratamalana to Trichinopoly via Jaffna Kankesanturai operated by Douglas DC-3 Dakota aircraft named "Sunethra Devi" and registered as VP-CAT crash landed at Trichinopoly Aerodrome. The accident was caused by engine trouble which was noticed after takeoff from Jaffna. There were no fatalities but all the three crew members along with one of the 21 passengers sustained injury. The aircraft was heavily damaged beyond any repair.[77][78]
  • On 25 December 1965, a non-scheduled Douglas DC-3 aircraft registered as VT-DUC met with an accident while landing at the airport due to pilot error. The aircraft had substantial damage with injuries to one passenger and two crew members.[79]
  • On 29 May 1980, Indian Airlines flight IC529, a Boeing 737-200 aircraft registered as VT-EGD, was operating on Chennai-Tiruchirappalli flight with 122 passengers and 6 crew members. During the landing the commander was not able to align the aircraft properly so requested and started performing go-around, during which the left wing came into contact with the runway. The flight returned to Chennai and landed safely with substantial damage to the plane which was rectified.[80]
  • On 11 October 2018, Air India Express flight IX611 to Dubai operated by Boeing 737-800 registered as VT-AYD suffered a tail strike, hit the ILS system and boundary wall while taking off at 1:18 AM. The pilot's continued the flight against Boeing's tail strike checklist, reassured by normal instrumentation. When the plane was nearing the Middle East, the pilot was ordered to fly to Mumbai. It landed safely, with no one sustaining any injuries. The fuselage, engine cowling and flight control surfaces were severely damaged with debris lodged in the landing gear.[81][82][83]

Naming the airport

In 2012, a request was made to name the airport after Sir C. V. Raman, a Nobel laureate from the city.[84] After the death of the former President of India A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, there have been requests made to rename the airport as "Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam International Airport".[85]

References

  1. ↑ "Annexure III – Passenger Data" (PDF). aai.aero. Retrieved 24 April 2023.
  2. ↑ "Annexure II – Aircraft Movement Data" (PDF). aai.aero. Retrieved 24 April 2023.
  3. ↑ "Annexure IV – Freight Movement Data" (PDF). aai.aero. Retrieved 24 April 2023.
  4. ↑ "Tiruchirapalli Airport at the Airports Authority of India". Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2017.
  5. ↑ "Website of the Airport Authority of India". 30 October 2020.
  6. ↑ "ISO Certification of Airports Under Various Standards" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 October 2010. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
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  13. 1 2 3 "Stations-T".
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  15. ↑ "No. 123 Squadron (RAF) during the Second World War". www.historyofwar.org.
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  37. 1 2 AIPS Data 2024
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  42. ↑ "Contact – Madras Flying Club". Themadrasflyingclub.org. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
  43. ↑ "Madras Flying Club to be shifted to city". Trichy News. 3 December 2018. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
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  45. ↑ Correspondent, Special (10 March 2022). "Air Asia plans to resume daily service on Tiruchi - Kuala Lumpur sector". The Hindu.
  46. ↑ "UAE airlines restore more flights to India: Here are the renewed schedules". OnManorama.
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  50. 1 2 3 Oct 21, TNN / Updated. "7 Additional Singapore Flights From Trichy | Trichy News - Times of India". The Times of India.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
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  52. 1 2 Oct 31, D. Vincent Arockiaraj / TNN /. "Seven new flights on Trichy-Bengaluru sector | Trichy News - Times of India". The Times of India.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  53. ↑ "Indigo, Air India Express resume flights to Dubai from Indian cities". gulfnews.com.
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  55. ↑ Correspondent, Special (25 August 2021). "Sri Lankan Airlines to restart Tiruchi-Colombo service from Sept. 2". The Hindu.
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