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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Bursa, Turkey.
Prior to 14th century
- 183 BCE – Prusa founded by Prusias I of Bithynia.[1]
- 76 BCE – Bithynia becomes part of Roman Empire.[1]
- 730 CE – Hagios Stephanos (church) built.
- 947 CE – City besieged by forces of Sayf al-Dawla of Aleppo.[2]
- 1097 – Seljuqs in power (approximate date).[3]
- 1204
- City besieged by French forces led by Pierre de Bracheux and Payen d'Orleans.[4]
- City becomes part of the Nicaean Empire.[5]
14th–18th centuries
- 1326 – Siege of Bursa; city becomes capital of Ottoman Empire.[2]
- 1331 – Traveller Ibn Battuta visits city.[3]
- 1335 – Alaeddin Bey Mosque built.[6]
- 1339 – Orhan Camii (mosque) built.[1]
- 1385 - Hüdavendigar Mosque completed.
- 1395 – Bayezid I Mosque built in Yıldırım.[7]
- 1399 – Ulu Cami (mosque) built.
- 1402 – City besieged by Timurids.[2]
- 1413 – City besieged by Karaman forces.[1]
- 1421
- Yesil Mosque and Yesil Türbe (mausoleum) built.
- Green Mosque, Bursa built.
- 1424 – Madrasa built.[3]
- 1426 – Muradiye Complex built.
- 1442 – Irgandi Bridge built near city.[8]
- 1453 – Capital of Ottoman Empire relocates from Bursa to Istanbul.[3]
- 1487 – Population: 40,000.[9]
- 1490 – Koza Han (caravansary) built.[3]
- 16th C. – Mayor Synagogue (Bursa) built (approximate date).
- 1512 – Ala ed-Din in power.[2]
- 1552 – Yeni Kaplica (bath) built.[3]
- 1607 – City besieged by Kalenderogli.[2]
- 1674 – Inebey Madrasa built in Tahtakale.[6]
19th century
- 1801 – Fire.[10]
- 1802 – Fire.[10]
- 1804 – Emir Sultan Mosque rebuilt.
- 1814 – Sultan Abdülmecid visits city.[5]
- 1823 – Population: 60,000 (approximate).[11]
- 1845 – Isiklar Military High School established.[3]
- 1852 – Brotte hotel in business.[12]
- 1855 – 28 February: Earthquake.
- 1864 – Gumuslu Kumbet (Silvered Tomb) rebuilt.[13]
- 1869
- 1875 – Orphanage founded.[10]
- 1879 – Ahmet Vefik Pasha Theater built.[3]
- 1883 – Egyptians in power.[2]
- 1891 – Mudania-Bursa railway begins operating.[16]
20th century
- 1902
- Bursa Archaeological Museum established.
- The export of silk in 1902 valued at £620,000.[2]
- 1904 - Bursa Museum of Turkish and Islamic Art established.
- 1910 – Population: 75,000.[2]
- 1920 – City taken by Greek forces.[3]
- 1923 – City becomes part of the newly formed Republic of Turkey.
- 1929 - Bursa Museum of Turkish and Islamic Art relocated.
- 1932 – Tayyare theatre opens.[17]
- 1944 – Military airport established.
- 1945 – Ant newspaper begins publication.[15]
- 1949 – Ormancı gazetesi newspaper begins publication.[15]
- 1950
- 1951 – İşçi sesi newspaper begins publication.[15]
- 1952 – Gece postası newspaper begins publication.[15]
- 1953 – Milletyolu newspaper begins publication (approximate date).[15]
- 1962 – International Bursa Festival begins.[19]
- 1963 – Bursaspor football club formed.
- 1970 – Maarif Koleji (Education College) established.
- 1972 – Archaeological Museum of Bursa opens.[20]
- 1973
- 1974 – Tofaş Sports Club formed.
- 1975
- Bursa University established.
- Turkish and Islamic Works Museum established in the Yesil complex.[20]
- 1979 – Bursa Atatürk Stadium opens.
- 1984 – Population: 535,500 (estimate).[22]
- 1989 - Bursa Forestry Museum opened.
- 1996 – Population: 1,211,688.[23]
- 1998
- Bursa State Symphony Orchestra founded.
- Bursa International Fair Building constructed.[6]
- 2000
- Yenisehir Airport begins operating civilian flights.
- Borçelik headquarters building constructed.[6]
21st century
- 2002
- 2008 – Wholesale Grocer and Fish Market, and Merinos Cultural Centre built.[6]
- 2010 – Bursa Technical University established.
- 2011
- Bursa Orhangazi University established.
- Population: 1,704,441.
- 2012 - Bursa Energy Museum established.
- 2016 – 2016 Bursa bombing
- 2017 - Population: 2,936,803 (estimate, urban agglomeration).[25]
See also
References
- 1 2 3 4 Broadrup 1995.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Britannica 1910.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Stanley 2008.
- ↑ Black 1910.
- 1 2 "About Bursa: History". Bursa: Uludağ University. Archived from the original on 4 February 2013. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
- 1 2 3 4 5 ArchNet. "Bursa". Archived from the original on 9 October 2012.
- ↑ Grove 2009.
- ↑ "Bursa". Islamic Cultural Heritage Database. Istanbul: Organization of Islamic Cooperation, Research Centre for Islamic History, Art and Culture. Archived from the original on 16 May 2013.
- ↑ Faroqhi 2008.
- 1 2 3 Murray 1907.
- ↑ Morse 1823.
- ↑ Cuinet 1894.
- ↑ Kuran 1996.
- ↑ "City Guide: Bursa". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Global Resources Network". Chicago, USA: Center for Research Libraries. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
- ↑ Diplomatic and Consular Reports: Turkey. Great Britain, Foreign Office. 1892.
- ↑ "About Bursa: Culture". Bursa: Uludağ University. Archived from the original on 4 February 2013. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
- ↑ "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations.
- ↑ "International Bursa Festival". Gent, Belgium: European Festivals Association. Archived from the original on 19 January 2013. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
- 1 2 3 "About Bursa: Museums". Bursa: Uludağ University. Archived from the original on 4 February 2013. Retrieved 5 February 2013.
- ↑ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ↑ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ↑ Census, October 1996
- ↑ "7th edition of Bursa Book Fair opens at weekend". Hürriyet Daily News. 28 February 2009.
- ↑ "Table 8 - Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants", Demographic Yearbook – 2018, United Nations
This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia and Turkish Wikipedia.
Bibliography
- Published in 19th century
- William Hunter (1803), "(Brusa)", Travels through France, Turkey, and Hungary, to Vienna, in 1792 (3rd ed.), London: J. White, OCLC 10321359
- Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Bursa", A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
- John Fuller (1830), "(Brusa)", Narrative of a Tour Through Some Parts of the Turkish Empire, John Murray, OCLC 15470157
- John Macgregor (1844). "Trade of Brussa". Commercial Statistics. London: C. Knight and Co.
- George Henry Townsend (1867), "Brusa", A Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.
- J.T. Bent (1889). "On the Slopes of Olympus". Gentleman's Magazine.
- Vital Cuinet (1894). Vilayet de Brousse. La Turquie d'Asie (in French). Paris: Ernest Leroux.
- Published in 20th century
- "Brusa". Guide to Greece, the Archipelago, Constantinople, the Coasts of Asia Minor. London: Macmillan and Co. 1907.
- "Brusa", Handbook for Travellers in Constantinople, Brusa, and the Troad, London: J. Murray, 1907 (+ 1854 ed.)
- Demetrius Coufopoulos (1910), "Brusa", Guide to Constantinople (4th ed.), London: Adam and Charles Black
- . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 691.
- H. Gerber (1976), "Guilds in Seventeenth Century Bursa", Asian and African Studies
- Murat Çịzakça (1980). "A Short History of the Bursa Silk Industry (1500–1900)". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. 23.
- Haim Gerber (1980). "Social and Economic Position of Women in an Ottoman City, Bursa, 1600–1700". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 12.
- Halil Sahillioğlu (1985). "Slaves in the social and economic life of Bursa in the late 15th and early 16th centuries". Turcica.
- Haim Gerber (1988). Economy and Society in an Ottoman City: Bursa, 1600–1700. Jerusalem: Hebrew University.
- "Turkey: Bursa", Middle East, Lonely Planet, 1994, p. 633+, OL 16516298W
- E. Broadrup (1995). "Bursa, Turkey". International Dictionary of Historic Places. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn. p. 105.
- Aptullah Kuran (1996). "A Spatial Study of Three Ottoman Capitals: Bursa, Edirne, and Istanbul". Muqarnas. Cambridge, Massachusetts. 13.
- "Northwestern Turkey: Bursa". Greece & Turkey. Let's Go. 1996. p. 453+. ISBN 9780312135447.
- Published in 21st century
- Suraiya Faroqhi (2008). "At the Ottoman Empire's Industrious Core: the Story of Bursa". The City in the Islamic World. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill. p. 357+.
- Bruce E. Stanley; Michael R.T. Dumper, eds. (2008), "Bursa", Cities of the Middle East and North Africa, Santa Barbara, USA: ABC-CLIO, p. 100
- Gabor Agoston; Bruce Alan Masters (2009). "Bursa". Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire. Facts on File. ISBN 978-1-4381-1025-7.
- "Bursa". Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art & Architecture. Oxford University Press. 2009. p. 317.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Bursa.
- Europeana. Items related to Bursa, various dates.
- "Bursa". Silk Road Seattle. USA: Walter Chapin Simpson Center for the Humanities, University of Washington.
40°11′00″N 29°03′00″E / 40.183333°N 29.05°E
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