2011 Te Tai Tokerau by-election
25 June 2011
Turnout13,594
 
Candidate Hone Harawira Kelvin Davis Solomon Tipene
Party Mana Labour Māori Party
Popular vote 6,065 4,948 1,087
Percentage 49.28 40.20 8.83
MP before election

Hone Harawira
Independent

 Elected MP

Hone Harawira
Mana

The 2011 Te Tai Tokerau by-election was a by-election in the New Zealand electorate of Te Tai Tokerau that was caused by Hone Harawira's resignation from the seat. Prior to resigning his seat, Harawira had resigned from the Māori Party and formed his own Mana Party.[1]

In May 2011 Harawira resigned from parliament,[2] and a by-election was announced for 25 June.[3] Harawira held his seat in the election, and won it again five months later in the 2011 general election. Harawira's decision to force a by-election so close to the general election incited criticism.

Background

On 23 February 2011, following an ongoing rift with fellow members of the Māori Party, Hone Harawira resigned from the party after the party's disciplinary committee recommended his expulsion.[4] Harawira announced his new Mana Party on 30 April 2011, also stating that he intended to resign from parliament to force a by-election before the coming 2011 general election.[5]

After generating several days of media interest and criticism,[6][7] Harawira announced on 4 May 2011 that he was delaying his resignation in order to consult his supporters in his electorate.[8][9] On 11 May 2011 Harawira wrote to the Speaker of the House resigning from parliament, with effect from 20 May 2011.[10] On 12 May 2011 the prime minister, John Key, announced that the by-election would be held on 25 June.[11]

Reception

Many politicians and political commentators criticised the by-election because it would occur so close to the general election. Under New Zealand law, a by-election will not be held if there will be a general election within the next six months and 75% of MPs agree not to hold the by-election. So if Harawira had resigned later than 26 May then the by-election may not have occurred.

Harawira defended the by-election, which cost an estimated $500,000, saying "It's hardly an expense in terms of democracy".[12]

Comparison to previous by-elections

The New Zealand political blogging community viewed some aspects of the by-election as being very similar to the 1993 Tauranga by-election. That by-election was held on 17 April and the subsequent general election on 7 November, after Winston Peters resigned first from the National Party, following disagreements with its leadership, and then as an MP in order to seek a "fresh mandate" for his views.[13] The Tauranga by-election was labelled by media and opposing parties as a 'Publicity stunt',[14] as was this by-election.[15]

Claire Trevett of The New Zealand Herald saw Harawira's resignation to force the election as "a direct echo" of Tariana Turia's resignation to force the 2004 Te Tai Hauauru by-election.[16] However, Turia resigned 14 months before the 2005 New Zealand general election, and the by-election took place at a time when the election date had not been set. Harawira's by-election took place within six months of a general election.

Candidates

Five candidates stood in the by-election. Replacing Hone Harawira, who had left to stand for the Mana Party, the Māori Party selected Solomon Tipene as its candidate,[17][18][19] choosing him over Waihoroi Shortland and Mere Mangu, who were also considered for the nomination.[20]

Kelvin Davis stood for the Labour Party. He had contested the seat for Labour since 2008, and Davis would eventually beat Harawira for the seat in 2014.

Kelvyn Alp contested the by-election for the OurNZ Party and Maki Herbert stood for the Aotearoa Legalise Cannabis Party.[21][22]

Results

Counting commenced at 7:00pm on election day, with preliminary results due by 10:00pm. Official results were declared on Wednesday 6 July 2011. With 32,855 people enrolled to vote, turnout was 37.56%.[23]

2011 Te Tai Tokerau by-election

Notes: Blue background denotes the winner of the by-election.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list prior to the by-election.
Yellow background denotes the winner of the by-election, who was a list MP prior to the by-election.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Mana Party Green tickY Hone Harawira 6,065 49.28
Labour Kelvin Davis 4,948 40.20
Māori Party Solomon Tipene 1,087 8.83
Legalise Cannabis Maki Herbert 135 1.10
OurNZ Kelvyn Alp 72 0.59
Informal votes 32
Total Valid votes 12,307
Mana Party gain from Māori Party Majority 1,117 9.08

References

  1. ↑ Hill, Marika (30 April 2011). "Hone Harawira launches new party". Stuff. Archived from the original on 13 September 2012. Retrieved 2 May 2011.
  2. ↑ "Harawira resigns from Parliament". 11 May 2011. Retrieved 11 May 2011.
  3. ↑ "Te Tai Tokerau byelection date announced". The New Zealand Herald. 12 May 2011. Retrieved 12 May 2011.
  4. ↑ "Harawira out of Maori Party". ONE News. 23 February 2011. Retrieved 23 February 2011.
  5. ↑ Hill, Marika (30 April 2011). "Hone Harawira launches new party". Stuff. Archived from the original on 13 September 2012. Retrieved 2 May 2011.
  6. ↑ "Financial windfall if MP re-elected". The New Zealand Herald. 4 May 2011. Retrieved 4 May 2011.
  7. ↑ "Harawira's resignation a 'stunt' - PM". The New Zealand Herald. 2 May 2011. Retrieved 2 May 2011.
  8. ↑ "Harawira seeking advice on by-election". Scoop. 4 May 2011. Retrieved 4 May 2011.
  9. ↑ "Harawira delays resignation". The New Zealand Herald. 3 May 2011. Retrieved 3 May 2011.
  10. ↑ "Harawira resigns from Parliament". 11 May 2011. Retrieved 11 May 2011.
  11. ↑ "Te Tai Tokerau byelection date announced". The New Zealand Herald. 12 May 2011. Retrieved 12 May 2011.
  12. ↑ Powley, Kathryn (1 May 2011). "Mana Party's $500,000 bill". The New Zealand Herald. APN News & Media. Retrieved 1 May 2011.
  13. ↑ "Practical Considerations". Retrieved 2 May 2011.
  14. ↑ "Tauranga lost but Peters still there". TVNZ News. TVNZ Interactive. 17 September 2005. Retrieved 2 May 2001.
  15. ↑ "Harawira delays resignation". The New Zealand Herald. 4 May 2011. Retrieved 8 May 2011.
  16. ↑ Trevett, Claire (28 April 2011). "Harawira weighs up forcing early vote". The New Zealand Herald. APN News & Media. Retrieved 1 May 2011.
  17. ↑ Chapman, Kate (10 May 2011). "Harawira seat likely three-way contest". Stuff.co.nz. Retrieved 19 November 2011.
  18. ↑ Solomon Tipene : A Man who can deliver for Te Tai Tokerau Press Release: Māori Party (via Scoop.co.nz), 25 May 2011
  19. ↑ "Candidate keen to stabilise electorate". Waatea603am.co.nz. 25 May 2011. Retrieved 11 December 2011.
  20. ↑ Maori Party Close to Announcing Candidate for Te Tai Tokerau scoop.co.nz, 22 May 2011
  21. ↑ "Kelvyn Alp To Contest Te Tai Tokerau By-Election". Press Release: OurNZ Party (via Scoop.co.nz). 14 May 2011.
  22. ↑ Te Tai Tokerau by-election candidates announced Archived 6 June 2011 at the Wayback Machine elections.org.nz, 31 May 2011
  23. ↑ "2011 Te Tai Tokerau by election stats". New Zealand Electoral Commission. 6 July 2011. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
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