Tabas
Persian: طبس
City
Hosein Ibn Mosa Alkazem's Shrine in Tabas
Hosein Ibn Mosa Alkazem's Shrine in Tabas
Tabas is located in Iran
Tabas
Tabas
Coordinates: 33°35′46″N 56°55′41″E / 33.59611°N 56.92806°E / 33.59611; 56.92806[1]
Country Iran
ProvinceSouth Khorasan
CountyTabas
DistrictCentral
Highest elevation
730 m (2,400 ft)
Lowest elevation
660 m (2,170 ft)
Population
 (2016)[2]
 • Total39,676
Time zoneUTC+3:30 (IRST)

Tabas (Persian: طبس, also Romanized as Ṭabas), formerly known as Golshan,[3] is a city in the Central District of Tabas County, South Khorasan province, Iran, and serves as capital of the county.[4]

At the 2006 census, its population was 30,681 in 7,962 households, when it was in Yazd province.[5] The following census in 2011 counted 35,150 people in 9,903 households.[6] The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 39,676 people in 11,876 households,[2] by which time the county had been separated from the province and become a part of South Khorasan province.[7]

Tabas is located in central Iran, 950 kilometers southeast of Tehran, in South Khorasan Province. At first, it was part of the Khorasan province, but in 2001, it was joined to the Yazd Province.[8] However, in 2013, it was returned to Khorasan, and it became part of South Khorasan province.[7] The name Khorasan means the land of the rising sun. There are two other places in Khorasan called Tabas, but the name Tabas usually refers to the city under discussion.

It is a desert city with many date and citrus trees. It has a 300-year-old public garden (Bagh-e-Golshan).[9] There is also a shrine in Tabas that is visited every year by thousands of pilgrims. Tabas has two universities with 2,500 to 3,500 students.[10] The city has hot summers, and people rarely see a winter snowfall.

The people of Tabas speak a Khorasani accent of Persian that sounds somewhat different from the standard Iranian version ("Tehrani accent").

History

The history of Tabas dates back to pre-Islamic times. It was an important outpost of the Sassanid empire, and during the Muslim conquest of Persia, it was considered the gateway to Khorasan. It was spared when the Mongols attacked Iran. It had a local government incorporating not only Tabas but also Ferdows and Gonabad. After the death of Nader Shah in 1747, it as under the control of the Zangu'i Arabs as an independent state which included nearby Tun.[11][12] For a time they even kidnapped Nader Mirza Afshar and placed the Kurds of Khabushan in control of Mashhad.

In 1978, the 7.4 Mw  Tabas earthquake affected the city with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent). At least 15,000 people were killed. Since then, the city has been rebuilt with many new streets, parks and public buildings.

Climate

Tabas has a hot desert climate (Köppen BWh).

Climate data for Tabas
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 13.6
(56.5)		 17.2
(63.0)		 23.0
(73.4)		 29.4
(84.9)		 35.3
(95.5)		 40.7
(105.3)		 42.2
(108.0)		 40.5
(104.9)		 37.1
(98.8)		 30.6
(87.1)		 22.6
(72.7)		 15.6
(60.1)		 29.0
(84.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) 7.7
(45.9)		 10.9
(51.6)		 16.3
(61.3)		 22.4
(72.3)		 28.1
(82.6)		 33.0
(91.4)		 35.0
(95.0)		 33.0
(91.4)		 28.8
(83.8)		 22.6
(72.7)		 15.4
(59.7)		 9.4
(48.9)		 21.9
(71.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1.8
(35.2)		 4.6
(40.3)		 9.5
(49.1)		 15.4
(59.7)		 20.9
(69.6)		 25.3
(77.5)		 27.7
(81.9)		 25.4
(77.7)		 20.5
(68.9)		 14.6
(58.3)		 8.2
(46.8)		 3.3
(37.9)		 14.8
(58.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 16.0
(0.63)		 14.2
(0.56)		 16.8
(0.66)		 12.6
(0.50)		 4.1
(0.16)		 0.2
(0.01)		 0.1
(0.00)		 0.0
(0.0)		 0.0
(0.0)		 1.4
(0.06)		 3.9
(0.15)		 12.9
(0.51)		 82.2
(3.24)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 3 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 11
Average relative humidity (%) 57 48 39 33 26 19 19 19 21 28 39 52 33
Source: https://irimo.ir

Operation Eagle Claw

The failed rescue American operation Operation Eagle Claw on 24–25 April 1980 to free American hostages in Tehran occurred near Tabas in Tabas Country about 127km southwest of Tabas town by the road to Yazd location (33.07020674739667;55.89196171977231).[13] In Iran, the operation is called amaliat tabas (Tabas operation), and the significance and aftermath of the failed operation made the city Tabas known in almost every corner of Iran.[14] The Tabas air defense system is accordingly named so.

Transport

Multiple bus lines, a railroad station and an airport connect Tabas to Mashhad, Yazd, Tehran, Kerman and Birjand (the capital city of South Khorasan province).

Agricultural products

The agricultural products of this desert city are very significant. Products such as: oranges, pistachios, dates, persimmons, summer fruits and daffodils; Also, tea bread, chickpea bread, and jams that are prepared from agricultural products, such as: spring orange jam, balang jam, orange peel jam, and Tabas mountain and local liqueurs.[15]

Mines

Tabas has some of the richest coal mines of Iran.[16]

Notable people

References

  1. ↑ OpenStreetMap contributors (23 March 2023). "Tabas, Tabas County" (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved 23 March 2023.
  2. 1 2 "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 29. Archived from the original (Excel) on 17 October 2020. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  3. ↑ Tabas can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3086556" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
  4. ↑ Habibi, Hassan (21 June 1369). "Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the divisions of Khorasan province, centered in Mashhad". Lamtakam (in Persian). Ministry of Interior, Defense Political Commission of the Government Council. Archived from the original on 27 December 2023. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
  5. ↑ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 21. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  6. ↑ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)". Syracuse University (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 21. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  7. 1 2 Rahimi, Mohammad Reza (19 December 2013). "Approval letter regarding the abstraction of Tabas County from Yazd province and its annexation to South Khorasan province". Research Center of the System of Laws of the Islamic Council of the Farabi Library (in Persian). Ministry of Interior, Council of Ministers. Archived from the original on 29 May 2013. Retrieved 25 November 2023.
  8. ↑ معرفی شهرستان طبس، پیشینه تاریخی (in Persian). Yazd Province Governorship. Archived from the original on 16 November 2012. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
  9. ↑ Samira (18 January 2019). "Bagh-e-Golshan". Iran Asia. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
  10. ↑ "Islamic Azad University Tabas - | Admission | Tuition | University". www.unipage.net. Retrieved 11 July 2022.
  11. ↑ Malcolm, Sir John (1829). The History of Persia: From the Most Early Period to the Present Time. Murray.
  12. ↑ Noelle-Karimi, Christine (2014). The Pearl in Its Midst: Herat and the Mapping of Khurasan (15th-19th Centuries). Austrian Academy of Sciences Press. ISBN 978-3-7001-7202-4.
  13. ↑ "Operation Eagle Claw", Encyclopedia of Terrorism, 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks California 91320 United States: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2003, doi:10.4135/9781412952590.n324, ISBN 9780761924081, retrieved 27 June 2023{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
  14. ↑ fa:عملیات طبس
  15. ↑ Group, Baniboom. "Tabas - Tabas City Ecotourist and Tourist and Sights list". Baniboom. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
  16. ↑ "Visit Tabas Tourist Attractions, Historical & Natural | Destination Iran". www.destinationiran.com. 5 April 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2022.
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