Panama Canal

In 1905 Latchford took the civil service examination and after passing it applied for a job at the Isthmian Canal Commission which he obtained. For the next six years (1905–1911), Latchford worked as a clerk in the Panama Canal Zone.

State Department career

Upon returning to the United States in 1911, Latchford transferred on August 19, 1911, to the U.S. State Department's Diplomatic Bureau. He later moved to the Division of Latin-American Affairs as it expanded and performed clerical tasks on diplomatic and consular correspondence on matters relating to Mexico, Central America, Panama, South America, and the West Indies.

By 1915, he was working at the Division of Mexican Affairs as a clerk, where he was promoted as a clerk to 'Class One', in 1916, to 'Class Two', and in 1918 to "Class Three'.

Aviation expert and the CITEJA

After rising through the State Department ranks consistently from 1928 to 1934, Latchford turned towards aviation law, a little explored aspect of law at the time.

By the late 1920s, as aviation expanded and special laws became necessary for its growth and development, the International Technical Committee of Aerial Legal Experts (CITEJA) was founded in Paris in 1926 by a resolution adopted at the First International Conference of Private Air Law and was tasked with the establishment of an organized and uniform set of laws that would later be the basis of air laws worldwide.

Initially, the United States began sending only unofficial advisers to CITEJA meetings, but in 1934, the US government took on a more active role in dealing with the CITEJA. With Latchford's appointment as a member of the American Section at the CITEJA, the U.S. adopted an ever-greater role in global aviation conferences and affairs in the years leading up to the Second World War. Latchford subsequently played a major role in shaping American air laws and is regarded as one of America's earliest experts of aviation law.

Latchford was also a member of the State Department's Committee on International Civil Aviation from 1935 to 1938. During the time, he also served as Assistant Executive Secretary at the Interdepartmental Committee on International Civil Aviation. Over the years, he worked with airline entrepreneur Juan Trippe, President and Founder of Pan American Airways, as the two collaborated to develop and create a code of practical and viable air laws. Latchford was instrumental to the State Department efforts that propelled Pan American to become one of the world's most prominent airlines of the twentieth century, serving as chairman of U.S. delegations to CITEJA sessions and as U.S. representative at the United States-Canada Aviation Conference held at Washington, D.C. in 1938 and again in Ottawa in 1939.

In March 1938, President Roosevelt appointed Latchford the State Department's "Expert on Air Laws" and promoted him to Chairman of the American Section at the International Technical Committee of Aerial Legal Experts. Latchford remained in his capacity as Chairman of the American Section throughout CITEJA's existence, representing the United States for nearly a decade until CITEJA's dismantlement in the late 1940s. He was elevated to Chief of the State Department's Aviation Section in August 1938.

Latchford developed extensive knowledge in maritime law as it overlapped in many aspects with aviation law. Roosevelt named him Vice Chairman of the American Delegation to the 4th International Conference on Private Air Law held at Brussels in 1938, the last international conference on private air law before the outbreak of WWII. It produced a number of resolutions that ultimately led to the unification of both aviation and maritime laws on key issues.

Late career and retirement

Latchford served once as President of the Panama Canal Society of Washington.

The arrival of World War II marked a new chapter in aviation. On March 18, 1943, with the war raging on, Latchford's authority at the State Department amplified as he was promoted to Grade 7 as a Head Professional and named 'Advisor of Air Law'. He also took part in the Permanent American Aeronautical Commission meeting as a member in the United States Commission in 1944.

At the historic 1944 Chicago Convention, in which 52 states and 190 parties took part in and which shaped the role of aviation worldwide, Latchford served as an adviser to the United States delegation. He was the driving force behind the first draft on the convention on international civil aviation that was adopted by the Chicago Conference. Among the conference's most significant outcomes was the formation of the Provisional International Civil Aviation Organization (PICAO). The Chicago Convention furthermore led to the establishment of what would become the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), a specialized agency of the United Nations that exists to this day.

Although the work of the CITEJA was generally limited during the war, a few conferences did take place with the support of the French government. Latchford was by then functioning as a legal advisor to newly appointed Secretary George Marshall and assisted in the launching of the Marshall Plan. He, in particular, worked the legal angle, thus allowing for the shipment of American aid to devastated European nations after the defeat of Germany in 1945.

In 1946, members of the CITEJA convened in Paris to discuss the effect of the war and its predicaments and the future of the organization. Latchford personally traveled to Paris to head the U.S. delegation to the meeting, the first time since he had been appointed Chairman of the CITEJA's American Section.

On July 30, 1948, Latchford retired at the age of 65 after working nearly four decades at the State Department.