Sonia Rykiel
Rykiel in 2009
Born
Sonia Flis

(1930-05-25)25 May 1930
Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
Died25 August 2016(2016-08-25) (aged 86)
Paris, France
Occupation(s)Fashion designer, writer
Spouse
Sam Rykiel
​
(m. 1953⁠–⁠1968)​
ChildrenNathalie Rykiel[1]
Jean-Philippe Rykiel[1]

Sonia Rykiel (née Flis; French pronunciation: [sɔn.ja ʁi.kjɛl]; 25 May 1930 – 25 August 2016) was a French fashion designer and writer.[2][3] She created the Poor Boy Sweater, which was featured on the cover of French Elle magazine. Her knitwear designs and new fashion techniques led her to be dubbed the "Queen of Knits". The Sonia Rykiel label was founded in 1968, upon the opening of her first store, making clothing, accessories, and fragrances. Rykiel was also a writer, and her first book was published in 1979. In 2012, Rykiel revealed that she was suffering from Parkinson's disease. She died from complications of the disease on 25 August 2016.

Early and personal life

Sonia Flis was born to Jewish parents in Neuilly-sur-Seine on 25 May 1930. Her mother was from Poland, and her father was a watchmaker from Romania.[4][5][6] She was the eldest of five sisters.[2] In 1948, at the age of 17, she was employed to dress the window displays in a Parisian textile store, the Grande Maison de Blanc.[4]

In 1953, Sonia married Sam Rykiel, owner of Laura, a boutique selling elegant clothing. The couple had two children, Nathalie and Jean-Philippe Rykiel. They divorced in 1968.[4]

Rykiel often wore her clothes from her own label and stuck to wearing dark green, brown, navy, and black garments. Of her style, Rykiel said, "I hate wasting time getting dressed. I like to put something on and just think: 'Yes. That's it.' When I'm tired I like to dress very simply – perhaps a black crêpe jacket and black crêpe trousers."[7] Rykiel was also known for her distinctive hairstyle – red hair cut into a bob with a heavy fringe.[6]

In 2009, Rykiel signed a petition in support of film director Roman Polanski, calling for his release after Polanski was arrested in Switzerland in relation to his 1977 charge for drugging and raping a 13-year-old girl.[8]

Career

Fashion

Knitted ensemble by Sonia Rykiel, Spring-Summer 1986

In 1962, unable to find something to wear during her pregnancy, Rykiel used an Italian clothing supplier to design and create a dress and a sweater, which incorporated high cut arm holes and a shrunken fit to cling to the body.[6] The practical and modern style led to orders from her friends and became known as the Poor Boy Sweater.[6] Rykiel started selling the sweaters from her husband's store and the Poor Boy Sweater made the cover of French Elle magazine, bringing Rykiel fame. Actress Audrey Hepburn bought 14 sweaters in every colour.[7] Rykiel's husband helped her to create the Sonia Rykiel Company in 1965.[9] In 1968, Rykiel opened her first boutique store on the Left Bank.[10]

Rykiel invented various fashion techniques. She was the first designer to put seams on the outside of a garment, leave hems unfinished and use slogans on her sweaters.[6][11] She has also been credited with popularisation of wearing black.[11] In 1972, Rykiel was dubbed "Queen of Knits" by Women's Wear Daily.[7] She was also known as "Coco Rykiel", a comparison to Coco Chanel.[12] In 1977, she became the first designer to create a line of clothes for mail order firm 3 Suisses.[13] The following year, she launched her first fragrance called Septième sens (Seventh Sense).[5] Rykiel contributed to the interior decoration for the Hôtel de Crillon and the Hôtel Lutetia.[14][15]

Rykiel designed and created the costumes for the French musical comedy Les Dix Commandements.[16] Nathalie Rykiel was appointed president of Sonia Rykiel in 2007.[5] In October 2008, at a fashion show celebrating the brand's 40th anniversary, tributes were paid to Rykiel. Thirty fashion designers, including Ralph Lauren, Jean-Paul Gaultier and Giorgio Armani, showcased their visions of the "Rykiel woman".[13] The brand and its designs were also the subject of an exhibition at the Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris from 20 November 2008 to 20 April 2009. The Sonia Rykiel Exhibition was curated by Olivier Saillard.[17] In December 2009, Rykiel and H&M introduced "Sonia Rykiel pour H&M", two masstige operations with the Swedish retailer.[18] An event was held at the Grand Palais in Paris to celebrate the collection.

In January 2012 the Sonia Rykiel Company became majority-owned by the Hong Kong-based First Heritage Brands, part of the investment company Fung Brands. Fung Brands acquired 80 percent of Sonia Rykiel, with the Rykiel family retaining a 20 percent stake.[13][19] That same year, Canadian designer Geraldo da Conceicao succeeded April Crichton as the artistic director of Rykiel.[20] Julie de Libran took over the role during the following year.[21]

In 2019, after years of mismanagement by First Heritage Brands,[22] the Sonia Rykiel brand liquidated its operations, after a Paris commercial court judge rejected Lévy, the only remaining bidder for the company.[23]

Writing

Rykiel was also a writer. She wrote several books about fashion, a collection of children's stories, magazine columns and an epistolary novel with Régine Deforges.[4] Her first book Et Je La Voudrais Nue (I Would Like Her Naked) was published in 1979.[12] In 2012, she co-authored N'oubliez pas que je joue (Don't forget it's a game) with journalist Judith Perrignon.[24]

Music and film

Rykiel collaborated with impresario and performer Malcolm McLaren on the song "Who the Hell is Sonia Rykiel?" on McLaren's 1995 album Paris.[25]

Rykiel makes a cameo appearance in Robert Altman's 1994 film Prêt-à-Porter. Altman was inspired to make the film after attending one of Rykiel's ready-to-wear fashion shows.[11] The lead character, played by actress Anouk Aimée, was based on the designer.[11] Rykiel appears as Hortense in the 1998 French comedy film Riches, belles, etc..[26]

Death

Rykiel died at her home in Paris during the morning of 25 August 2016, aged 86. Her death was caused by complications from Parkinson's disease.[27] Rykiel revealed in 2012 that she had been suffering from the disease for fifteen years.[24] She is survived by her children Nathalie and Jean-Philippe Rykiel.[4] President François Hollande called Rykiel "a pioneer", while Jean-Marc Loubier stated "It is a sad day but Sonia Rykiel leaves behind her an extraordinary legacy."[27]

Honours

  • Oscar from Fashion Group International of New York (1986)[28]
  • Officer of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (1993)[29]
  • Award for Design Excellence from the Chicago Historical Society's Costume Committee (1994).[28]
  • Officer of l'Ordre National de la Légion d'Honneur (1996)[29]
  • Trophée Whirlpool des Femmes in Gold entrepreneurial award (1997)[28]
  • Commander of the National Order of Merit (2001)[30]
  • Woman of the Year from the Association des Amis du Musée de Tel-Aviv (2002)
  • Promoted to Commander of l'ordre national de la Légion d'Honneur (2008)[31]
  • Grande Médaille de Vermeil de la Ville de Paris[32]
  • Promoted to Commander of l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres for her contribution to arts and literature (2012)[32]
  • Promoted to Grand Officer of the National Order of Merit (2013)[31]
  • A street in Paris was named after Sonia Rykiel in September 2018.[33][34]

References

  1. 1 2 Zahm, Olivier (10 April 2010). "Sonia Rykiel Interview". Purple. Retrieved 26 August 2016.
  2. 1 2 Long, Carola (15 November 2008). "Left of centre: Celebrating 40 years of Sonia Rykiel". The Independent. United Kingdom. Archived from the original on 18 March 2011. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  3. ↑ Champenois, Sabrina (4 December 2008). "L'impératrice rousse". Libération (in French). Archived from the original on 30 June 2012. Retrieved 24 November 2010.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 McFadden, Robert D. (25 August 2016). "Sonia Rykiel, Fashion Designer for the 'Fragile, but Strong,' Dies at 86". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  5. 1 2 3 "Queen of Knitwear Sonia Rykiel dies, aged 86". Radio France Internationale. 25 August 2016. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 Moss, Victoria (25 August 2016). "Paying tribute to Sonia Rykiel: The designer who made fashion liberating". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  7. 1 2 3 Rykiel, Sonia (5 August 2012). "Sonia Rykiel: 'I could no longer keep my illness secret'". The Guardian. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  8. ↑ "Cruz joins famous faces in push for Polanski". Independent Online. 5 October 2009. Retrieved 19 April 2022.
  9. ↑ "Company Overview of Sonia Rykiel C.D.M. S.A." Bloomberg.com. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  10. ↑ Hyland, Véronique (25 August 2016). "Sonia Rykiel Started With a Maternity Dress and Ended With an Empire". New York. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  11. 1 2 3 4 Thomas, Dana (10 March 1994). "Star Designer Robert Altman's New Film Will Swirl Around Sonia Rykiel's Fashion House. Who Is The Influential Parisian? She Makes Clothes For Women Who Want To Change The World". Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  12. 1 2 Menkes, Suzy (28 April 1998). "Sonia Rykiel: Still Whipping Up the Cultural Broth". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  13. 1 2 3 Joignot, Frédéric (8 October 2013). "Sonia Rykiel, queen of knitwear". The Guardian. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  14. ↑ "Paris: 5 Places to Stay Hôtel de Crillon". Time. 10 November 2009. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  15. ↑ Jennings, Helen (10 June 2010). "Hotel Lutetia: A hotbed of history". Metro. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  16. ↑ ""Les Dix Commandments" Enraptures Locals". The Seoul Times. 2006. Retrieved 26 August 2016.
  17. ↑ "Exposition : Sonia Rykiel aux Arts décoratifs". Cosmopolitan France (in French). Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  18. ↑ "H&M FR | Les toutes dernières tendances de la mode et des vêtements de qualité au meilleur prix | H&M". Hm.com (in French). Retrieved 4 February 2016.
  19. ↑ "Hong Kong investors buy fashion brand Sonia Rykiel". Reuters. 21 February 2012. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
  20. ↑ Alexander, Ella (21 September 2012). "Sonia Rykiel Names New Creative Director". Vogue. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  21. ↑ Wang, Lisa (14 May 2014). "Julie de Libran Appointed Artistic Director at Sonia Rykiel". Business of Fashion. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
  22. ↑ "What the Fung Family Did Wrong — and Right — with Their Western Luxury Brands". Jing Daily. 11 June 2019. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
  23. ↑ Guilbault, Laure (25 July 2019). "Sonia Rykiel to Liquidate After Judge Rejects Sale". The Business of Fashion. Retrieved 3 March 2020.
  24. 1 2 Diderich, Joelle (24 April 2012). "Sonia Rykiel Addresses Illness in New Book". Women's Wear Daily. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  25. ↑ Hirschmiller, Stephanie (23 July 2015). "Julie de Libran's book tour". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 14 September 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  26. ↑ Bernard, Frédéric Martin (25 August 2016). "Sonia Rykiel, la "Reine du tricot", est morte". Madame Figaro (in French). Retrieved 26 August 2016.
  27. 1 2 "Sonia Rykiel: French fashion designer dies at 86". BBC News. 25 August 2016. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  28. 1 2 3 Boucher, Jean-Jacques (2015). Le dictionnaire de la soie: Découvrir son histoire de ses origines jusqu'à nos jours (in French). Paris: Fernand Lanore. pp. 517–518. ISBN 9782851577634.
  29. 1 2 Socha, Miles (25 August 2016). "Sonia Rykiel, the French fashion designer called 'the queen of knitwear,' dies at 86". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 26 August 2016.
  30. ↑ "Rykiel … At the Fairmont Monte-Carlo". visitmonaco.com. 13 December 2011. Retrieved 26 August 2016.
  31. 1 2 "Sonia Rykiel, French fashion designer – obituary". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 26 August 2016.
  32. 1 2 Karmali, Sarah (3 October 2012). "Sonia Rykiel Awarded Two French Honours". Vogue. Retrieved 26 August 2016.
  33. ↑ Menkes, Suzy (30 September 2018). "Sonia Rykiel Is Immortalised On Paris Street".
  34. ↑ "Paris names street after designer Sonia Rykiel". TRTWORLD. 30 September 2018.
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